Annals of Nuclear Medicine最新文献

{"title":"On the conceptual framing of whole-body metabolic burden in multiple myeloma","authors":"Gursan Kaya, Pinar Ozgen-Kiratli","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02227-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02227-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 9","pages":"1146 - 1147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147940075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methodological and clinical considerations on predicting PSMA-positive metastatic disease in early biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy: Comment on Santo et al.","authors":"Zhao Jiating, Yu Kanqi, Zhang Xiaoyu, Li Haiyan","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02205-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02205-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 7","pages":"838 - 839"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147925905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phantom-based optimization of [18F]fluciclovine neuro-oncology imaging on a high-resolution dedicated head PET system: dual-pathway reconstruction protocols","authors":"Takuro Shiiba,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Azuma,&nbsp;Kento Maeda,&nbsp;Shingo Tanahashi,&nbsp;Masanori Watanabe,&nbsp;Kosuke Yamashita,&nbsp;Masakazu Tsujimoto,&nbsp;Shigeo Ohba,&nbsp;Yoshitaka Inui,&nbsp;Hiroshi Toyama","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02224-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02224-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aimed to establish and evaluate two evidence-based reconstruction protocols for [¹⁸F]fluciclovine PET on a high-resolution dedicated head PET system: a time-efficient protocol for routine clinical use, and a high-quality protocol designed to maximize small-lesion detectability.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A brain-tumor phantom (target-to-background ratio, 5:1) was scanned on a dedicated head PET scanner (BresTome, Shimadzu). Using a 60-min list-mode acquisition, parameters were optimized for two visually defined pathways (10-min clinical-efficiency; 30-min high-quality). The optimization sequence involved optimizing the relaxation factor (<i>β</i>) using mean percent contrast (%contrast_mean), followed by a comparison of post-reconstruction filters (non-local means [NLM] and Gaussian) by maximizing a local contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), guided by the Rose criterion. The final protocols were evaluated against Japanese brain-tumor phantom criteria for key performance metrics, including maximum percent contrast (%contrast_max), relative recovery coefficient (RC), quantitative accuracy (SUV_TOT), and uniformity (SD_ΔSUVmean).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Two distinct protocols were established. The 10-min clinical-efficiency protocol was optimized with <i>β</i> = 60 and an NLM filter (intensity 1.5), which provided the best CNR for the 7.5-mm sphere. The 30-min high-quality protocol was optimized with <i>β</i> = 70 and an NLM filter (intensity 1.0), which yielded the highest CNR for the 5-mm sphere. The 30-min protocol was required for enhanced visibility of the 5-mm sphere. Both protocols met the Japanese criteria for %contrast_max, relative RC, and SUV_TOT, whereas SD_ΔSUVmean did not meet the criterion. Supplementary reconstructions of the full 60-min dataset met the SD_ΔSUVmean criterion. In two representative clinical cases, application of the optimized protocols yielded clinically interpretable images with clear visualization of tumor uptake.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study establishes a dual-pathway framework for [¹⁸F]fluciclovine PET. We recommend the 30-min high-quality protocol (<i>β</i> = 70, NLM intensity = 1.0) as the preferred option when feasible to maximize small-lesion detectability. The 10-min clinical-efficiency protocol (<i>β</i> = 60, NLM intensity = 1.5) serves as a practical, time-saving alternative for patients with limited tolerance. This approach provides a foundation for personalizing clinical protocols based on specific imaging needs and highlights the importance of standardizing uniformity assessment using an appropriate longer-duration reference acquisition for modern high-resolution PET systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 9","pages":"1073 - 1088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond conventional maging: the diagnostic performance of [68Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT for detecting hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in primary hyperparathyroidism","authors":"Fatih Güzel,&nbsp;Halil Kömek,&nbsp;Nalan Alan,&nbsp;Canan Can,&nbsp;Mehmet Güven,&nbsp;Kaan Akçay,&nbsp;Yunus Güzel,&nbsp;Fulya Kaya İpek,&nbsp;Rıdvan Kılıç,&nbsp;Gamze Beydağı,&nbsp;İhsan Kaplan,&nbsp;Hüseyin Karaoğlan,&nbsp;Ferat Kepenek,&nbsp;Halit Diri,&nbsp;Levent Kabasakal","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02220-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02220-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance and lesion localization capability of [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT for hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue in primary hyperparathyroidism (P-HPT), through a retrospective analysis of data obtained from prospective studies conducted at two different centres, compared with the conventional preoperative imaging modalities [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and neck ultrasonography (US).</p><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>A total of 44 patients diagnosed with P-HPT based on clinical and laboratory parameters, who subsequently underwent cervical ultrasonographic evaluation, were included in this study. For all patients, serum parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), 25-OH vitamin D, urea, creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and 24-hour urinary calcium values were recorded. Following cervical US examination, all participants underwent [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI scintigraphy as part of the routine preoperative work-up. Thereafter, to determine the diagnosis and localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT imaging was performed. All [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT data were visually assessed and quantitative measurements were obtained. [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT findings were evaluated in conjunction with PTH wash-out results, postoperative biochemical response confirmation, and histopathological assessment.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Forty-four patients with P-HPT (median age, 52 years; range, 24–73) were included. [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT identified 37 hyperfunctioning parathyroid foci in 36 patients, corresponding to a patient-based detection rate of 81.8% (36/44). US and [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI scintigraphy detected lesions in 45.5% (20/44) and 47.7% (21/44) of patients, respectively, while in the 4D-CT subgroup (<i>n</i> = 20), a lesion was detected in 13 patients. Among 23 [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI-negative patients, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT demonstrated at least one positive focus in 18, and on a lesion-based analysis, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT confirmed 19 of 22 [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI -positive lesions while revealing additional foci in [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI-negative patients. According to the composite reference standard, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT achieved a sensitivity of 97.3% and a PPV of 100%, clearly outperforming [⁹⁹ᵐTc]Tc-MIBI scintigraphy and US.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT demonstrated significantly higher sensitivity than currently used standard imaging modalities. These findings suggest that [⁶⁸Ga]Ga-Trivehexin PET/CT represents a promising diagnostic alternative, particularly in cases where conventional imaging is negative or inconclusive.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 9","pages":"1063 - 1072"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interpretation of myocardial FDG uptake during corticosteroid therapy in cardiac sarcoidosis evaluation with 18F-FDG PET/CT","authors":"Osamu Manabe,&nbsp;Shiro Watanabe,&nbsp;Kenji Hirata,&nbsp;Tadao Aikawa,&nbsp;Takahiro Sato,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Nagai,&nbsp;Keiichi Magota,&nbsp;Ichizo Tsujino,&nbsp;Noriko Oyama-Manabe","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02222-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02222-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a potentially life-threatening condition, and ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) is highly sensitive for detecting myocardial inflammation. However, corticosteroid therapy may alter myocardial metabolism, complicating the interpretation of FDG PET. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of corticosteroid therapy on physiological myocardial FDG uptake and assess the utility of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and free fatty acids (FFA) in distinguishing physiological from pathological uptake.</p><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>We retrospectively analyzed FDG PET/CT scans of 40 CS patients who underwent paired scans before and after corticosteroid therapy, following prolonged fasting (&gt; 18 h). The frequency of physiological myocardial FDG uptake was compared, and FPG and FFA levels were assessed as predictors using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Exploratory analyses were also performed to assess metabolic changes across different levels of corticosteroid exposure.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Physiological myocardial FDG uptake significantly increased after corticosteroid therapy (from 2.5% to 15%, <i>P</i> = 0.048). Post-treatment FFA levels were significantly lower, while FPG levels were higher. An FFA cutoff of 615 µEq/L predicted physiological uptake with 100% sensitivity and 83.6% specificity (AUC = 0.96, <i>P</i> &lt; 0.001), whereas FPG showed poor discrimination (AUC = 0.43, <i>P</i> = 0.83). Patients with physiological uptake had significantly lower FFA levels; FPG did not differ between groups. In analyses stratified by corticosteroid dose, physiological uptake was less frequently observed at lower dose levels, accompanied by relatively preserved metabolic parameters.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Corticosteroid therapy increases physiological myocardial FDG uptake in CS patients, likely due to reduced FFA levels and altered metabolism. FFA may serve as a useful marker for distinguishing physiological FDG uptake from abnormal uptake, supporting more accurate PET interpretation during corticosteroid therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 9","pages":"1053 - 1062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12149-026-02222-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147866331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zero-TE MRI-based attenuation correction for bone components on chest [18F] FDG PET/MRI: accuracy, repeatability, and external validation of an unsupervised deep learning approach using unpaired PET/CT data","authors":"Munenobu Nogami,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Matsuo,&nbsp;Mizuho Nishio,&nbsp;Feibi Zeng,&nbsp;Junko Inoue Inukai,&nbsp;Miho Tachibana,&nbsp;Florian Wiesinger,&nbsp;Sandeep Kaushik,&nbsp;Takako Kurimoto,&nbsp;Kazuhiro Kubo,&nbsp;Martin W. Huellner,&nbsp;Hidehiko Okazawa,&nbsp;Takamichi Murakami","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02213-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02213-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>In positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), attenuation correction (AC) for PET of the head is achieved by MRI data to generate pseudo-computed tomography (CT) images. However, for the torso, AC becomes more challenging due to the complexity of separating bone components. Additionally, generating accurate MRI-based CT using deep learning poses significant difficulties for the chest, primarily because perfectly paired MRI and CT training data are hard to obtain owing to respiratory motion and body movements. We previously demonstrated that MRI-to-CT conversion can be achieved without deformation, even using unsupervised learning for zero echo time (ZTE) MRI and CT data from different individuals. Building on this foundation, our study aims to apply this approach to AC in chest PET/MRI and assess their quantitative accuracy, reproducibility, and external validity.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The datasets used included (1) training dataset (unpaired ZTE MRI and CT of PET/CT, <i>n</i> = 360 and 500, respectively); (2) test dataset (paired PET/MRI and PET/CT, <i>n</i> = 25 and 25, respectively); (3) repeatability assessment dataset (repeated PET/MRI, <i>n</i> = 15 × 2 scans for the same patient); and (4) external validation dataset (paired MRI component of PET/MRI and CT, <i>n</i> = 30 and 30, respectively, acquired at another institution). Unpaired training data were used to train the deep learning model of pseudo-CT generation from ZTE. The accuracy, repeatability, and reproducibility of the PET/MRI scans using ZTE- and deep learning-based AC (MRAC_ZTE) were evaluated based on the similarity of the histograms and the mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean) of physiological background of bone and liver.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The histogram correlation coefficients between MRAC_ZTE and the AC map based on the CT (CTAC) for the spine were significantly higher than those between conventional AC (MRAC_Dixon) and CTAC. Additionally, bone SUVmean obtained using MRAC_ZTE showed reduced bias relative to CTAC compared with MRAC_Dixon. This method proved to be reproducible on each patient level and robust against external validation.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Unsupervised learning with unpaired ZTE and CT data enabled pseudo-CT generation with bone components that closely matched CT-based attenuation maps. Integration into MR-based attenuation correction resulted in stable physiological uptake measurements in chest PET/MRI, supporting the feasibility of this approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 8","pages":"961 - 970"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12149-026-02213-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147863403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial flow reserve estimation from standardized uptake values of 13N-ammonia imaging with a silicon photomultiplier positron emission tomography/computed tomography system","authors":"Masateru Kawakubo,&nbsp;Yoko Kaimoto,&nbsp;Atsushi Yamamoto,&nbsp;Masaki Watanabe,&nbsp;Akiko Sakai,&nbsp;Michinobu Nagao","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02219-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02219-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To assess the feasibility of estimating myocardial flow reserve (MFR) from static standardized uptake values (SUVs) derived using stress and rest ¹³N-ammonia positron emission tomography (PET) images acquired with a silicon photomultiplier-based PET/computed tomography (CT) system. The goal was to simplify MFR assessment by avoiding dynamic acquisition while maintaining diagnostic accuracy.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We retrospectively included 121 consecutive patients who underwent ¹³N-ammonia PET myocardial perfusion imaging. The mean SUVs of the left and right ventricles were measured on transverse-axis slices corresponding to the largest cross-sectional area, and the stress-to-rest SUV ratio was calculated. A logarithmic transformation was applied to the MFR, and linear regression models between the log-transformed MFR and the stress-to-rest left ventricular-SUV ratio were developed using six-fold cross-validation across 121 patients. The predicted MFR values from the test folds were then combined to evaluate model performance across all patients with a comparable MFR distribution. Model performance was assessed using the root mean square error (RMSE) between the estimated and true MFR values, and the diagnostic performance for identifying MFRs &lt; 2.0 by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis with 95% confidence intervals.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The RMSE of the predicted MFR calculated using the linear regression model was 0.39. Using an optimal cut-off value of 1.79 for the predicted MFR, the model achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.89 (95% confidence interval: 0.83–0.95), with a sensitivity of 75% and a specificity of 88%. The proposed simplified SUV-based approach exhibited clinically acceptable error for MFR estimation and could effectively identify patients with an impaired MFR.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This method may facilitate quantitative MFR assessment in clinical settings where dynamic PET protocols or dedicated software are not available, thereby broadening access to physiological evaluation of myocardial perfusion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 8","pages":"999 - 1009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12149-026-02219-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibroblast activation protein-targeted molecular imaging in interstitial lung disease: a systematic review","authors":"Ali Ghorbani Olya,&nbsp;Mehrzad Bahtouee,&nbsp;Esmail Jafari,&nbsp;Maryam Ravanipour,&nbsp;Ali Hamidi,&nbsp;Nahid Aram,&nbsp;Soodabeh Zendeboodi,&nbsp;Moloud Abbaszadeh,&nbsp;Majid Assadi","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02223-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02223-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are characterized by progressive lung scarring. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP), overexpressed on activated fibroblasts, has emerged as a key molecular target for imaging active fibrosis. This systematic review synthesizes the current evidence on the role of FAP-targeted imaging in evaluating ILD. A systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science according to PRISMA guidelines. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in a qualitative synthesis. FAP inhibitors (FAPI) imaging consistently demonstrated elevated tracer uptake in ILD patients, showing strong spatial correlation with fibrotic patterns on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), particularly reticulation. Increased FAPI uptake was significantly associated with declining lung function, including forced vital capacity (FVC) and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO). Histopathological analyses confirmed that FAPI uptake corresponds to fibroblast-rich regions, validating its specificity for active fibrogenesis. Dual-tracer imaging showed potential in differentiating fibrotic from inflammatory activity. FAP-targeted imaging is a promising non-invasive modality for visualizing and quantifying active fibrosis in ILD. It offers valuable insights into disease activity, functional impairment, and prognosis, potentially guiding personalized treatment strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 9","pages":"1013 - 1030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary microvascular injury detection and prediction after successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention: non-invasive assessment using single photon emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging","authors":"Ragab Abdulsalam Mahfouz,&nbsp;Mohammad Gouda Mohammad,&nbsp;Shady G. Ouf,&nbsp;Azza Seddiq Ahmad Zidan,&nbsp;Mohamed Mesbah Taha","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02208-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02208-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite the success of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in restoring epicardial coronary arteries blood flow post-acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), insufficient myocardial perfusion noted. Coronary microvascular injury (CMI) emerges as the most possible explanation that exhibits a distinct predictor of the resultant adverse cardiovascular consequences. Timely detection and evaluation of CMI play a crucial role in enhancing patient prognosis. Nonetheless, the availability of practical and cost-efficient diagnostic methodologies remains constrained within clinical settings.</p><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To assess the ability of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging (SPECT-MPI) in CMI detection and prediction after successful PPCI and to evaluate the impact of underlying identified myocardial perfusion abnormalities in the clinical outcome over six months period.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>The study was a prospective cohort analysis of 150 patients with acute single-vessel STEMI status post successful PPCI. SPECT-MPI performed to assess culprit coronary artery-related myocardial perfusion pattern and to rule out residual ischemia. Patients with normal perfusion patterns labelled as group I while those with reversed perfusion defects and confirmed patent well-functioning stents considered having CMI and labelled as group II. Different clinical, echocardiographic, angiographic, SPECT variables and clinical outcomes were examined. Multivariate analysis identified independent CMI predictors.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>CMI was detected in 24% of the study population. Anterior STEMI, left anterior descending artery occlusion, prolonged door-to-balloon time, increased left ventricular volumes and reduced ejection fraction were identified as independent CMI predictors. CMI patients had significantly higher ischemic burden and heart failure hospitalizations at six-month follow-up.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>SPECT-MPI is a practical non-invasive cost-effective screening modality for early detection of CMI following successful PPCI. The identified clinical and imaging predictors allow early detection, risk stratification and provide a basis for targeted interventions and management strategies to reduce CMI-related complications.</p><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>ZU-IRB#10990-13-8-2023, Registered 13/08/2023, email: IRB_123@medicine.zu.edu.eg.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 8","pages":"937 - 948"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Error analysis of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism in three-dimensional 15O-gas positron emission tomography acquisition","authors":"Keiji Shimizu,&nbsp;Keiichi Matsumoto,&nbsp;Wataru Omasa,&nbsp;Go Akamatsu,&nbsp;Yasuhiko Ikari,&nbsp;Masahiro Sasaki,&nbsp;Takeharu Ibaraki,&nbsp;Michio Senda,&nbsp;Tomohiko Yamane","doi":"10.1007/s12149-026-02217-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12149-026-02217-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>¹⁵O-gas positron emission tomography (PET), which enables quantitative assessment of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism, is widely performed to diagnose cerebrovascular disorders and evaluate therapeutic effects. While the autoradiography method offers high quantitative accuracy, short restraint time, and reduced radiation exposure as advantages over the steady-state method, it requires several radiation detectors in addition to a PET scanner. In contrast, PET/CT systems optimized for whole-body tumor imaging with ¹⁸F-2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose have high sensitivity, and recent regulatory developments have facilitated active efforts to reduce radiation dose through low-dose administration. Dose reduction is desirable for ¹⁵O-gas PET, which involves the inhalation of relatively high radioactivity concentrations; nonetheless, obtaining an arterial input function with sufficient statistical precision is challenging under low-dose conditions. In this study, we aimed to investigate how variations in the crosscalibration factor between the dose calibrator and the continuous blood-sampling system (CCFcbs), as well as the magnitude of statistical noise in the arterial input function measured using the continuous blood-sampling system (aTACnoise), affect the quantitative parameters of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism images.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Ten patients with cerebrovascular disease (six men and four women) with a median age of 61.5 years were enrolled. The effects of CCFcbs and aTACnoise on quantitative cerebral hemodynamic and metabolic parameters were evaluated.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) showed an inverse correlation with CCFcbs; however, the oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) was minimally affected. aTACnoise had a greater impact on OEF and CMRO2 than on CBF, and the variability increased as statistical precision decreased.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>A highly sensitive continuous blood-sampling system or technical improvements that enable higher-sensitivity measurements are crucial for obtaining an arterial input function with sufficient statistical precision. Furthermore, standardization of the calibration procedure is essential.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":8007,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Nuclear Medicine","volume":"40 8","pages":"971 - 982"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147760372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}