ACS Applied Polymer Materials最新文献

{"title":"Dual-Responsive Fluorescent Polymer Films for Wide-Range Temperature and Humidity Sensing","authors":"Rayan Kadah El Habbal,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Swapnil S. Salvi,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Ankur Jain,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Pierre Karam*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02854","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Polymer films are widely used in packaging, electronics, and biomedical technologies. Preparing thin polymer films with temperature and humidity sensing capabilities can enable the improvement of device performance, durability, and functionality. In the present work, we report on thin fluorescent polymer films that can detect small temperature changes with excellent sensitivity over a wide temperature range from 20 to 60 °C. The probe was prepared using poly(phenylene ethylene) (PPE-CO₂-108) in complexation with a polymer mixture of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-<i>co</i>-vinyl acetate) (PVP-VA). The macromolecule mixture resulted in clear and colorless films. Upon heating, we observed up to an 11-fold increase in the fluorescence intensity, which was recorded using an unmodified and commercially available camera. The thermal response profile of these films could be tuned by altering the polymer composition and ratio. The best-performing films had an absolute sensitivity of 1.51 °C^–1. The enhanced fluorescence signal was preserved even after several days of heat exposure; however, it would revert to its original intensity when exposed to humidity. As such, these prepared films can act as an on–off temperature sensor and as an on–off humidity sensor. ATR-FTIR measurements revealed that the actuating mechanism of the polymer films is through water adsorption–desorption in the polymer film. Fluorescence confocal imaging of the films before and after heating revealed a significant transformation in their morphology. Initially uniform, the films became highly porous upon heating, forming a distinct network-like structure. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated that these thermally sensitive films could serve as a valuable tool for investigating localized heating effects, such as the hyperthermia induced by magnetic nanoparticles embedded in thin polymer matrices.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13351–13360"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsapm.5c02854","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solid-Phase Coassembly of Polydiacetylene and Azo Dye Exhibiting Green-to-Orange Transition for VOC Sensing","authors":"Ankit Thakuri,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Mainak Banerjee*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Amrita Chatterjee*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02506","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The distinctive blue-to-red chromatic transition of polydiacetylenes has been greatly employed for the generation of colorimetric sensors for many chemically and biologically important analytes. However, very few efforts have been dedicated to the development of color-tunable polydiacetylenes. Herein, we report the design and development of a polydiacetylene-based solid-phase sensor with a unique green-to-orange chromatic transition. The sensor was developed by comixing 10,12-pentacosadiynoic acid (PCDA) with aniline yellow, a commercial aromatic azo dye, and coating it on strips of filter paper. The coassembly of azo dye and PCDA offers a green color upon UV irradiation (254 nm), and it displays the expected colorimetric transition under temperature and pH change, indicating that PCDA retains all its chromatic properties in the solid phase. These PCDA:azo strips were capable of detecting a series of different classes of VOCs, such as chlorinated solvents, hydrocarbons, and ethers, by green-to-orange chromatic changes, indicating their high potential as a VOC sensor. The normalized intensity plot from ImageJ showed that the strips detected common VOCs in under 1 min, indicating a quick response. The PCDA:azo strips also displayed better stability and sensitivity than the PCDA strips. The PCDA:azo strips were also able to detect VOCs released in real samples, such as primers and rotten meat, signifying their real-world applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13139–13146"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsapm.5c02506","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Poly(ether imide) on the Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Resin under Extreme Environmental Conditions","authors":"Ruoxi Fan,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuhang Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yeqing Liu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jinghua Wang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Duo Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Tao Sun,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shichao Li*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Zhanjun Wu,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02744","url":null,"abstract":"<p >The high- and low-temperature mechanical properties of epoxy resin (EP) play a critical role in determining the service performance of carbon fiber-reinforced composites (CFRP) in extreme environments. In this study, the poly(ether imide) (PEI) thermoplastic was incorporated into the epoxy matrix to improve the mechanical properties of the epoxy resin. Curing kinetics analysis demonstrated that the addition of PEI lowered the apparent activation energy of the curing reaction. Rheological testing revealed that PEI increased the viscosity of the epoxy resin and shortened its gel time. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) indicated that the addition of 8.0 wt % PEI raised the glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_g) of the epoxy to 207.7 °C. Tensile testing demonstrated that the epoxy resin modified with 8.0 wt % PEI achieved tensile strengths of 139.43 MPa at RT, 127.85 MPa at 90 K, 93.03 MPa at 373 K, and 46.05 MPa at 423 K, representing improvements of 33.7%, 7.0%, 8.5%, and 24.9%, respectively, compared to the unmodified epoxy resin. Similarly, the elongation at break reached 5.66% at RT and 1.54% at 90 K, representing 38.7% and 11.6% enhancements compared to the unmodified epoxy. Moreover, modulus measurements showed values of 3.53 GPa at 373 K and 2.36 GPa at 423 K, exceeding the unmodified epoxy by 1.7% and 14.0%, respectively. The mechanism of PEI in improving the high- and low-temperature mechanical properties of epoxy resins can be summarized as follows: (i) At low temperatures, the enhanced mobility of PEI molecular chains improves the toughness of epoxy resins; (ii) At high temperatures, the greater rigidity of the PEI molecular chain improves the heat resistance of the epoxy resin.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13321–13331"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elastic Hairy Nanoparticle Separator Coating for Enhanced Interfacial Stability in Lithium–Metal Batteries","authors":"Verena Kempkes,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Sipei Li,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jay F. Whitacre*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Krzysztof Matyjaszewski*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02697","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Hairy nanoparticles (HNPs) provide excellent protection against dendrite formation when applied as an artificial solid electrolyte interface (aSEI) in lithium-metal batteries. ASEIs can be applied to the lithium anode in three different ways: by drop casting, electrospinning, and dip coating. However, each of these application techniques require a significant amount of handling time for the highly reactive lithium. Safer conditions during cell assembly would greatly improve the commercial applicability of lithium metal batteries. Hence, alternative processing of the HNPs in the cells was explored. HNPs with high elasticity were spray-coated on the anode side of the separator, resulting in no additional lithium handling time other than during cell assembly. This improved the common downfall of separator coatings with limited contact between the protective layer and the anode. Due to the more uniform HNP deposition, the separator coating showed a capacity retention of ∼86% after 500 cycles.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13219–13225"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsapm.5c02697","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable Segmental Motion of PEDOT:PSS Films under Hydration and Ion Intercalation for Efficient Ionic–Electronic Transport","authors":"Shaochuan Luo*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yichen Ding,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jiayu Lu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Saroj Upreti,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Wenlei Yin,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Qi Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Labao Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Gi Xue,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaodan Gu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Evgeny Zhuravlev,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xiaoliang Wang*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Dongshan Zhou*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02834","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs), which facilitate both electronic and ionic transport, are gaining increasing attention for their potential in emerging applications and for elucidating fundamental physical processes. Their mixed conduction is often limited by ion transport, which involves an interplay of polymer segmental dynamics and local free volume for ion hopping, both intrinsically linked to the glass transition of the amorphous fraction. Here, we developed an electrochemical cell integrated with the alternating current (ac) chip calorimeter to probe the glass transition behavior of poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) films in dry, hydrated, and electrochemically dedoped states. Our findings reveal that increased film heterogeneity with elongated structures exhibits enhanced segmental motion and a lower glass transition temperature (<i>T</i>_g) under both states. Upon swelling, samples with increased heterogeneity underwent less volumetric deformation and showed a smaller fraction increase in the disordered domain. This preserves electronic pathways while accelerating ion transport in hydration. Furthermore, during electrochemical reduction, the increased interfacial area between the electrolyte and elongated PEDOT-rich domains promotes segmental motion through soft confinement effects, resulting in more pronounced <i>T</i>_g reduction and improved dedoping kinetics. These results demonstrate that morphological optimization enables precise control of segmental motion and the amorphous domain fraction in the OMIECs, thereby simultaneously suppressing disorder upon swelling and enhancing ion transport during dedoping to synergistically optimize ionic–electronic mixed conduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13332–13340"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multimodal Wearable Sensors Based on Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Poly(styrenesulfonate) with High Sensitivity, Linearity, and a Wide Range","authors":"Xiaoling Luo*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dang Wu,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Bo Shi,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02401","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Flexible multifunctional sensors have garnered significant interest for their potential in wearable devices and physiological monitoring. However, achieving both high sensitivity and excellent linearity over a broad sensing range remains a considerable challenge. In this work, we developed a poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)@thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) hybrid film for temperature, humidity, and strain sensing. The PEO/PEDOT:PSS@TPU hybrid film demonstrates remarkable temperature sensitivity (−2.25%/°C between 30 and 60 °C) and high humidity sensitivity (1.91 within 80% RH). By incorporating PEO to enhance the dispersion of PEDOT:PSS and establish a more robust conductive network, the sensor achieves outstanding strain sensitivity (gauge factor = 315.9), excellent linearity (<i>R</i>² &gt; 0.99) across a wide sensing range (0–80%), and high durability (&gt;1000 cycles). Furthermore, the sensor successfully tracks physiological signals, highlighting its promising applications in smart skin and healthcare monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13076–13084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-friendly Superhydrophobic MWCNTs/PTFE/PEEK Powder Coating for Stable Superhydrophobicity in Extreme Environments","authors":"Yuxing Bai,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Haiping Zhang*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jesse Zhu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Shao,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Jinbao Huang,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02222","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Superhydrophobic coatings hold broad application potential but face persistent challenges in thermal protection and mechanical robustness. Conventional fabrication methods further suffer from environmental and economic inefficiency associated with the use of organic solvents and complex equipment. Herein, a ternary nano/microintegrated composite of polyether–ether–ketone, polytetrafluoroethylene, and multiwalled carbon nanotubes was rationally designed and prepared via pressure-bonding technology. And thus, an eco-friendly superhydrophobic powder coating with exceptional thermal stability and long-term durability is successfully reported (WCA of 163.78°, WSA of 1.3°). This strategy addresses the inherent limitations associated with conventional melt-extrusion and direct-blending methods, such as thermal dispersion, homogenization, pulverization, and compatibility issues, thereby achieving a synergistic enhancement of material properties. The superhydrophobic coating demonstrates superior resistance to both cold and hot liquids. Also, it exhibits exceptional thermal stability (up to 400 °C) with simultaneous mechanical reinforcement, where the intertwined structure achieves high enhancement in abrasion resistance compared to direct-blended coatings. The chemically inert and rough surface also offers resistance to aggressive inorganic/organic solvents. Long-term environmental durability is evidenced by maintaining &gt;150° WCA after 60 days of UV-accelerated aging. The coating’s stability under thermal, mechanical, and chemical stresses allows it to outperform conventional systems, offering a facile and innovative solution for surface thermal protection in extreme conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13011–13023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalyst-Free Renewable Polyurethane Based on Depolymerized Lignin with Excellent Shape Memory Performance and Reprocessability","authors":"Karen Lopez Camas,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Carolina A. Sotelo Guzman,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Punita Upadhyay,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Saadman Sakib Rahman,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Aman Ullah*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02550","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Using lignin as a building block for polyurethane (PU) synthesis has been challenging due to its heterogeneous, branched structure and significant steric hindrance. To overcome these limitations, this study employed lignin-derived oligomers obtained via microwave-assisted depolymerization, known as bio-oil (BO), as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based polyol for the catalyst-free fabrication of high-performance PU sheets. The effects of BO content (10–60 wt %) on the thermal and mechanical properties, shape memory performance, antioxidant capacity, and reprocessability of PU sheets were systematically investigated. The fabricated PU sheets exhibited an ultimate tensile strength of 69.1 MPa, compared to 41.8 MPa for the conventional petroleum-based PU. Notably, despite substituting the polyol with BO, the PU sheets maintained a strong mechanical performance. Additionally, BO incorporation significantly enhanced thermal stability and antioxidant properties significantly. The PU sheets also exhibited an outstanding thermally triggered shape-memory effect with shape fixity and recovery ratios of 100% and 96.1%, respectively, over five cycles and the ability to close scratches and cuts. Finally, the material was successfully dissolved in DMF under mild conditions and was reused as an adhesive, achieving a shear strength of 1.77 MPa.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13158–13170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of Strong and Thermally Insulated Sodium Alginate Aerogels via a Salt-Regulated Freeze-Casting Strategy","authors":"Junxiao Mu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Xinyue Chen,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zhijie Luo,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Zeming Hui,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Chen Zhuo,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Fangxin Zou,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Shouhai Zhang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Hailong Li*,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Xigao Jian,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02151","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Traditional petroleum-based aerogels are more suitable for thermal insulation than inorganic aerogels due to their high mechanical flexibility and low mechanical brittleness. However, petroleum-based aerogels have limitations in terms of biodegradability and thermal insulation. Sodium alginate (SA), a marine-derived polysaccharide material, is an eco-friendly material suitable for producing aerogels with outstanding thermal insulation and biodegradability. However, the widespread application of SA aerogels has been limited by their mechanical brittleness. To overcome this limitation, a salt-regulated freeze-casting strategy was employed to fabricate mechanically robust SA aerogels with an anisotropic structure and enhanced thermal insulation performance. By systematically varying the SA concentration (1.5–4.5 wt %) and NaCl concentration (0.0–0.1 M), the anisotropic aerogels that achieve an optimal balance between mechanical strength and thermal insulation performance were successfully engineered. The optimized aerogel, fabricated with an SA concentration of 4.5 wt % and a NaCl concentration of 0.075 M (4.5 wt %-0.075 M), demonstrates a compressive modulus of 6.88 MPa that is 14.3 times higher than commercial polystyrene foam, an axial thermal conductivity of 0.0362 W/(m·K), and good flame retardancy. Therefore, this strategy paves the way for designing SA aerogels with high mechanical strength and good thermal insulation performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"12989–12997"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Thermopower Thermogalvanic Ionic Hydrogel for Efficient Low-Grade Heat Energy Harvesting in Electronic Devices","authors":"Runqiu Wu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Bendong Liu*,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Dongkun Yu,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Hongye Qin,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Jiahui Yang,&nbsp;, ,&nbsp;Haibin Liu,&nbsp;, and ,&nbsp;Guohua Gao,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsapm.5c02573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsapm.5c02573","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Energy is fundamental to human survival and development and also serves as a crucial driving force for sustainable economic growth. Due to the limited efficiency of energy conversion, electronic devices operating at high loads generate substantial amounts of low-grade waste heat. Recycling and reusing of this waste heat can lead to significant energy savings. The present thermoelectric materials typically exhibit low thermopower (or Seebeck coefficient), making it challenging to efficiently recover low-grade waste heat. This study rapidly fabricated polyacrylamide hydrogels via aqueous polymerization and then introduced the Fe(CN)₆^3–/^4– redox couple and guanidine hydrochloride through solvent exchange to produce the thermogalvanic ionic hydrogel (TGIH). Subsequently, the water retention and mechanical properties of TGIH were enhanced by introducing the natural moisturizing factor sodium pyrrolidone carboxylate. The TGIH exhibited a high Seebeck coefficient of 5.49 mV/K, a high specific power density of 1213.29 μW/m²·K², a high water retention rate of 62.7%, a great tensile fracture rate of 523.65%, and a toughness of 0.167 MJ/m³. In addition, an application case is carried on using smartphones; this work demonstrated the TGIH’s capability to efficiently dissipate heat from electronic devices while simultaneously recovering low-grade waste heat. The TGIH can promote the recovery and utilization of low-grade thermal energy and holds significant application potential in sustainable wearable electronics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Polymer Materials","volume":"7 19","pages":"13171–13179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145247715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}