Thermal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Influence of the Operating Parameters of the Irrigation Heat Exchanger of a Desalinating Plant on the Efficiency of Its Operation","authors":"O. D. Matukhnova,&nbsp;M. Yu. Yurkina,&nbsp;V. F. Ochkov","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700569","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700569","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A review of modern desalination technologies is conducted with an analysis of their advantages and disadvantages. The processes of heat and mass transfer in a spray heat exchanger are considered to determine the optimal operating parameters that ensure the minimum possible heat-exchange surface area. Mathematical modeling of heat and mass transfer processes in a spray heat exchanger has been performed. The influence of pressure in the irrigation chamber, the amount of salt deposits, and the flow rate of the heating coolant on the thermal and design characteristics of the desalination plant is analyzed. As a result of the numerical experiment, the dependence of the heat-transfer coefficient and heat-exchange surface area on the studied parameters was established. It was found that, with a decrease in pressure in the irrigation chamber and an increase in temperature pressure, the boiling process intensifies, which leads to an increase in the heat-transfer coefficient. This effect allows for significantly reducing the required surface area and dimensions of the irrigation heat exchanger. Based on the calculation studies, the optimal operating parameters of the heat and mass exchange apparatus were determined: the permissible thickness of the carbonate deposit layer (the content of CaCO₃ and MgCO₃ is over 50%, the thermal conductivity coefficient is approximately 1 W/(m² K)) should not exceed 0.1 mm; the pressure in the steam generation chamber is recommended to be maintained at 10 kPa; the heat-exchange surface area (required and possible) under the given design conditions (0.04 and 0.05 m internal and external pipe diameter, respectively; brass material, 29 independent circuits) is 5 m². With the specified parameters, the heat-transfer coefficient reaches 2500 W/(m² K) for the considered design of the device.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 11","pages":"933 - 940"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145698684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Results of Full Scale Tests of Ion-Plasma Coatings in a Fluidized Bed Cyclone Stoker","authors":"A. V. Ryzhenkov,&nbsp;A. F. Mednikov,&nbsp;G. V. Kachalin,&nbsp;A. B. Tkhabisimov,&nbsp;O. S. Zilova,&nbsp;S. V. Grigor’ev,&nbsp;K. I. Milovanov,&nbsp;E. K. Buchilko","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700521","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of full scale abrasion and corrosion resistance tests carried out on the experimental specimens of grade St20 and 09G2S steels with protective Cr–CrС and Cr–CrN ion-plasma coatings (IPCs) after they have been held for 576 h in a 25 kW fluidized bed cyclone stoker operated on three kinds of pelletized biofuel: flax shives, straw, and sunflower husk. The temperature in the furnace and in the gas flue, in which the experimental specimens made of grade 09G2S and St20 steels were placed, was from 750 to 650°С. A chemical analysis of the ash produced after combusting these three kinds of pelletized fuel has shown that potassium and chlorine were available in the ash composition, the presence of which may give rise to the occurrence of corrosive compounds in the case of moisture condensation during the equipment outage periods. It has been found that the coatings studied did not experience abrasion or corrosion destruction; the coating thickness changed by a factor of 1.2–1.5 on the average. A deviation in the morphology was noted as a consequence of coating surface layer oxidation at the maximal exposure time; however, no material oxidation under the coating was found on the transverse metallographic sections of coated specimens. The bench tests of grade 09G2S steel specimens with protective Cr–CrN IPC carried out after holding them in the installation’s furnace at an abrasive air flow incidence angle of 90° have shown that the abrasive resistance in terms of steady wear rate has increased by no less than a factor of two in comparison with that of noncoated specimens. In testing the corrosion resistance of specimens made of grade St20 steel with Cr–CrC coating after holding them in the installation’s gas flue followed by holding them for 480 h in a water extract from the ash of each of combusted biofuels, it has been noted that the corrosion rate determined using the gravimetric method has been decreased by 1.2–2.3 times in comparison with the same indicator of noncoated specimens. According to the study results obtained, multilayer Cr–CrС and Cr–CrN ion-plasma coatings are promising ones for ensuring protection against corrosion and abrasion wear for the furnace and gas flue materials in fluidized bed boilers that use agricultural waste (flax shives, straw, or sunflower husk) as biofuel.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 11","pages":"968 - 978"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145698737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A GTU Model Based on a Recurrent Neural Network: Features of Elaboration and Application","authors":"A. S. Shabunin","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700533","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The application of artificial neural networks (ANN) based on various types of the recurrent architecture for simulation of the dynamics of development of complex process power-generating facilities, in particular gas-turbine units (GTUs), is examined. The challenges are outlined that arise in constructing classical mathematical models of such units, including a need to have reliable information on physical regularities, weight and size of equipment, correction factors, and to perform labor-intensive verification. The proposed approach eliminates these restrictions since the model uses only archived data on signals from the automatic process-control system. As a result, direct specification of physical parameters is no longer required. The author focuses on the application of ANNs to construct models that can reproduce nonlinear relationships among control actions, ambient conditions, and technical state of equipment. The proposed neural network models were trained and validated against actual operating data acquired at a 6-MW gas-turbine unit. Archival time series longer than 2 years were employed. These models have been demonstrated to offer good generalization service. A studied probabilistic extension of the model can form confidence intervals of predictions, thereby improving the reliability of diagnostics and detection of abnormal behavior. The architectural features of the applied solutions, including long short-term memory and sequential encoder-decoder models with an “attention” mechanism are analyzed. Besides numerical metrics, the model response is studied during individual characteristic regimes, including startups, shutdowns, and transients. The presented results confirm the practical significance of the proposed approach in solving the problems of developing digital twins, monitoring systems, and training simulators for operational personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 11","pages":"979 - 992"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145698797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technical and Economic Assessment of the Use of Fluidized Bed Technologies and Chemical Cycles for Methanol Production","authors":"G. A. Ryabov,&nbsp;D. S. Liton,&nbsp;O. M. Folomeev","doi":"10.1134/S004060152570051X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S004060152570051X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A brief overview of methanol-production technologies is presented. Methanol produced using Power-to-Fuels technology has been shown to be a promising fuel. Electrolysis of water generates hydrogen, which reacts with carbon dioxide. The result of this reaction is methanol. Flue gases from power plants can provide a fairly concentrated stream of CO₂ for this reaction. Particularly promising in such hybrid schemes is the use of biomass for the production of electricity using an electrolyzer as a source of CO₂. The schemes for producing methanol using fluidized bed technology during biomass combustion are considered in which the generated electricity is sent to an electrolyzer to generate hydrogen and the CO₂ flow is sent to the methanator. Another promising technology is gasification in chemical cycles. Technologies for producing methanol with a minimal carbon footprint are described. New schemes based on circulating fluidized bed (CFB) technology for combustion and gasification of biomass are proposed. Estimates of the performance of a system with a pressurized CFB boiler and a gas turbine for woodchip combustion in boilers, as well as a system using chemical cycles for woodchip gasification, have been performed. Technical and economic indicators, including the reduced cost of methanol, were determined during the life cycle of the plant. The scheme with allothermic gasification and chemical cycles for producing hydrogen seems to be the most promising. It allows to significantly increase the production of methanol. While the implementation of hybrid schemes with CFB boilers can use well-proven equipment, schemes with gas generators and chemical cycles require the use of new, as yet commercially untested solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 11","pages":"941 - 953"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145698800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gas Prices As a Factor of Technology Competition in the Electric Power Industry and the Pace of Its Decarbonization: Sectoral, Intersectoral, and Macroeconomic Consequences","authors":"F. V. Veselov,&nbsp;V. A. Malakhov,&nbsp;A. A. Khorshev,&nbsp;T. V. Novikova","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700557","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700557","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of modeling changes in the structure of electricity and district heat production on the horizon up to 2050 under the influence of scenarios of stagnation or rising gas prices in a wide range are presented. Estimates of changes in the cost-optimized scale of development of thermal power plants (TPPs) and their contribution to the production of electricity and centralized heat in Russia have been obtained. The influence of price scenarios in the gas market on the efficiency of the development of gas and coal-fired thermal power plants, including cogeneration (CHP), on the dynamics of increasing their energy efficiency, as well as on trends in reducing total greenhouse gas emissions from power plants, is analyzed. The dependencies of multidirectional changes in demand for gas and coal in the electric power industry and restrictions on the revenue growth of gas suppliers in the largest segment of the domestic market are obtained. The ranges of investment needs of the electric power industry and the required electricity prices are estimated. The effects of the transition to higher gas and electricity prices on the country’s GDP (including the impact of investment multipliers) have been determined using intersectoral multiagency models.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 11","pages":"881 - 892"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145698802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Most In-Demand Methods for Desulfurization of Flue Gases of Thermal Power Plants in Russia","authors":"A. A. Strokov,&nbsp;A. N. Epikhin,&nbsp;O. A. Kiseleva","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700491","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700491","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents modern environmental requirements and the current state of the art in the field of cleaning flue gases from sulfur dioxide at thermal power plants in Russia and abroad. The most promising methods of flue gas desulphurization for implementation in the near future at thermal power plants in Russia are presented, and the experience of the All-Russia Thermal Engineering Institute (VTI) in the design and implementation of such installations is described. The experience of creating a domestic industrial highly efficient and waste-free installation for cleaning exhaust flue gases of thermal power plants from sulfur dioxide with a capacity of 1.5 million m³/h (under normal conditions) using ammonium sulphate technology, the final product of which is fertilizer, is considered. The technical solutions applied in the development of the basic design of this desulphurization system are presented based on the experience of developing a pilot industrial plant using ammonia-sulphate technology (AST) at the Dorogobuzhskaya TPP and taking into account the characteristics of the fuel being burned as well as the results of mathematical modelling of a device for introducing flue gases into a gas precooling apparatus (prescrubber). The article presents the results of the development of a project for a simplified “wet-dry” flue gas desulphurization unit with an efficiency of up to 50% for a boiler with a steam capacity of 670 t/h as well as the results of mathematical modeling of the process of injecting lime suspension droplets into the flue gas flow in the prechamber of an electrostatic precipitator and their evaporation. The article presents data on the preliminary feasibility study of the use of wet limestone desulphurization technology (WLDST) to reduce sulphur dioxide emissions taking into account the requirements of environmental legislation for a number of thermal power plants in Russia.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 10","pages":"872 - 880"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Layer Height on Heat Transfer during Boiling of Dielectric Liquid on Mesh Coatings","authors":"D. A. Shvetsov,&nbsp;V. I. Zhukov,&nbsp;A. N. Pavlenko","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700454","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700454","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In immersion, two-phase cooling systems for micro- and power electronics, where the permissible heating temperature should not exceed 85°C, dielectric liquid HFE-7100 is widely used. To increase the heat-transfer coefficient (HTC) and critical heat flux (CHF) values during boiling of HFE-7100 liquid, mesh coatings are used. The results of systematic experiments on single-layer and multilayer mesh coatings made of stainless steel with boiling liquid HFE-7100 in horizontal layers are presented. The liquid layer height varied in the range from 1.5 to 25.0 mm at pressures of 100 and 50 kPa. The experiments were performed using wire meshes with a diameter of 100 and 220 µm with cell side of 230 and 401 µm, respectively. The heat-transfer coefficient values obtained on the multilayer mesh coating are higher than those on the surface without meshes by 35% at all pressures considered. At a saturation pressure of 100 kPa, the increase in the critical heat flux values <i>q</i>_<i>cr</i> on mesh coatings is almost 60%, while that at a saturation pressure of 50 kPa is approximately 214% compared to <i>q</i>_<i>cr</i> on surfaces without meshes. The maximum values of the critical heat flux on single-layer mesh coatings shifts towards thinner liquid layers of 8 mm in height compared to the value <i>q</i>_<i>cr</i> on a 16-mm-height layer on a smooth surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 10","pages":"860 - 871"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of Temperature and Emissivity of Condensed Phase Particles during Flame Combustion of Peat in a Steam Boiler","authors":"I. A. Zagrai,&nbsp;V. A. Kuzmin,&nbsp;A. S. Lonshakov","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700478","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700478","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The temperature of condensed phase particles formed during flame combustion of peat from Kirov oblast in a BKZ-210-140F boiler was studied using a pyrometric method. The authors elaborated an experimental-and-calculation procedure for pyrometry of the furnace enabling determination of the temperature of condensed phase particles (of coke and ash) in the gas phase transparency band. The measurements were taken using Raynger R3I 2MSC and Kelvin 2300 PLTs pyrometers having radiation receivers operating at a wavelength of 1.6 µm and in a spectral range from 1.0 to 1.6 µm, respectively. Dependences are obtained of the temperatures measured at different heights from the boiler furnace bottom to the measurement point (hereinafter referred to the boiler furnace height) (<i>H</i> = 9, 14, and 16 m), on the emissivity set on the pyrometers in the range from 0.1 to 1.0. Spectral and integral radiative energy flux densities sensed by the pyrometers were calculated. Brightness temperatures observed during peat combustion were determined. The software package developed by the authors was used for computational studies of the condensed phase emissivity as a function of the specified temperature considering the fuel burnout along the furnace height by solving the radiative transfer equation for a multicomponent radiating, absorbing, and scattering medium. The intersection of the experimental and predicted functions gave the emissivity and true temperatures of the condensed phase particles. According the measurements taken by the Raynger pyrometer, the particle temperature in the flame root part (<i>H</i> = 9 m) is equal to 1453 K; it is 1226 K in the flame middle part (<i>H</i> = 14 m) and 1334 K in the flame tail part (<i>H</i> = 16 m). For the Kelvin pyrometer, these temperatures were 1471, 1265, and 1343 K, respectively. The obtained particle temperatures enabled us to assess the risk of melting of the mineral part of the fuel and slagging of the furnace.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 10","pages":"834 - 842"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis and Choice of the Material Embodiment of Heat Exchangers for a Thermal Oil ORC Unit (Review)","authors":"Yu. A. Geller,&nbsp;I. S. Antanenkova,&nbsp;M. M. Vinogradov,&nbsp;E. A. Gorbunova","doi":"10.1134/S0040601525700430","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0040601525700430","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents a review of the embodiments, in terms of construction material used (or shortly material embodiments), of the main heat transfer devices, namely, a vapor generator, condenser, and regenerative heat exchanger in the case of their optimal—in the authors’ opinion—use in the design of a thermal oil ORC unit. A shell-and-tube type device was considered for implementing both the thermal oil heated vapor generator and the water cooled condenser. A semi-welded plate device was also considered as an alternative to the latter. For an air cooled condenser, the material embodiment versions of devices with finned tube and microchannel heat transfer surface, and for the regenerative heat exchanger, versions with a plate-and-finned surface were studied. The choice of the most rational heat transfer, thermal insulation, and structural materials is substantiated with due regard to the specific features of the working media used. The currently-in-force regulatory documents stipulating the material embodiment of heat exchangers with suitable process operating conditions are analyzed, and an attempt is made to put the information in a systematic order using the experience of manufacturers as a basis. It has been found that the published catalogs of industrial equipment do not contain sufficient data on the materials used, technologies for connecting heat transfer elements (tubes with the tube sheet, plates, and heat exchanger components), and working media. As regards the proposals on the choice of material embodiment, they are limited to just one or two solutions. On the contrary, the regulatory documents present more various versions of materials. In the scientific-technical literature, materials that have not been yet put in operation and have not been included in standards are considered; however, they form promising ways for the development of this area. The performed analysis of all of the above-mentioned information sources enabled us to draw up recommendations on the optimal material embodiments for each of the devices considered, which ensure compliance with the unit’s operating conditions, including the temperature ones.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 10","pages":"843 - 859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Russia’s New Energy Strategy Could Lead to Withdrawal from the Paris Agreement","authors":"V. V. Klimenko,&nbsp;A. V. Klimenko,&nbsp;A. G. Tereshin","doi":"10.1134/S004060152570048X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S004060152570048X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An analysis of greenhouse gas emissions from Russian energy sector was carried out in accordance with the Energy Strategy until 2050, and they were compared with the target indicators of the Low-Carbon Development Strategy of Russia until 2050. It was shown that fundamental trends in the development of global energy—the energy transition associated with the decarbonization of the global economy—were not taken into account when developing the Energy Strategy. The actual refusal to develop renewable energy sources and the failure to use carbon dioxide capture and storage technologies make it impossible to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality for the national economy by 2060, even taking into account the new increased estimates of carbon absorption by Russian forests. Ignoring the global trend towards abandoning coal fuel, recorded by authoritative national and foreign energy agencies (the Institute for Energy Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the International Energy Agency), has led to inflated estimates of Russian exports of this type of fuel, the world trade of which will decrease several times by 2050. Refined estimates of methane leaks during oil and gas production in Russia correspond in specific values to the indicators of other major producers of oil and gas resources (the United States and Canada), but are approximately two times lower than those obtained from the Earth’s remote sensing data. The main provisions of the two strategic documents on Russia’s development until the middle of the century contradict each other to a certain extent and, therefore, cannot be implemented simultaneously. The result of these contradictions could be Russia’s refusal to fulfill its pledges to decarbonize the economy and its withdrawal from the Paris Agreement, which will undoubtedly exacerbate the confrontation with growing global trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":799,"journal":{"name":"Thermal Engineering","volume":"72 10","pages":"791 - 801"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145335447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}