Annual review of biochemistry最新文献

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The Function, Structure, and Origins of the ER Membrane Protein Complex. 内质网膜蛋白复合物的功能、结构和起源。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104553
R. Hegde
{"title":"The Function, Structure, and Origins of the ER Membrane Protein Complex.","authors":"R. Hegde","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104553","url":null,"abstract":"The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of membrane protein insertion, folding, and assembly in eukaryotes. Over the past few years, a combination of genetic and biochemical studies have implicated an abundant factor termed the ER membrane protein complex (EMC) in several aspects of membrane protein biogenesis. This large nine-protein complex is built around a deeply conserved core formed by the EMC3-EMC6 subcomplex. EMC3 belongs to the universally conserved Oxa1 superfamily of membrane protein transporters, whereas EMC6 is an ancient, widely conserved obligate partner. EMC has an established role in the insertion of transmembrane domains (TMDs) and less understood roles during the later steps of membrane protein folding and assembly. Several recent structures suggest hypotheses about the mechanism(s) of TMD insertion by EMC, with various biochemical and proteomics studies beginning to reveal the range of EMC's membrane protein substrates. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48047746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Role of the TOM Complex in Protein Import into Mitochondria: Structural Views. TOM复合物在蛋白质导入线粒体中的作用:结构观点。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104527
Yuhei Araiso, K. Imai, T. Endo
{"title":"Role of the TOM Complex in Protein Import into Mitochondria: Structural Views.","authors":"Yuhei Araiso, K. Imai, T. Endo","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104527","url":null,"abstract":"Mitochondria are central to energy production, metabolism and signaling, and apoptosis. To make new mitochondria from preexisting mitochondria, the cell needs to import mitochondrial proteins from the cytosol into the mitochondria with the aid of translocators in the mitochondrial membranes. The translocase of the outer membrane (TOM) complex, an outer membrane translocator, functions as an entry gate for most mitochondrial proteins. Although high-resolution structures of the receptor subunits of the TOM complex were deposited in the early 2000s, those of entire TOM complexes became available only in 2019. The structural details of these TOM complexes, consisting of the dimer of the β-barrel import channel Tom40 and four α-helical membrane proteins, revealed the presence of several distinct paths and exits for the translocation of over 1,000 different mitochondrial precursor proteins. High-resolution structures of TOM complexes now open up a new era of studies on the structures, functions, and dynamics of the mitochondrial import system. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46544251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Ribonucleotide Incorporation by Eukaryotic B-family Replicases and Its Implications for Genome Stability. 真核生物b家族复制酶与核糖核苷酸的结合及其对基因组稳定性的影响。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-110354
Jessica S. Williams, T. Kunkel
{"title":"Ribonucleotide Incorporation by Eukaryotic B-family Replicases and Its Implications for Genome Stability.","authors":"Jessica S. Williams, T. Kunkel","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-110354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-110354","url":null,"abstract":"Our current view of how DNA-based genomes are efficiently and accurately replicated continues to evolve as new details emerge on the presence of ribonucleotides in DNA. Ribonucleotides are incorporated during eukaryotic DNA replication at rates that make them the most common noncanonical nucleotide placed into the nuclear genome, they are efficiently repaired, and their removal impacts genome integrity. This review focuses on three aspects of this subject: the incorporation of ribonucleotides into the eukaryotic nuclear genome during replication by B-family DNA replicases, how these ribonucleotides are removed, and the consequences of their presence or removal for genome stability and disease. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41923596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
High-resolution Single-molecule Magnetic Tweezers. 高分辨率单分子磁性镊子。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104637
Hyun-Kyu Choi, Hyun Gyu Kim, M. Shon, Tae-Young Yoon
{"title":"High-resolution Single-molecule Magnetic Tweezers.","authors":"Hyun-Kyu Choi, Hyun Gyu Kim, M. Shon, Tae-Young Yoon","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-032620-104637","url":null,"abstract":"Single-molecule magnetic tweezers deliver magnetic force and torque to single target molecules, permitting the study of dynamic changes in biomolecular structures and their interactions. Because the magnetic tweezer setups can generate magnetic fields that vary slowly over tens of millimeters-far larger than the nanometer scale of the single molecule events being observed-this technique can maintain essentially constant force levels during biochemical experiments while generating a biologically meaningful force on the order of 1-100 pN. When using bead-tether constructs to pull on single molecules, smaller magnetic beads and shorter submicrometer tethers improve dynamic response times and measurement precision. In addition, employing high-speed cameras, stronger light sources, and a graphics programming unit permits true high-resolution single-molecule magnetic tweezers that can track nanometer changes in target molecules on a millisecond or even submillisecond time scale. The unique force-clamping capacity of the magnetic tweezer technique provides a way to conduct measurements under near-equilibrium conditions and directly map the energy landscapes underlying various molecular phenomena. High-resolution single-molecule magnetic tweezers can thus be used to monitor crucial conformational changes in single-protein molecules, including those involved in mechanotransduction and protein folding. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48194579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Pathophysiology of the Innate Immune cGAS-cGAMP-STING Pathway. 天然免疫cGAS cGAMP STING通路的生物化学、细胞生物学和病理生理学。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-040320-101629
C. Ritchie, Jacqueline A. Carozza, Lingyin Li
{"title":"Biochemistry, Cell Biology, and Pathophysiology of the Innate Immune cGAS-cGAMP-STING Pathway.","authors":"C. Ritchie, Jacqueline A. Carozza, Lingyin Li","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-040320-101629","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-040320-101629","url":null,"abstract":"In the decade since the discovery of the innate immune cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)- 2'3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP)- stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, its proper activation and dysregulation have been rapidly implicated in many aspects of human disease. Understanding the biochemical, cellular, and regulatory mechanisms of this pathway is critical to developing therapeutic strategies that either harness it to boost defense or inhibit it to prevent unwanted inflammation. In this review, we first discuss how the second messenger cGAMP is synthesized by cGAS in response to double-stranded DNA and cGAMP's subsequent activation of cell-type-dependent STING signaling cascades with differential physiological consequences. We then review how cGAMP as an immunotransmitter mediates tightly controlled cell-cell communication by being exported from producing cells and imported into responding cells via cell-type-specific transporters. Finally, we review mechanisms by which the cGAS-cGAMP-STING pathway responds to different sources of mislocalized double-stranded DNA in pathogen defense, cancer, and autoimmune diseases. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49418859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Influence of Nonspecific Interactions on Protein Associations: Implications for Biochemistry In Vivo. 非特异性相互作用对蛋白质关联的影响:体内生物化学的意义。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2022-02-14 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-040320-104151
G. Rivas, A. Minton
{"title":"Influence of Nonspecific Interactions on Protein Associations: Implications for Biochemistry In Vivo.","authors":"G. Rivas, A. Minton","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-040320-104151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-040320-104151","url":null,"abstract":"The cellular interior is composed of a variety of microenvironments defined by distinct local compositions and composition-dependent intermolecular interactions. We review the various types of nonspecific interactions between proteins and between proteins and other macromolecules and supramolecular structures that influence the state of association and functional properties of a given protein existing within a particular microenvironment at a particular point in time. The present state of knowledge is summarized, and suggestions for fruitful directions of research are offered. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biochemistry, Volume 91 is June 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42327873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Summing up. 总结。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv6gqt8x.21
K. Bloch
{"title":"Summing up.","authors":"K. Bloch","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv6gqt8x.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv6gqt8x.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"56 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2021-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48208481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Molecular Epigenetics: Chemical Biology Tools Come of Age. 分子表观遗传学:化学生物学工具的成熟。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2021-06-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-080120-021109
John D Bagert, Tom W Muir
{"title":"Molecular Epigenetics: Chemical Biology Tools Come of Age.","authors":"John D Bagert,&nbsp;Tom W Muir","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-080120-021109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-080120-021109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The field of epigenetics has exploded over the last two decades, revealing an astonishing level of complexity in the way genetic information is stored and accessed in eukaryotes. This expansion of knowledge, which is very much ongoing, has been made possible by the availability of evermore sensitive and precise molecular tools. This review focuses on the increasingly important role that chemistry plays in this burgeoning field. In an effort to make these contributions more accessible to the nonspecialist, we group available chemical approaches into those that allow the covalent structure of the protein and DNA components of chromatin to be manipulated, those that allow the activity of myriad factors that act on chromatin to be controlled, and those that allow the covalent structure and folding of chromatin to be characterized. The application of these tools is illustrated through a series of case studies that highlight how the molecular precision afforded by chemistry is being used to establish causal biochemical relationships at the heart of epigenetic regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"90 ","pages":"287-320"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8284505/pdf/nihms-1718924.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10389631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
An Overview of Microcrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED). 微晶电子衍射(MicroED)综述。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2021-06-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-081720-020121
Xuelang Mu, Cody Gillman, Chi Nguyen, Tamir Gonen
{"title":"An Overview of Microcrystal Electron Diffraction (MicroED).","authors":"Xuelang Mu,&nbsp;Cody Gillman,&nbsp;Chi Nguyen,&nbsp;Tamir Gonen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-081720-020121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-081720-020121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The bedrock of drug discovery and a key tool for understanding cellular function and drug mechanisms of action is the structure determination of chemical compounds, peptides, and proteins. The development of new structure characterization tools, particularly those that fill critical gaps in existing methods, presents important steps forward for structural biology and drug discovery. The emergence of microcrystal electron diffraction (MicroED) expands the application of cryo-electron microscopy to include samples ranging from small molecules and membrane proteins to even large protein complexes using crystals that are one-billionth the size of those required for X-ray crystallography. This review outlines the conception, achievements, and exciting future trajectories for MicroED, an important addition to the existing biophysical toolkit.</p>","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"90 ","pages":"431-450"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2021-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9974886/pdf/nihms-1782092.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10806362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Myosin Family of Mechanoenzymes: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches. 肌球蛋白机械酶家族:从机制到治疗方法。
IF 16.6 1区 生物学
Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-13 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-105234
Darshan V Trivedi, Suman Nag, Annamma Spudich, Kathleen M Ruppel, James A Spudich
{"title":"The Myosin Family of Mechanoenzymes: From Mechanisms to Therapeutic Approaches.","authors":"Darshan V Trivedi, Suman Nag, Annamma Spudich, Kathleen M Ruppel, James A Spudich","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-105234","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-105234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myosins are among the most fascinating enzymes in biology. As extremely allosteric chemomechanical molecular machines, myosins are involved in myriad pivotal cellular functions and are frequently sites of mutations leading to disease phenotypes. Human β-cardiac myosin has proved to be an excellent target for small-molecule therapeutics for heart muscle diseases, and, as we describe here, other myosin family members are likely to be potentially unique targets for treating other diseases as well. The first part of this review focuses on how myosins convert the chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis into mechanical movement, followed by a description of existing therapeutic approaches to target human β-cardiac myosin. The next section focuses on the possibility of targeting nonmuscle members of the human myosin family for several diseases. We end the review by describing the roles of myosin in parasites and the therapeutic potential of targeting them to block parasitic invasion of their hosts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"89 ","pages":"667-693"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8742983/pdf/nihms-1710843.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37734952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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