Annual review of biochemistry最新文献_第10页

Imaging of DNA and RNA in Living Eukaryotic Cells to Reveal Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Gene Expression. 真核细胞DNA和RNA成像揭示基因表达的时空动态。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104955

Hanae Sato, Sulagna Das, Robert H Singer, Maria Vera

引用次数: 32

Current Understanding of the Mechanism of Water Oxidation in Photosystem II and Its Relation to XFEL Data. 光系统II中水氧化机理的最新认识及其与XFEL数据的关系。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104801

Nicholas Cox, Dimitrios A Pantazis, Wolfgang Lubitz

{"title":"Current Understanding of the Mechanism of Water Oxidation in Photosystem II and Its Relation to XFEL Data.","authors":"Nicholas Cox, Dimitrios A Pantazis, Wolfgang Lubitz","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104801","url":null,"abstract":"The investigation of water oxidation in photosynthesis has remained a central topic in biochemical research for the last few decades due to the importance of this catalytic process for technological applications. Significant progress has been made following the 2011 report of a high-resolution X-ray crystallographic structure resolving the site of catalysis, a protein-bound Mn4CaOx complex, which passes through ≥5 intermediate states in the water-splitting cycle. Spectroscopic techniques complemented by quantum chemical calculations aided in understanding the electronic structure of the cofactor in all (detectable) states of the enzymatic process. Together with isotope labeling, these techniques also revealed the binding of the two substrate water molecules to the cluster. These results are described in the context of recent progress using X-ray crystallography with free-electron lasers on these intermediates. The data are instrumental for developing a model for the biological water oxidation cycle.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"89 ","pages":"795-820"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104801","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37768801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 91

Biosynthesis and Export of Bacterial Glycolipids. 细菌糖脂的生物合成和输出。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-104707

Christopher A Caffalette, Jeremi Kuklewicz, Nicholas Spellmon, Jochen Zimmer

引用次数: 18

Structure and Mechanism of P-Type ATPase Ion Pumps. p型atp酶离子泵的结构与机理。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-12-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-010611-112801

Mateusz Dyla, Magnus Kjærgaard, Hanne Poulsen, Poul Nissen

引用次数: 83

Anti-CRISPRs: Protein Inhibitors of CRISPR-Cas Systems. 抗 CRISPRs：CRISPR-Cas系统的蛋白质抑制剂。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-18 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-111224

Alan R Davidson, Wang-Ting Lu, Sabrina Y Stanley, Jingrui Wang, Marios Mejdani, Chantel N Trost, Brian T Hicks, Jooyoung Lee, Erik J Sontheimer

{"title":"Anti-CRISPRs: Protein Inhibitors of CRISPR-Cas Systems.","authors":"Alan R Davidson, Wang-Ting Lu, Sabrina Y Stanley, Jingrui Wang, Marios Mejdani, Chantel N Trost, Brian T Hicks, Jooyoung Lee, Erik J Sontheimer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-111224","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-111224","url":null,"abstract":"Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) together with their accompanying cas (CRISPR-associated) genes are found frequently in bacteria and archaea, serving to defend against invading foreign DNA, such as viral genomes. CRISPR-Cas systems provide a uniquely powerful defense because they can adapt to newly encountered genomes. The adaptive ability of these systems has been exploited, leading to their development as highly effective tools for genome editing. The widespread use of CRISPR-Cas systems has driven a need for methods to control their activity. This review focuses on anti-CRISPRs (Acrs), proteins produced by viruses and other mobile genetic elements that can potently inhibit CRISPR-Cas systems. Discovered in 2013, there are now 54 distinct families of these proteins described, and the functional mechanisms of more than a dozen have been characterized in molecular detail. The investigation of Acrs is leading to a variety of practical applications and is providing exciting new insight into the biology of CRISPR-Cas systems.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"89 ","pages":"309-332"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-111224","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37749621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 76

Evaluating Enhancer Function and Transcription. 评估增强子功能和转录。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-095916

Andrew Field, Karen Adelman

{"title":"Evaluating Enhancer Function and Transcription.","authors":"Andrew Field, Karen Adelman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-095916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-095916","url":null,"abstract":"Cell-type- and condition-specific profiles of gene expression require coordination between protein-coding gene promoters and cis-regulatory sequences called enhancers. Enhancers can stimulate gene activity at great genomic distances from their targets, raising questions about how enhancers communicate with specific gene promoters and what molecular mechanisms underlie enhancer function. Characterization of enhancer loci has identified the molecular features of active enhancers that accompany the binding of transcription factors and local opening of chromatin. These characteristics include coactivator recruitment, histone modifications, and noncoding RNA transcription. However, it remains unclear which of these features functionally contribute to enhancer activity. Here, we discuss what is known about how enhancers regulate their target genes and how enhancers and promoters communicate. Further, we describe recent data demonstrating many similarities between enhancers and the gene promoters they control, and we highlight unanswered questions in the field, such as the potential roles of transcription at enhancers.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"89 ","pages":"213-234"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-095916","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37758156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 99

Quantifying Target Occupancy of Small Molecules Within Living Cells. 活细胞内小分子目标占用的定量分析。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-24 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-092302

M B Robers, R Friedman-Ohana, K V M Huber, L Kilpatrick, J D Vasta, B-T Berger, C Chaudhry, S Hill, S Müller, S Knapp, K V Wood

{"title":"Quantifying Target Occupancy of Small Molecules Within Living Cells.","authors":"M B Robers, R Friedman-Ohana, K V M Huber, L Kilpatrick, J D Vasta, B-T Berger, C Chaudhry, S Hill, S Müller, S Knapp, K V Wood","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-092302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-092302","url":null,"abstract":"The binding affinity and kinetics of target engagement are fundamental to establishing structure-activity relationships (SARs) for prospective therapeutic agents. Enhancing these binding parameters for operative targets, while minimizing binding to off-target sites, can translate to improved drug efficacy and a widened therapeutic window. Compound activity is typically assessed through modulation of an observed phenotype in cultured cells. Quantifying the corresponding binding properties under common cellular conditions can provide more meaningful interpretation of the cellular SAR analysis. Consequently, methods for assessing drug binding in living cells have advanced and are now integral to medicinal chemistry workflows. In this review, we survey key technological advancements that support quantitative assessments of target occupancy in cultured cells, emphasizing generalizable methodologies able to deliver analytical precision that heretofore required reductionist biochemical approaches.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"89 ","pages":"557-581"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-biochem-011420-092302","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37768803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

How Does the Ribosome Fold the Proteome? 核糖体如何折叠蛋白质组?

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-062917-012226

Anaïs M E Cassaignau, Lisa D Cabrita, John Christodoulou

引用次数: 36

Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Rubber Biosynthesis. 天然橡胶生物合成的分子机制。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111107

Satoshi Yamashita, Seiji Takahashi

{"title":"Molecular Mechanisms of Natural Rubber Biosynthesis.","authors":"Satoshi Yamashita, Seiji Takahashi","doi":"10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111107","url":null,"abstract":"Natural rubber (NR), principally comprising cis-1,4-polyisoprene, is an industrially important natural hydrocarbon polymer because of its unique physical properties, which render it suitable for manufacturing items such as tires. Presently, industrial NR production depends solely on latex obtained from the Pará rubber tree, Hevea brasiliensis. In latex, NR is enclosed in rubber particles, which are specialized organelles comprising a hydrophobic NR core surrounded by a lipid monolayer and membrane-bound proteins. The similarity of the basic carbon skeleton structure between NR and dolichols and polyprenols, which are found in most organisms, suggests that the NR biosynthetic pathway is related to the polyisoprenoid biosynthetic pathway and that rubber transferase, which is the key enzyme in NR biosynthesis, belongs to the cis-prenyltransferase family. Here, we review recent progress in the elucidation of molecular mechanisms underlying NR biosynthesis through the identification of the enzymes that are responsible for the formation of the NR backbone structure.","PeriodicalId":7980,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of biochemistry","volume":"89 ","pages":"821-851"},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-biochem-013118-111107","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37784516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 47

Christopher Dobson, 1949-2019: Mentor, Friend, Scientist Extraordinaire. 克里斯托弗·多布森，1949-2019:导师、朋友、非凡的科学家。

IF 16.6 1区生物学

Annual review of biochemistry Pub Date : 2020-06-20 Epub Date: 2020-04-28 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-011520-105226

Carol V Robinson

引用次数: 2