The Science of Nature最新文献

{"title":"Central-marginal dynamics in Dinoponera quadriceps (Hymenoptera, Formicidae): activity density, body reduction and functional divergence","authors":"Sabrina Medeiros,&nbsp;Bruno Mayrink,&nbsp;Jhonathan Silva,&nbsp;Ricardo Campos,&nbsp;Tatiana Cornelissen,&nbsp;Marcilio Fagundes","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02124-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02124-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Central-marginal hypothesis predicts that populations occurring at the periphery of a species’ geographic distribution experience more adverse environmental conditions, resulting in reduced population density, lower fitness, and potential morphological changes. In insects, morphological traits are strongly associated with ecological performance and resource acquisition, making them useful indicators of how populations respond to environmental gradients. Here, we investigated whether populations of the ant <i>Dinoponera quadriceps</i> differ in activity density and morphofunctional traits between the center and edge of the species’ geographic distribution along the Espinhaço Mountain Range, Brazil. Ants were sampled using pitfall traps in two sites approximately 610 km apart. Generalized Linear Mixed Models were used to evaluate differences in activity density and trait variation between sites, and a Principal Component Analysis summarized multivariate body size variation. The activity density of <i>D. quadriceps</i> was -higher in the central population in the full dataset but this difference was not robust to the removal of a single outlier trap. A positive correlation between D. quadriceps activity density and richness of other ant species was observed in the full dataset but also disappeared after outlier exclusion. Individuals from the marginal population exhibited significantly smaller overall body size. Additionally, trait-specific differences emerged, with marginal individuals displaying larger cephalic index, longer femora, and larger eyes. These findings suggest that peripheral environments impose energetic constraints that reduce body size while favoring morphological adjustments that enhance locomotor and sensory efficiency, highlighting the importance of intraspecific functional variation in understanding species responses at geographic range limits.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-026-02124-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biases and blind spots in the global research agenda on metallic pollution and bees","authors":"Fernando M. T. Martins,&nbsp;Cristiano Schetini de Azevedo,&nbsp;Diego G. Rocha,&nbsp;Diego H. A. de Melo,&nbsp;Marcelo C. Ribeiro,&nbsp;Sandra A. L. de Moura","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02125-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02125-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metallic pollution is an emerging and underappreciated stressor contributing to global bee declines, yet the evidence base remains fragmented across metals, taxa, endpoints, and geographic regions. Here, we provide the first hypothesis-driven scientometric synthesis of the global literature on metallic pollutants and bees. Using Web of Science records, we compiled 154 experimental and field-based studies and quantitatively tested five predictions regarding taxonomic, methodological, and thematic biases. Publication output increased sharply after 2013, with China, the United States, and Brazil leading research activity. Research effort was disproportionately concentrated on managed honey bees (<i>Apis mellifera</i> and <i>Apis cerana</i>), adult workers, and dietary exposure pathways, while larvae, wild bee taxa, and environmentally mediated exposures were less examined. Physiological, behavioural and mortality endpoints dominated the literature, whereas reproductive and microbiome impacts remained major blind spots. Adverse outcomes predominate across metals, although essential elements (Zn, Cu, Se) tended to produce less severe effects than non-essential toxic metals (Cd, Pb, Hg), this difference disappeared when exposure concentration and duration were considered. Experimental concentrations varied significantly among metals in food-based exposure studies, indicating substantial heterogeneity in dosing regimes across the literature. Multi-metal studies were not statistically underrepresented, although only a narrow subset of metal combinations has been repeatedly tested. Overall, this synthesis highlights strong structural biases in current knowledge production and identifies priorities for future research, including broader taxonomic coverage, inclusion of early life stages, standardised field-realistic exposures, and integration of chronic, sublethal, and multi-stressor scenarios. Expanding evidence toward more ecologically representative designs will be essential for robust risk assessment of metallic contamination in pollinator communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-026-02125-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148193864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Seed priming to induce seed germination, seedling growth and enzymatic activity in watermelon","authors":"Zarir Sharaf,&nbsp;Nasratullah Habibi,&nbsp;Amruddin Fakhri,&nbsp;Shah Mahmoud Faqiri","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02118-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02118-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Secretory structures in Mandevilla venulosa (Müll.Arg.) Woodson (Apocynaceae): morphoanatomy and histochemical characterization","authors":"Luís Henrique Bueno,&nbsp;Fabricio Antônio de Morais,&nbsp;Miller Melo Sanches,&nbsp;Karina Lucas Barbosa Lopes","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02120-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02120-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>Mandevilla venulosa</i> is an endemic species of rocky outcrops in high-altitude fields of the Serra da Pedra Branca, located in Caldas, Minas Gerais, Brazil, within the Atlantic Forest phytogeographic domain. Secretory structures are common in Apocynaceae and may provide useful anatomical and taxonomic information. This study aimed to describe the anatomy and histochemistry of colleters and laticifers in <i>M. venulosa</i>. Fresh vegetative samples were collected and processed using standard microscopy techniques and subjected to histochemical tests. The colleters observed correspond to the standard type, composed of a central parenchymatic region surrounded by a uniseriate palisade secretory epidermis, with dense cytoplasm and a thin cuticle. During the secretory phase, they release a viscous and translucent fluid. The secretion contains polysaccharides, mucilage, pectins, and proteins, compounds associated with protection against desiccation and microbial activity. Articulated and anastomosing laticifers occur in all vegetative organs, forming early in development and producing latexes with organ-specific chemical compositions: a milky, hydrophobic latex in aerial parts (rich in lipids, terpenoids, alkaloids, and phenolics) and a yellow, hydrophilic latex in the tuberous root (containing polysaccharides, mucilage, proteins, and phenolics). Colleters are involved in protecting developing regions and preventing the desiccation of young organs. On the other hand, laticifers contribute to herbivory control due to their phenolic composition. This study contributes to the anatomical knowledge of secretory structures in <i>Mandevilla</i>. Notably, it provides the first evidence that latex composition may vary among different organs within the same species, highlighting the relevance of including subterranean structures in future studies to better understand latex diversity in the genus.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-026-02120-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148136492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale modeling of habitat suitability and human-induced risk for the critically endangered white-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis) in South and Southeast Asia","authors":"Gulzaman William,&nbsp;Zafeer Saqib,&nbsp;Abdul Qadir,&nbsp;Ayesha Siddiqua,&nbsp;Zaki ul Zaman Asam,&nbsp;Mujahid Farid,&nbsp;Muhammad Jamshed Iqbal Chaudhry","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02122-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02122-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The White-rumped Vulture is a critically endangered species, facing rapid population declines across South and Southeast Asia due to habitat loss, anthropogenic disturbances, and toxicological pressures. This study uses species distribution modeling (SDM) to assess the current and future habitat suitability for the White-rumped Vulture across its geographic range in the region. We employed MaxEnt, a machine learning algorithm, to model habitat suitability based on 1,248 occurrence records from 2018 to 2024 and 19 bioclimatic, geomorphometric, and anthropogenic variables. The model achieved an excellent Area Under the Curve (AUC) value of 0.937, indicating strong predictive performance. Our results indicate that approximately 20.74% of the study area is currently classified as highly suitable habitat, with India, Pakistan, and Nepal hosting the most significant extents. However, projections for 2040, 2070, and 2100 under two Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs) SSP 126 (low emission) and SSP 370 (high emission) predict significant habitat loss, particularly under SSP 370, where highly suitable habitat may decrease by up to 60% by 2100. The study also identifies substantial gaps in conservation infrastructure, with over 88% of the highly suitable habitat unprotected. This study highlights the urgent need for region-specific conservation strategies that integrate habitat protection, restoration, and the mitigation of toxicological risks to ensure the long-term survival of the White-rumped Vulture.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture><span>The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.</span></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148040357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of fire extinguisher dry powder as an “in situ” development powder for latent fingermarks","authors":"Deejay Suen-yui Mak,&nbsp;Zhong-Ping Yao","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02119-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02119-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Latent fingermarks are present on surfaces of evidence items in many cases. However, current fingermark development methods fail to detect all the invisible fingermarks, and it can be very time consuming and labour-intensive when processing large crime scenes and bulky evidence items with large surface areas. In this study, an “in situ” latent fingermark detection method that makes use of dry powder from a fire extinguisher was evaluated. Its selectivity and sensitivity were compared with those of the current fingermark development methods using traditional fingerprint powders and cyanoacrylate fuming. Powders in three commercial brands of fire extinguishers were first characterized using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The analysis revealed the diverse morphological characteristics of the powders, ranging from curved, irregular to sharp-edged forms. This study involved the development and evaluation of over 1700 fingermarks deposited by three donors. Similar to traditional fingerprint powders, Eversafe fire extinguisher dry powder displayed notable superiority in developing sebaceous and natural fingermarks by giving sufficient ridge details and clear secondary details on various glass substrates, whereas cyanoacrylate fuming proved to be less effective in comparison. Even for old fingermarks aged up to 12 weeks old, over 88% had a grade of 3 or 4 and were categorized as “useful” for potential identification, which has provided preliminary evidence for the feasibility of using fire extinguisher dry powders for the development of latent fingermarks. The results indicated that the fingermark detection method was quick, simple and cost-effective, highlighting the need for further investigation into the capabilities and limitations of this approach using a larger cohort of donors to simulate operational conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quaternary tufas of the western Potiguar Basin, Brazil: rapid xeromorphic adaptation and climate change inferred from sedimentology, paleobotany, and fossil diagenesis","authors":"Tito Aureliano,&nbsp;Lorenzo Correa,&nbsp;Aline M. Ghilardi,&nbsp;Marcelle Erthal,&nbsp;Tarsila B. Dantas,&nbsp;Cayo C. C. Pontes,&nbsp;Marciana L. Lima,&nbsp;Rubson Maia,&nbsp;Bruno Belila Rusinelli,&nbsp;Francisco Santiago,&nbsp;Francisco P. Lima-Filho,&nbsp;Fresia S. Ricardi-Branco,&nbsp;Francisco H. R. Bezerra","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02098-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02098-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quaternary tufa carbonates from Brazil’s Potiguar Basin provide unique insights into the interplay of biogenic, hydrological, and climatic factors driving continental carbonate precipitation in tropical low-energy environments. This study systematically characterizes the depositional, taphonomic, and diagenetic features of the tufa deposits resulting from the dissolution of rocks from the Formação Jandaíra that overlie the lithotypes of the Formação Açu at the Quixeré locality (westernmost Potiguar Basin). We employed a multi-scalar analysis encompassing macroscopic description, petrographic thin-section analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), paleobotanical analysis, and digital porosimetry. Paleobotanical analysis of leaf morphotypes quantifies a major climatic transition, from a humid tropical paleoenvironment that supported a mesophytic forest (MAT: 25.4–25.9 °C; MAP: 515–779 mm/year) to the modern xeromorphic Caatinga biome. This study indicates that the Quixeré tufas are high-resolution archives that concurrently record the sedimentological response to fluctuating depositional energy, the diagenetic pathways of continental carbonates, and the ecological turnover driven by late Quaternary aridification. The findings provide a model for interpreting tropical paleoenvironments and understanding the development of complex pore systems in heterogeneous carbonate successions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00114-026-02098-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148009930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jump now, pay later: saltatory behavior trades off with body mass and facilitates shelter repair in a seed-dwelling insect","authors":"Kalina Palas,&nbsp;Meharin Nusrath,&nbsp;Doris L. Tung,&nbsp;Michela Volpe,&nbsp;Alexandra M. Martin,&nbsp;Lindsey Swierk","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02110-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02110-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Many animals inhabit spatially confined shelters that provide protection but impose sensory and energetic constraints. In the Mexican jumping bean moth, <i>Cydia saltitans</i>, larvae use saltatory (“jumping”) movements to relocate their shelters (i.e., parasitized seeds) away from aversive stimuli, potentially at a high energetic cost. We tested whether these movements trade off with larval energetic reserves, development, and shelter repair. We placed larvae in one of two treatments: a control group allowed to move freely, and a stationary group in which shelter movement was physically prevented, and we quantified seed wall repair time following induced damage, larval body mass as a proxy for fat reserves, and head capsule width as a developmental stage proxy. Stationary larvae exhibited significantly higher body mass than control larvae, suggesting an energetic cost to saltatory behavior, although developmental stage did not differ between treatments. However, control larvae repaired shelter damage significantly more quickly than stationary individuals. Free movement might enable larvae to optimize positioning and leverage for repair, highlighting another adaptive function of saltatory movements, or might better promote hormone levels that support silk production for repair. Our findings highlight how individuals may prioritize energy allocation for movement, despite the energetic costs, in spatially confined and resource-limited systems. Understanding this balance provides broader insight into the evolution of behavioral and physiological strategies in species adapted to spatial or energetic constraints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13194209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147979926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and model-based assessment of environmental factors affecting Desmodesmus abundans productivity","authors":"Fatemeh Modares,&nbsp;Somayeh Mojtabavi,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Faramarzi,&nbsp;Alireza Einifar","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02116-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02116-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The microalga <i>Desmodesmus abundans</i> holds promise as a feedstock for diverse applications; however, optimizing its cultivation requires understanding key physicochemical parameters. This study investigated the impact of nitrogen availability, pH, inoculum density, harvesting frequency, temperature, and geographical orientation on <i>D. abundans</i> growth and lipid production. Indoor experiments revealed optimal biomass and chlorophyll accumulation at 1.5 g L⁻¹ NaNO₃ and pH 9.5. Harvesting intensity demonstrated a trade‑off: higher rates (50–70%) promoted rapid regrowth but extended recovery periods, whereas moderate harvesting (30%) maximized biomass retention. Thermal tolerance assessment showed cell viability declined sharply at temperatures exceeding 40 °C, indicating greater susceptibility to heat than cold. Outdoor cultivation was conducted in July and December to capture the two extremes of natural light conditions: July represents peak summer with high light irradiance and the highest solar angles of the year, while December corresponds to winter conditions with low light irradiance and the lowest solar angles of the year. South‑facing orientation produced the highest biomass, chlorophyll, and lipid content (32.0% in July), while north orientation yielded the lowest productivity. Partial least squares modeling confirmed that daylight exposure and geographical orientation were primary drivers of growth (R² = 0.881) and lipid content (R² = 0.846), with seasonal variation exerting a strong negative effect on lipid accumulation. These findings provide crucial data for optimizing <i>D. abundans</i> cultivation under controlled and outdoor conditions for sustainable biomass and lipid production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147969577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvent-free synthesis of quinazolinone–chalcone hybrids and their evaluation as dual inhibitors of AChE and BuChE for alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Mohamed El-Naggar,&nbsp;Sami A. Al-Hussain,&nbsp;Basant Farag,&nbsp;Manal S. Ebaid,&nbsp;Mohammad Alhilal,&nbsp;Magdi E. A. Zaki,&nbsp;Suzan Alhilal,&nbsp;Sobhi M. Gomha","doi":"10.1007/s00114-026-02112-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00114-026-02112-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A new set of quinazolin-4-one–based chalcones was prepared from 3-(4-acetylphenyl)-2- methylquinazolin-4(3<i>H</i>)-one (<b>1</b>) via a base-catalyzed Claisen–Schmidt condensation with substituted aromatic aldehydes. Synthesis was conducted using either a conventional NaOH/EtOH protocol or a solvent-minimized mechanochemical grinding approach. The grinding method delivered chalcones <b>3a–j</b> and <b>5 </b>in improved yields (85–94%) within 15–25 min, compared with 65–72% over 12–20 h for the solution method. Product structures were verified by spectroscopic and elemental analyses. The anti-Alzheimer’s potential was investigated through molecular docking of the complete series to propose binding modes and prioritize candidates, followed by in vitro evaluation of the five top-ranked compounds (<b>3e, 3f, 5, 3i, and 3 h</b>) for AChE and BuChE inhibition relative to donepezil. In vitro assays revealed the following IC₅₀ values for the compounds against AChE and BuChE: <b>3e</b> (0.751 ± 0.023 µg/mL for AChE, 0.108 ± 0.003 µg/mL for BuChE), <b>3f </b>(1.283 ± 0.039 µg/mL for AChE, 0.383 ± 0.01 µg/mL for BuChE), and <b>5</b> (2.148 ± 0.066 µg/mL for AChE, 1.212 ± 0.04 µg/mL for BuChE). These values suggest that <b>3e</b> was the most promising dual inhibitor, outperforming donepezil in both AChE and BuChE inhibition. Docking outcomes agreed with the experimental trends, supporting this scaffold as a promising platform for dual cholinesterase inhibition. In silico ADMET assessment further indicated drug-like characteristics with predicted high oral bioavailability, supporting further lead optimization for Alzheimer’s disease therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":794,"journal":{"name":"The Science of Nature","volume":"113 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147961829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}