{"title":"A Fish Eye View: Retinal Morphogenesis from Optic Cup to Neuronal Lamination.","authors":"Caren Norden","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-012023-013036","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-012023-013036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The neural retina, at the back of the eye, is a fascinating system to use to discover how cells form tissues in the context of the developing nervous system. The retina is the tissue responsible for perception and transmission of visual information from the environment. It consists of five types of neurons and one type of glia cells that are arranged in a highly organized, layered structure to assure visual information flow. To reach this highly ordered arrangement, intricate morphogenic movements are occurring at the cell and tissue levels. I here discuss recent advances made to understand retinal development, from optic cup formation to neuronal layering. It becomes clear that these complex morphogenetic processes must be studied by taking the cellular as well as the tissue-wide aspects into account. The loop has to be closed between exploring how cell behavior influences tissue development and how the surrounding tissue itself influences single cells. Furthermore, it was recently revealed that the retina is a great system to study neuronal migration phenomena, and more is yet to be discovered in this aspect. Constantly developing imaging and image analysis toolboxes as well as the use of machine learning and synthetic biology make the retina the perfect system to explore more of its exciting neurodevelopmental biology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":" ","pages":"175-196"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9758249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tissue Biology: In Search of a New Paradigm.","authors":"Miri Adler, Arun R Chavan, Ruslan Medzhitov","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-113830","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-113830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Animal tissues are made up of multiple cell types that are increasingly well-characterized, yet our understanding of the core principles that govern tissue organization is still incomplete. This is in part because many observable tissue characteristics, such as cellular composition and spatial patterns, are emergent properties, and as such, they cannot be explained through the knowledge of individual cells alone. Here we propose a complex systems theory perspective to address this fundamental gap in our understanding of tissue biology. We introduce the concept of cell categories, which is based on cell relations rather than cell identity. Based on these notions we then discuss common principles of tissue modularity, introducing compositional, structural, and functional tissue modules. Cell diversity and cell relations provide a basis for a new perspective on the underlying principles of tissue organization in health and disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":" ","pages":"67-89"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10053735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanisms of Regeneration and Fibrosis in the Endometrium.","authors":"Claire J Ang, Taylor D Skokan, Kara L McKinley","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-011723-021442","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-011723-021442","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The uterine lining (endometrium) regenerates repeatedly over the life span as part of its normal physiology. Substantial portions of the endometrium are shed during childbirth (parturition) and, in some species, menstruation, but the tissue is rapidly rebuilt without scarring, rendering it a powerful model of regeneration in mammals. Nonetheless, following some assaults, including medical procedures and infections, the endometrium fails to regenerate and instead forms scars that may interfere with normal endometrial function and contribute to infertility. Thus, the endometrium provides an exceptional platform to answer a central question of regenerative medicine: Why do some systems regenerate while others scar? Here, we review our current understanding of diverse endometrial disruption events in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents, and the associated mechanisms of regenerative success and failure. Elucidating the determinants of these disparate repair processes promises insights into fundamental mechanisms of mammalian regeneration with substantial implications for reproductive health.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":"39 ","pages":"197-221"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tissue Morphogenesis Through Dynamic Cell and Matrix Interactions.","authors":"Di Wu, Kenneth M Yamada, Shaohe Wang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-020223-031019","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-020223-031019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multicellular organisms generate tissues of diverse shapes and functions from cells and extracellular matrices. Their adhesion molecules mediate cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, which not only play crucial roles in maintaining tissue integrity but also serve as key regulators of tissue morphogenesis. Cells constantly probe their environment to make decisions: They integrate chemical and mechanical information from the environment via diffusible ligand- or adhesion-based signaling to decide whether to release specific signaling molecules or enzymes, to divide or differentiate, to move away or stay, or even whether to live or die. These decisions in turn modify their environment, including the chemical nature and mechanical properties of the extracellular matrix. Tissue morphology is the physical manifestation of the remodeling of cells and matrices by their historical biochemical and biophysical landscapes. We review our understanding of matrix and adhesion molecules in tissue morphogenesis, with an emphasis on key physical interactions that drive morphogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":" ","pages":"123-144"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9633583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michel C Milinkovitch, Ebrahim Jahanbakhsh, Szabolcs Zakany
{"title":"The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Reaction Diffusion in Vertebrate Skin Color Patterning.","authors":"Michel C Milinkovitch, Ebrahim Jahanbakhsh, Szabolcs Zakany","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120319-024414","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120319-024414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1952, Alan Turing published the reaction-diffusion (RD) mathematical framework, laying the foundations of morphogenesis as a self-organized process emerging from physicochemical first principles. Regrettably, this approach has been widely doubted in the field of developmental biology. First, we summarize Turing's line of thoughts to alleviate the misconception that RD is an artificial mathematical construct. Second, we discuss why phenomenological RD models are particularly effective for understanding skin color patterning at the meso/macroscopic scales, without the need to parameterize the profusion of variables at lower scales. More specifically, we discuss how RD models (<i>a</i>) recapitulate the diversity of actual skin patterns, (<i>b</i>) capture the underlying dynamics of cellular interactions, (<i>c</i>) interact with tissue size and shape, (<i>d</i>) can lead to ordered sequential patterning, (<i>e</i>) generate cellular automaton dynamics in lizards and snakes, (<i>f</i>) predict actual patterns beyond their statistical features, and (<i>g</i>) are robust to model variations. Third, we discuss the utility of linear stability analysis and perform numerical simulations to demonstrate how deterministic RD emerges from the underlying chaotic microscopic agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":"39 ","pages":"145-174"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When We Publish: Accuracy and Quality Control in the Time of Open Access.","authors":"Ruth Lehmann","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cb-39-091823-100001","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cb-39-091823-100001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":"39 ","pages":"v-ix"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Filopodia In Vitro and In Vivo.","authors":"Thomas C A Blake, Jennifer L Gallop","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-020223-025210","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-020223-025210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Filopodia are dynamic cell surface protrusions used for cell motility, pathogen infection, and tissue development. The molecular mechanisms determining how and where filopodia grow and retract need to integrate mechanical forces and membrane curvature with extracellular signaling and the broader state of the cytoskeleton. The involved actin regulatory machinery nucleates, elongates, and bundles actin filaments separately from the underlying actin cortex. The refined membrane and actin geometry of filopodia, importance of tissue context, high spatiotemporal resolution required, and high degree of redundancy all limit current models. New technologies are improving opportunities for functional insight, with reconstitution of filopodia in vitro from purified components, endogenous genetic modification, inducible perturbation systems, and the study of filopodia in multicellular environments. In this review, we explore recent advances in conceptual models of how filopodia form, the molecules involved in this process, and our latest understanding of filopodia in vitro and in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":" ","pages":"307-329"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Logic of Transgenerational Inheritance: Timescales of Adaptation.","authors":"Titas Sengupta, Rachel Kaletsky, Coleen T Murphy","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-020923-114620","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-020923-114620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myriad mechanisms have evolved to adapt to changing environments. Environmental stimuli alter organisms' physiology to create memories of previous environments. Whether these environmental memories can cross the generational barrier has interested scientists for centuries. The logic of passing on information from generation to generation is not well understood. When is it useful to remember ancestral conditions, and when might it be deleterious to continue to respond to a context that may no longer exist? The key might be found in understanding the environmental conditions that trigger long-lasting adaptive responses. We discuss the logic that biological systems may use to remember environmental conditions. Responses spanning different generational timescales employ different molecular machineries and may result from differences in the duration or intensity of the exposure. Understanding the molecular components of multigenerational inheritance and the logic underlying beneficial and maladaptive adaptations is fundamental to understanding how organisms acquire and transmit environmental memories across generations.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":" ","pages":"45-65"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9668705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rachel A Howard-Till, Usha Pallabi Kar, Amy S Fabritius, Mark Winey
{"title":"Recent Advances in Ciliate Biology.","authors":"Rachel A Howard-Till, Usha Pallabi Kar, Amy S Fabritius, Mark Winey","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-020656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-020656","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ciliates are a diverse group of unicellular eukaryotes that vary widely in size, shape, body plan, and ecological niche. Here, we review recent research advances achieved with ciliate models. Studies on patterning and regeneration have been revived in the giant ciliate <i>Stentor</i>, facilitated by modern omics methods. Cryo-electron microscopy and tomography have revolutionized the structural study of complex macromolecules such as telomerase, ribozymes, and axonemes. DNA elimination, gene scrambling, and mating type determination have been deciphered, revealing interesting adaptations of processes that have parallels in other kingdoms of life. Studies of common eukaryotic processes, such as intracellular trafficking, meiosis, and histone modification, reveal conservation as well as unique adaptations in these organisms that are evolutionarily distant from other models. Continual improvement of genetic and molecular tools makes ciliates accessible models for all levels of education and research. Such advances open new avenues of research and highlight the importance of ciliate research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":"38 ","pages":"75-102"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10266400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adhesion-Based Self-Organization in Tissue Patterning.","authors":"Tony Y-C Tsai, Rikki M Garner, Sean G Megason","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-100215","DOIUrl":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-120420-100215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the proposal of the differential adhesion hypothesis, scientists have been fascinated by how cell adhesion mediates cellular self-organization to form spatial patterns during development. The search for molecular tool kits with homophilic binding specificity resulted in a diverse repertoire of adhesion molecules. Recent understanding of the dominant role of cortical tension over adhesion binding redirects the focus of differential adhesion studies to the signaling function of adhesion proteins to regulate actomyosin contractility. The broader framework of differential interfacial tension encompasses both adhesion and nonadhesion molecules, sharing the common function of modulating interfacial tension during cell sorting to generate diverse tissue patterns. Robust adhesion-based patterning requires close coordination between morphogen signaling, cell fate decisions, and changes in adhesion. Current advances in bridging theoretical and experimental approaches present exciting opportunities to understand molecular, cellular, and tissue dynamics during adhesion-based tissue patterning across multiple time and length scales.</p>","PeriodicalId":7944,"journal":{"name":"Annual review of cell and developmental biology","volume":"38 ","pages":"349-374"},"PeriodicalIF":11.3,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9547846/pdf/nihms-1829398.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10701842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}