Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee最新文献_第5页

The effects of moderate, strenuous, and overtraining on oxidative stress markers and DNA repair in rat liver. 中度、剧烈和过度训练对大鼠肝脏氧化应激标志物和DNA修复的影响。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-114

Helga Ogonovszky, Maria Sasvári, Agoston Dosek, István Berkes, Takao Kaneko, Shoichi Tahara, Hideko Nakamoto, Sataro Goto, Zsolt Radák

{"title":"The effects of moderate, strenuous, and overtraining on oxidative stress markers and DNA repair in rat liver.","authors":"Helga Ogonovszky, Maria Sasvári, Agoston Dosek, István Berkes, Takao Kaneko, Shoichi Tahara, Hideko Nakamoto, Sataro Goto, Zsolt Radák","doi":"10.1139/h05-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-114","url":null,"abstract":"Physical exercise above a certain load has been suggested as being a cause of oxidative stress. We have tested whether training with moderate (MT), strenuous (ST), or over (OT) load can cause alterations in the activities of antioxidant enzymes, lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation, DNA damage, or activity of 8-oxoG-DNA glycosylase (OGG1) in rat liver. The levels of corticosterone decreased in all exercising groups but the differences were not significant. Adrenocorticotrophin hormone (ACTH) levels decreased, not significantly, in MT and OT compared to C. Activity levels of antioxidant enzymes did not change significantly in the liver. The levels of reactive carbonyl derivative (RCD) content decreased in the liver of exercising animals, and the differences reached significance between control and moderately trained groups. The changes in the levels of lipid peroxidation (LIPOX) were not significant, but were lower in the exercised groups. The 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels increased in the OT group, and the activity of OGG1 measured from crude cell extracts tended to increase in MT and ST. The findings of this study imply that overtraining induces oxidative damage to nuclear DNA, but not to liver lipids and proteins.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 2","pages":"186-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-114","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25157467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 103

Skin cooling alters the activation patterns of different heads of the quadriceps. 皮肤冷却会改变股四头肌不同头部的激活模式。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-110

Ryuta Kinugasa, Kazumasa Yoshida, Takayuki Watanabe, Kousuke Kuchiki, Akira Horii

{"title":"Skin cooling alters the activation patterns of different heads of the quadriceps.","authors":"Ryuta Kinugasa, Kazumasa Yoshida, Takayuki Watanabe, Kousuke Kuchiki, Akira Horii","doi":"10.1139/h05-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-110","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of selective skin cooling over m. vastus lateralis (VL) on the activation patterns of quadriceps femoris muscle during knee extension exercise (KEE) using muscle function magnetic resonance imaging (mfMRI). The isometric force production of the right thigh was tested in 7 healthy young men at maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), and the transverse relaxation time (T2) value was taken from mfMR images at rest and immediately after KEE with 4 sets of 10 repetitions at a load equal to 60% of their 10-rep maximum, with and without skin cooling. The cooling was carried out by ice pack on the surface of the skin of the VL for 3 min before resting mfMRI and MVC tests, and before KEE, during KEE, and during the KEE rest intervals. The percent change in T2 of the m. vastus intermedius was significantly increased by skin cooling in comparison to the change without skin cooling, p < 0.05. This result suggests that skin cooling alters the activation pattern of the different heads of the quadriceps.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 2","pages":"127-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25157462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Effects of pregnancy on maternal work tolerance. 妊娠对产妇工作耐受性的影响。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-116

Larry A Wolfe, Sarah A Charlesworth, Nicole M Glenn, Aaron P Heenan, Gregory A L Davies

{"title":"Effects of pregnancy on maternal work tolerance.","authors":"Larry A Wolfe, Sarah A Charlesworth, Nicole M Glenn, Aaron P Heenan, Gregory A L Davies","doi":"10.1139/h05-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-116","url":null,"abstract":"This review summarizes current information on the tolerance of healthy pregnant women and their fetuses to acute strenuous exertion. Maximal aerobic power, expressed in L x min(-1), is not significantly affected in women who maintain an active lifestyle, whereas values expressed in ml x kg(-1) x min(-1) decline with advancing gestational age in relation to maternal/fetal weight gain. Efficiency during standard exercise testing and the ventilatory anaerobic threshold (Tvent) also appear to be unaffected by pregnancy, but the ability to utilize carbohydrate and exercise anaerobically during brief strenuous exercise may be reduced. Fetal responses to short strenuous exercise are usually moderate and revert to baseline values within approximately 30 min postexercise. Future studies should examine alveolar gas exchange kinetics at the start of exercise and during recovery from both moderate and strenuous exertion. Existing studies of the responses of pregnant women to prolonged exercise have focused primarily on substrate utilization and glucose homeostasis. Other maternal responses to prolonged exercise that should be examined include acid-base regulation, temperature regulation, fluid and electrolyte balance, and perception of effort. Fetal reactions should also be examined in relation to maternal responses. Until evidence-based, occupation-specific guidelines become available, it is recommended that pregnant women use the Joint SOGC/CSEP Clinical Practice Guideline: Exercise in Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period, published by the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada and the Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology (2003).","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 2","pages":"212-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-116","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25158502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Low levels of recall among adult Canadians of the CSEP/Health Canada physical activity guidelines. 加拿大成年人对CSEP/加拿大卫生部体育活动指南的召回率低。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-118

Adrian Bauman, Cora Lynn Craig, Christine Cameron

引用次数: 17

Effects of different types of exercise on body composition and fat distribution in HIV-infected patients: a brief review. 不同类型运动对hiv感染者身体成分和脂肪分布的影响:简要综述

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-04-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-117

Florin M Malita, Antony D Karelis, Emil Toma, Remi Rabasa-Lhoret

{"title":"Effects of different types of exercise on body composition and fat distribution in HIV-infected patients: a brief review.","authors":"Florin M Malita, Antony D Karelis, Emil Toma, Remi Rabasa-Lhoret","doi":"10.1139/h05-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-117","url":null,"abstract":"HIV infection and its treatment is associated with unfavourable metabolic and morphological abnormalities. These metabolic abnormalities, particularly alterations in body composition and fat distribution, may increase the risk for cardiovascular and metabolic complications, as well as reduce functional independence and lower self-esteem. Thus there is an urgent need to develop interventions intended to manage secondary side effects of HIV or antiretroviral therapy-related complications. In poly-treated patients, nonpharmacological interventions are a logical first step. Exercise training in particular may help alleviate some of the metabolic adverse effects associated with antiretroviral therapy by favourably altering body composition and patterns of body fat distribution. Studies have shown that exercise training, particularly aerobic training, can help reduce total body and visceral fat, as well as normalizing lipid profiles in HIV-infected patients. The results for resistance training, however, are less conclusive. Knowledge of the use of resistance and aerobic training and its attendant effects on insulin resistance and adipocytokines may represent an effective nonpharmacologic means for treating metabolic complications of HIV-infected persons who are receiving appropriate antiretroviral therapy. In this brief review we examine the effects of aerobic and resistance training on body composition, body fat distribution, and selected metabolic outcomes.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 2","pages":"233-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-117","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25158503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 38

Resting membrane potential of rat plantaris muscle fibers after prolonged indirect stimulation in situ: effect of glucose infusion. 长时间间接原位刺激后大鼠足底肌纤维静息膜电位:葡萄糖输注的影响。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-02-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-108

Antony D Karelis, François Péronnet, Phillip F Gardiner

{"title":"Resting membrane potential of rat plantaris muscle fibers after prolonged indirect stimulation in situ: effect of glucose infusion.","authors":"Antony D Karelis, François Péronnet, Phillip F Gardiner","doi":"10.1139/h05-108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-108","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine whether glucose infusion during prolonged indirect muscle stimulation (50 Hz for 200 ms every 2.7 s at 5 V) would have an effect on resting membrane potential (RMP). The RMP measured at Min 1 in the recovery period following stimulation of the rat plantaris muscle for 60 min in situ was significantly decreased in control rats, but was back to baseline values within 2 min. When glucose was infused ([glucose] approximately 10 mM), no change was observed in RMP, and muscle fatigue and the reduction in M-wave peak-to-peak amplitude were both attenuated. However, muscle force and the electrical properties of the membrane were deteriorated both in rats infused with glucose and in control rats at Min 2 during the recovery period, at a time when RMP was not modified. These observations suggest that the effect of increased circulating glucose on fatigue-associated reductions in muscle fiber RMP seems to be modest and short-lived. Therefore, the attenuating effect of elevated glucose on muscle fatigue responses could be through mechanisms other than those associated with maintenance of RMP during fatigue.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 1","pages":"105-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-108","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25079917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Food habits and nutritional status assessment of adolescent soccer players. A necessary and accurate approach. 青少年足球运动员饮食习惯及营养状况评估。必要和准确的方法。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-02-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-102

Eduardo Iglesias-Gutiérrez, Pablo M García-Rovés, Carmen Rodríguez, Socorro Braga, Pedro García-Zapico, Angeles M Patterson

{"title":"Food habits and nutritional status assessment of adolescent soccer players. A necessary and accurate approach.","authors":"Eduardo Iglesias-Gutiérrez, Pablo M García-Rovés, Carmen Rodríguez, Socorro Braga, Pedro García-Zapico, Angeles M Patterson","doi":"10.1139/h05-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-102","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the food habits and nutritional status of high level adolescent soccer players (N = 33; ages 14-16 yrs) living in their home environment. Body composition (height, mass, skinfolds), biochemical and hematological parameters, performance in soccer-specific tests (sprinting, jumping, intermittent endurance), and dietary intake (weighed food intake method) and related behaviors (nutrient supplement use, daily activity profile) were assessed. Daily energy expenditure and energy intake were 12.5 MJ and 12.6 MJ, respectively. Protein (16% of energy intake; 1.9 g/kg of body mass), lipid (38%), and cholesterol (385 mg) intake were above recommendations, while carbohydrates (45%) were below. The food intake of these adolescents was based on cereals and derivates; meat, fish, and eggs; milk and dairy products; biscuits and confectionery; and oil, butter and margarine, which provided 78% of total energy intake, 85% of proteins, 64% of carbohydrates, 90% of lipids, and 47% of fiber. Although diet provided sufficient iron, 48% of individuals showed iron deficiency without anemia. Based on these results, a well designed nutrition intervention would be advisable for optimizing performance, and especially for promoting healthy eating habits in adolescent soccer players.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 1","pages":"18-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25079911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 72

Effects of long-term tennis playing on the muscle-bone relationship in the dominant and nondominant forearms. 长期打网球对优势和非优势前臂肌肉-骨骼关系的影响。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-02-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-101

Gaële Ducher, Christelle Jaffré, Alexandre Arlettaz, Claude-Laurent Benhamou, Daniel Courteix

{"title":"Effects of long-term tennis playing on the muscle-bone relationship in the dominant and nondominant forearms.","authors":"Gaële Ducher, Christelle Jaffré, Alexandre Arlettaz, Claude-Laurent Benhamou, Daniel Courteix","doi":"10.1139/h05-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-101","url":null,"abstract":"The relationship between muscle strength and bone mineral density illustrates the positive effect of mechanical loading on bone. But local and systemic factors may affect both muscle and bone tissues. This study investigated the effects of long-term tennis playing on the relationship between lean tissue mass and bone mineral content in the forearms, taking the body dimensions into account. Fifty-two tennis players (age 24.2 +/- 5.8 yrs, 16.2 +/- 6.1 yrs of practice) were recruited. Lean tissue mass (LTM), bone area, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density were measured at the forearms from a DXA whole-body scan. Grip strength was assessed with a dynamometer. A marked side-to-side difference (p < 0.0001) was found in favor of the dominant forearm in all parameters. Bone area and BMC correlated with grip strength on both sides (r = 0.81-0.84, p < 0.0001). The correlations were still significant after adjusting for whole-body BMC, body height, or forearm length. This result reinforced the putative role of the muscles in the mechanical loading on bones. In addition, forearm BMC adjusted to LTM or grip strength was higher on the dominant side, suggesting that tennis playing exerts a direct effect on bone.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 1","pages":"3-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25079910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 80

The isocapnic buffering phase and mechanical efficiency: relationship to cycle time trial performance of short and long duration. 等容缓冲阶段与机械效率:与循环时间试验性能的关系。

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-02-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-104

David J Bentley, Veronica E Vleck, Gregoire P Millet

{"title":"The isocapnic buffering phase and mechanical efficiency: relationship to cycle time trial performance of short and long duration.","authors":"David J Bentley, Veronica E Vleck, Gregoire P Millet","doi":"10.1139/h05-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/h05-104","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the isocapnic buffer (beta(isocapnic)) and hypocapnic hyperventilation (HHV) phases as well as performance in a short (20-min) and long (90-min) time trial (TT) in trained athletes. In addition, gross (GE, %) and delta (deltaE, %) efficiency were calculated and the relationship between these variables and the average power output (W) in each TT was determined. Thirteen male endurance athletes (Mean +/- SD age 31 +/- 6 yrs; body mass 75.6 +/- 6.3 kg; height 185 +/- 6 cm) completed a continuous incremental test to exhaustion for determination of the beta(isocapnic) and HHV phases. A second submaximal test was used to determine GE and deltaE. The average power output (W) was measured in a 20-min and 90-min cycling TT. The beta(isocapnic) phase (W) was significantly correlated to the average power output (W) in the 20-min TT (r = 0.58; p < 0.05), but not in the 90-min TT (r = 0.28). The HHV phase (W) was not significantly correlated to the average power output in the 20-min or 90-min TT. No significant correlation was found for GE or for deltaE and performance in the TT. The data from this study shows that beta(isocapnic) together with HHV is not likely to be a useful indicator of cycle TT performance of 20- to 90-min duration. Furthermore, GE and deltaE determined from a submaximal incremental stepwise test are not related to cycling TT performance of different duration.","PeriodicalId":79394,"journal":{"name":"Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee","volume":"30 1","pages":"46-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1139/h05-104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25079913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Does intermittent hypoxia increase erythropoiesis in professional cyclists during a 3-week race? 间歇缺氧会增加职业自行车运动员在3周比赛中的红细胞生成吗?

Canadian journal of applied physiology = Revue canadienne de physiologie appliquee Pub Date : 2005-02-01 DOI: 10.1139/h05-105

José G Villa, Alejandro Lucía, José A Marroyo, Concepción Avila, Fernando Jiménez, Juan Garcia-López, Conrad P Earnest, Alfredo Córdova

引用次数: 16