Sante (Montrouge, France)最新文献

{"title":"[Reasons for stopping and restarting tuberculosis treatment in Libreville (Gabon)].","authors":"Médard Toung Mvé,&nbsp;Ulrich Bisvigou,&nbsp;Ndeye Coura Diop Barry,&nbsp;Clément Ella Ondo,&nbsp;Dieudonné Nkoghe","doi":"10.1684/san.2010.0189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2010.0189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tuberculosis is an important public health problem in Gabon, and the DOTS strategy recommended by the World Health Organisation has not been successfully applied. In 2006, 45% of patients abandoned treatment during the first phase. A pilot cross-sectional study was thus conducted from September 1 to November 30, 2006, at the Nkembo Tuberculosis Centre in Libreville, Gabon. Thirty patients with positive microscopy results who returned after having interrupted treatment completed a standardised questionnaire. They were mainly young men: their mean age was 33 years old and the male/female ratio was 2.7. Reasons for having abandoned treatment were a lack of money to pay for it (43%) and an impression that they had been cured (23%). The motivations for resuming treatment were the return of symptoms (73%). The risk of drug resistance requires that the Gabonese government play a greater role in the fight against tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"31-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2010.0189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29035623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Malaria cases diagnosed at the Parasitology Department of the Joseph-Ravoahangy-Andrianavalona University Hospital Centre, Antananarivo, Madagascar, 2005-2008].","authors":"Henintsoa Manarivo Rabezanahary,&nbsp;Andry Maharo Andrianarivelo,&nbsp;Christian Rafalimanana,&nbsp;Lala Rasoamialy Razanakolona,&nbsp;Andry Rasamindrakotroka","doi":"10.1684/san.2010.0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2010.0182","url":null,"abstract":"Auteur(s) : Henintsoa Manarivo RabezanaharyHenintsoa Manarivo Rabezanahary1, Andry Maharo Andrianarivelo1, Christian Rafalimanana2, Lala Rasoamialy Razanakolona3, Andry Rasamindrakotroka4 1UPFR parasitologie CHU-JRA Antananarivo Madagascar Lot IB 432 Andoharanofotsy Madagascar 2UPFR microbiologie CHU-JRA BP 4150 Antananarivo Madagascar 3Laboratoire national de reference BP 4150 Antananarivo Madagascar 4Departement de biologie medicale Faculte de medecine [...]","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"49-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2010.0182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29036076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[First documented cases of rheumatoid arthritis in Niger].","authors":"E Adehossi,&nbsp;C Landais,&nbsp;B S Souna,&nbsp;S Guida,&nbsp;F Gbaguidi,&nbsp;A I Toure,&nbsp;P Parola","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report the first eight documented cases of rheumatoid arthritis in Niger, all diagnosed during one year at the National Lamordé Hospital of Niamey. Systemic manifestations were rare.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"41-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28893892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Do reproductive health care practices create a risk of HIV, HVB, and HVC transmission? Case studies in Cambodia].","authors":"Pascale Hancart Petitet","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0151","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The processes involved in nosocomial transmission of HIV, HBV, and HCV nosocomial transmission have not been studied at a global level; little is known about them or about the underlying social and cultural logic that contributes to this transmission. Hospital hygiene has mainly been studied from a biological perspective until now. However, hospital hygiene is shaped by norms and sociocultural representations, and the increase or limitation of disease transmission always takes place within social relations. We need to analyse the practices related to hygiene from a cultural perspective, especially since norms are interpreted at the local level according to social and symbolic logic. Our paper aims to investigate these issues in the context of reproductive health care practices in Cambodia. We describe various perceptions, attitudes and roles of both medical and non-medical caregivers and show how they determine practices, as well as how sanitary, social and institutional contexts shape practices. Since 1995, public health institutions have provided contraceptive methods (condoms, oral or injectable contraceptives, contraceptive implants, intrauterine devices, and emergency contraception). Except for the free distribution of condoms, particularly by NGOs as part of HIV prevention programs, access to contraception is not free. Private clinics and local and international NGOs provide many of these services. Many women in both urban and rural areas seek reproductive health care in the informal sector, from caregivers who may or may not be trained. We thus wonder if these practices, as implemented in the formal and informal care sectors, create a risk for the transmission of HIV, HVB, and HVC. We analyse those issues in considering especially the injection of Depo-Provera, insertion of intrauterine devices, vaginal cleaning practices, and surgical abortion. This investigation of the sociocultural dimension of hygiene in the field of reproductive health care underlines how and to what extent these practices may present a risk of nosocomial transmission of HIV, HBV, or HCV when they are performed by trained or untrained caregivers practising outside the formal health care setting. We also wonder if in some circumstances, reproductive health practices may be at risk when they are performed \"informally\", particularly at night and on weekends by caregivers in the public sector of care. Finally, because of the high cost of abortions in the institutions allowed to provide this service, many women have recourse to informal care sector, where the materials and techniques, as well as the lack of training for practitioners, appear to be the source of haemorrhagic risks and subsequent infection.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0151","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28901939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Subcutaneous dirofilariasis of the upper lip in Tunisia].","authors":"Emira Kaouech,&nbsp;Meriam Becheur,&nbsp;Meriam Cheikh,&nbsp;Slaheddine Belhadj,&nbsp;Kalthoum Kallel,&nbsp;Emna Chaker","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Dirofilariasis is a rare anthroponotic disease caused by Dirofilaria, the principal reservoir of which is the dog. The first case of subcutaneous dirofilariasis in Tunisia was reported in 1990.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report a case involving a 40-year-old woman living in northeastern Tunisia who presented with a subcutaneous lesion of the upper lip resembling a sebaceous cyst. Excisional biopsy released a worm identified on morphologic examination as Dirofilaria repens. Only excision allows simultaneous diagnosis and treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the 14th case of dirofilariasis reported in Tunisia. This parasitic disease is probably underestimated in our country. It should be considered for all subcutaneous nodules, regardless of localisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"47-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28875448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Bilateral blindness and visual impairment in children aged 0-5 years in the women's and children's hospital of Yaounde].","authors":"Lucienne Assumpta Bella,&nbsp;André Omgbwa Eballea,&nbsp;Jeanne Mayouego Kouam","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0174","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A retrospective study covering the period from March 2002 to December 2008 at the Yaounde Women's and Children's Hospital sought to identify the causes of blindness and severe visual impairment in children younger than 5 years old. Of the 55 cases recorded (prevalence: 2.4%), 33 patients were boys and 22 girls. Total blindness were found among 69% of the group, while 31% had severe visually impairment. The most frequent anatomical sites of the disease leading to blindness and severe visual impairment were the lens (27.3%), the visual cortex (25.5%) and the retina (14.5 %). As the initial prognosis is severe, close collaboration between all those responsible for these children must be set up to enable early specialised management and education.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"35-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28884508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Relation between Shistosoma mansoni and hepatosplenomegalies].","authors":"E J Rakotonirina,&nbsp;P Andrianjaka,&nbsp;R A Rakotoarivelo,&nbsp;R M Ramanampamonjy,&nbsp;M J D Randria,&nbsp;J D M Rakotomanga","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although they remain a neglected transmissible disease, affecting mainly people in poor countries, the combined forms of schistosomiasis are second only to malaria as a major parasitic disease. Although both urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis are endemic in Madagascar, this study focuses only on the intestinal forms. The symptoms may remain unnoticed or be ignored, for the seriousness of intestinal schistosomiasis is due mainly to its hepatosplenic complications.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To estimate the etiological fraction of Schistosoma mansoni involved in hepatomegaly (HM), splenomegaly (SM) and hepatosplenomegaly (HSM), with or without signs of portal hypertension (PHT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This file-based retrospective study includes patients admitted to the University Hospital of Antananarivo, Madagascar, between January 2005 and July 2008, who presented with HM, SM, HSM and/or PHT. The case was attributed to schistosomiasis if blood serology, tested with ELISA, was positive for this parasite. The statistical analysis used three approaches: a cross-sectional approach, a longitudinal approach (retrospective cohort), and a \"case-control\" approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 7308 admissions during this period, 269 (4%) were diagnosed with a hepatosplenic complication and were retained. The average age (+/- standard deviation) was 47.8 (+/- 16.4) years. HM accounted for 55.4% of cases, SM 18.9%, HTP 18.6% and HSM 18.6%. Serology was positive for schistosomiasis in 21.6% of cases. The sex ratio (men:women) for these cases was 1.9, and 67.3% of the patients were aged 30 years or older. The main schistosomiasis complications were SM (n=22) and HTP (n=22). The age group most affected depended on the specific complication: for HM, 28.6% of patients were aged between 40 and 49 years; for HSM, 57.1% were aged between 30 and 40 years. The prevalence of SM was lower in subjects between 50 and 59 years of age (4.5%) than the other complications. Patients with positive serology results were significantly younger than those with negative results, or whose serology was not checked (37.8 years vs. 50.5 years, p < 0.001). Stratification according to complication showed that the etiological fraction of schistosomiasis was 76% for patients with SM, 79% for HTP, 58% for HSM and 4.9% for HM. The retrospective cohort and the case-control analyses both showed that a history of dysentery and frequent contact with water were the main factors associated with complicated schistosomiasis. It is important to note that urban and rural residents had the same risk of developing schistosomiasis with complications (OR: 0.9 [0.4; 1.9]).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that schistosomiasis infection is strongly associated with hepatosplenic pathologies. One of the shortcomings of the study is the absence of any analysis of the course and outcome in the study patients. Nevertheless, the cour","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"15-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28887468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Survey of diarrhoea survey in Kosovo Mitrovica. August 2001].","authors":"Irina Quamilè,&nbsp;François Rogerie,&nbsp;Marc Grandadam,&nbsp;Remy Teyssou,&nbsp;Elisabeth Nicand,&nbsp;Jean-Louis Koeck,&nbsp;Irina Fejzia,&nbsp;Yves Buisson,&nbsp;J-L Rey","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The upsurge of diarrhoea observed in children in Kosovo Mitrovica in the spring of 2001 led to a survey, jointly organized by the city health department, the GISPE association and the medical laboratory at the Val de Grâce Hospital (France). The available retrospective data showed an increase in cases of diarrhoea in which Giardia duodenalis was isolated. During the third week of August 2001, all children with diarrhoea consulting in the hospital south of city (n = 45) had a complete stool analysis. The analyses showed the presence of Giardia cysts and trophozoites in 40% of the cases, and no cases with helminthes or cryptosporidia. Moreover 3 strains of S. sonnei, a microorganism never previously identified, and different pathovars of E. coli in 11 patients were isolated. This \"epidemic\" appeared to be linked to the poor hygiene conditions that still prevailed 2 years after the events but not directly to the water supply, which was rehabilitated at the end of 1999. It is also necessary to strengthen the capacity of the public laboratories and health-care facilities of the province.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"20 1","pages":"9-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28876701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Hygienic quality of meat used in institutional food services: university cafeterias in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)].","authors":"A J Ilboudo,&nbsp;A Savadogo,&nbsp;N Barro,&nbsp;M Ouedraogo,&nbsp;A S Traore","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This present study was conducted to assess the hygienic quality of meals served in three cafeterias at the national university in Ouagadougou and the compliance of kitchen staff with good hygiene practices. Microbiological analyses assessed the hygienic quality of the raw meat and of meat-based meals. The results showed poor hygiene practices by food handlers along the food chain. These observations were confirmed by the identification of salmonella, coliform and staphylococcal bacteria in raw meat and cooked meals. Overall, 60% of the raw meat samples were unsatisfactory for aerobic mesophilic flora and 6.6% for salmonella. For the cooked meat meals, on the other hand, 45% of the samples were satisfactory for aerobic mesophilic flora, 100% for salmonella, 93.3% for fecal thermotolerant coliforms and 96.6% for staphylococci. These results showed poor hygiene in the handling of raw meat, but a clear improvement in hygienic quality after cooking. Raising the awareness of cafeteria staff about compliance with hygiene rules appears primordial. Moreover improvement of the food environment, the kitchen equipment, and organization as well as the introduction of a cleaning-disinfection programme would make it possible to provide more hygienic meals in these institutional facilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 4","pages":"195-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28742149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Education for self-administered antibiotic therapy: a pragmatic and ethical alternative for the treatment of STDs for the street youth of Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (RDC)].","authors":"Mukandu Basua Babintu Leyka,&nbsp;Prof Mylène Baum,&nbsp;Maiga Diadié,&nbsp;Mbela Kiyombo,&nbsp;Bavon Mupenda","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All healthcare providers decide in someone else's place, for someone else. In doing so, they take their place in a long long tradition, that of medical paternalism. Patients are treated as children, incapable of making decisions about themselves. How then are we supposed to deal with patients like the street children of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, who are not part of our health-care system, who refuse care and prescriptions? Their refusal of caregivers forces us to seek strategies to dispel the conflicts, adapt outselves to the situation (self-medication, drug sales outside of dispensaries, etc.), but especially to rethink the relation between caregivers and patients. This does not mean abandoning the authoritarian patriarchal model for total relativism; the use of drugs such as antibiotics is and must remain surrounded by all the precautions necessary to avoid the further development of resistance; it does mean training and informing. The task facing us is that of health education and promotion, a long and continuous process, centered on patients and integrated with their care, aimed at making them capable of managing their disease. This procedure is part of a pragmatic approach: beyond the asymmetry involved in any relationship of power, it is essential to establish informed confidence, to look for adhesion and not constraint. Only this pragmatism can incite young people with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) to use modern medicine and comply with the dosage instructions. Effective treatment of STDs is, according to WHO, one of the most powerful weapons in the battle against AIDS transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 4","pages":"217-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0149","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28742150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}