Sante (Montrouge, France)最新文献

{"title":"[Regionalisation of the Millennium Development Goals: markers for assessing child health in Algeria].","authors":"Mohammed Bedrouni","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Millennium Development Goals (MDG) include measurable, quantifiable objectives that facilitate the monitoring of their progress and help focus the work of local authorities intended to improve the living conditions of their populations. Since the adoption of the Declaration of the Millennium in September 2000, Algeria has made considerable progress, with excellent scores for some objectives but substantial delays for others. We also note that even when national averages provide a satisfactory impression, they often hide striking inequalities. This work is thus an attempt to evaluate progress for one of the eight objectives on a less aggregate scale that should permit a more realistic assessment. We thus restrict this article to a single aspect child health. Successive surveys have all confirmed substantial achievements on a national scale. These improvements nonetheless remain insufficient in light of the available resources. For example, the infant mortality rate, one of the most valuable child health indicators, decreased from 46.8 per thousand in 1990 to 25.5 per thousand in 2008. Nonetheless, the same studies showed the persistence of inequalities between geographic areas, urban and rural areas, and between sexes. Additional efforts are thus necessary if we are to reach the objective of reducing the mortality rate of children under 5 years by two-thirds. Results will also be more effective if healthy policy is regionalized, especially through the promotion of the implementation of this goal at the local level.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 3","pages":"149-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28738914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[MDG5 and maternal mortality: disastrous combination of inequalities].","authors":"M Ouchtati,&nbsp;Sihem Mezhoud,&nbsp;Farid Chakib Rahmoun","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Maternal mortality is the most striking of injustices, the event in which social inequalities combine most disastrously. For women in the least developed countries, the mean lifetime risk of dying from complications related to pregnancy and childbirth is 300 times higher than for women in industrialized countries. In Algeria, the maternal mortality rate (MMR) in 2006 was 92.6 deaths per 100,000 live births, even though 95.3% of births are attended. Maternal deaths account for 10% of all deaths of women aged 15 to 49 years, and the inequalities are blatant: the MMR in Adrar (southern Algeria) was 230 compared to 30 deaths per 100,000 live births in the municipality of Algiers. Overall, 55% of the deaths occur in hospitals, 57.3% of them after transfer. The causes are known, a high proportion of deaths could be avoided with better trained healthcare personnel and birth attendants and early identification of the pregnant women at risk. Our laboratory thus proposes an approach based on information and on the sharing and delegation of skills. General practitioners are the cornerstone of this community approach based on the early detection and management of parturients at risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 3","pages":"167-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0171","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28738917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Implementation of a continuum of care for people living with HIV/AIDS in Hanoi (Vietnam)].","authors":"Myriam de Loenzien","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Caring for people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) encompasses various tasks, from prevention to palliative care. It involves a set of consistent and coordinated actions. This article presents the first free-of-charge management programme including antiretroviral treatment in Vietnam (as opposed to research and evaluation programmes). It was launched in 2004 in Hanoi. Our study was conducted in 2003-2004 as part of a collaborative research programme led by IRD (Research Institute for Development) and the National Economic University in Hanoi and was funded by ESTHER (Together for a Therapeutic Solidarity in Hospital Network) group. Data collection included 68 qualitative interviews with patients, members of their families and members of the hospital staff, observations of outpatient consultations, and analysis of inpatient files. The results show that patients, their families and hospital staff members all perceive a comprehensive care and treatment programme as very important and consider that it should include social and psychological care as well as an integrated set of actions involving various types of participants. Outpatient and inpatient care are closely linked: they take place in the same hospital department, they involve patients with similar social and demographic characteristics marked by multiple risk behaviours and recourse to several kinds of healthcare services. The observation of outpatient consultations showed the limitations of strictly biomedical care to which social and psychological care were added only lately. One of the principal difficulties is patients' difficulties in keeping their outpatient appointments. Overall, patients consider themselves lucky to able to receive care and treatment with antiretroviral drugs. They nevertheless complain about the lack of social and psychological support, which they expect should help them to tolerate and adapt to their biomedical treatment and to include counselling and information about this treatment and its consequences. Hospital staff with the greatest contact with PLWHA report more frequent attempts to avoid this contact. This stigmatisation is due to lack of information, failure to implement workplace safety measures, and to pejorative representations of HIV/AIDS. Official and unofficial discourse still follows the Ministry of Health in associating HIV/AIDS with drug use and commercial sex, and HIV/AIDS prevention and control policy is still linked to the \"social evils\" policy. Hospital staff also emphasized the importance of community care for PLWHA in their interviews. Informal care for PLWHA by family, close relatives, close friends and members of non-official groups complements hospital care, which is sometimes limited to its biomedical component and provides the material, moral, financial, social, economic and relational care essential for PLWHA and their close relatives and friends. This informal care has also some pernicious effects and leads to internal contradictions","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 3","pages":"141-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0169","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28737892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Do commercial sex workers who discuss treatment with family and friends adhere to it better?].","authors":"A Sanon,&nbsp;I Traoré,&nbsp;R Diallo,&nbsp;A Ouédraogo,&nbsp;J Andonaba,&nbsp;I Konate,&nbsp;A Berthe,&nbsp;C Huet,&nbsp;P Msellati,&nbsp;L Visier,&nbsp;P Mayaud,&nbsp;N Nagot","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The number of HIV trials in Africa is increasing, and they target population groups with high HIV incidence, such as sex workers. Little information, however, is available about the adherence to long-term therapy among such marginalized groups with few economic resources and poor social and family support. A project called \"Yerelon\" (\"know herself\" in the Dioula language) began in 1998 in Bobo-Dioulasso to improve the health of women involved in commercial sex through STI/HIV prevention and care adapted to them. This study was conducted before introducing long-term treatment to the population, to assess the effect of communication with those around them on the capacity of these vulnerable women to adhere to drug prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was based on interviews conducted during the pilot phase of a 3-month trial of vitamins with potential participants. It concerned two groups of women: one group was infected with HIV (N = 22), the other was not (N = 20); all women in both groups were infected by HSV-2, however. For 5 weeks, the two psychologists of the study team in charge of adherence assessment carried out weekly in-depth interviews with the participants. The qualitative data analysis was organised around several themes. The data were related to aspects of communication with family and friends, serologic results, and adherence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>According to our definition of communication about treatment, 20 participants communicated with their family and friends; adherence was good for all but three of them. Women who reported that they were married or living with someone (7/42) nearly all spoke about the study treatment (06/07) with him. Of 16 participants living in a family, 10 communicated with them about the treatment. On the other hand, as seems logical, single women who lived alone spoke less often about the treatment with family and friends (04/19). Talking about the treatment did not appear to involve the family or friends in the treatment; no one reminded any participant, whether she lived alone or in a family, to take her medicine. Nor did this discussion seem \"helpful\" to any of the women. Twenty-two participants hid the study treatment from family and friends; adherence was good for all but two of these. Social management of the treatment was related to HIV serologic status and relationships with family and friends. Concern about gossip about HIV status made it difficult to integrate the treatment into conversation. Those who did not agree to communicate with their family about the treatment did not even take the drug in the sight of the others. Sometimes, refusal to communicate was aimed at avoiding disapproval when the family did not have a favorable perception of prolonged treatment. Hiding the treatment was not an obstacle to good adherence. Adherence was related to perception of the treatment more than to communication about it.</p><p><strong>Concl","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"95-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0153","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28611502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Elevated C reactive protein rate in 23 black African patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and without opportunistic infectious disease].","authors":"J Iba-Ba,&nbsp;B Biteghe,&nbsp;L Missounga,&nbsp;R Bignoumba Ibouili,&nbsp;J B Mipinda,&nbsp;S Coniquet,&nbsp;J B Moussavou Kombila,&nbsp;J B Boguikouma","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>CRP rarely increases during systemic lupus exacerbations.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study of patients with systemic lupus diagnosed according to ACR criteria examined all patients with no intercurrent infectious disease and responding to corticosteroid treatment and compared the patients with normal and with significantly elevated (> or = 30 mg/l) CRP.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>23 black patients (22 women, 1 man) were selected and classified in two groups: group I with CRP > 30 mg/l (n = 12) and the controls, group II, with normal CRP (n =11). In group I, mean CRP was 279 mg/l. Four patients had isolated pericarditis, and one pericarditis associated with pleurisy. Nine patients had no cardiovascular risk factors or abnormal liver function enzymes. Antinuclear antibodies were specific for anti-DNA (n= 8), anti-Sm (n = 2), anti-RNP (n = 1), and anti-SSA (n = 1). In group II, seven patients had pericarditis, and nine had no cardiovascular risk factors or liver function results. Antinuclear antibodies were specific for anti-DNA (n = 9), anti-Sm (n = 1) and unknown (n = 1).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The paucity of data about black Africans in the literature makes it difficult to interpret these results in terms of their specificity for this population or as a typical profile of elevated CRP without infectious disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In absence of a specific profile for patients with elevated CRP without intercurrent infectious disease, we consider the possibility of a subgroup of the black population that may be particularly vulnerable and express CRP more easily.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"67-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0159","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28613253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Debate and challenges on the topic of free medical care in Africa: \"Back to the Future\"?].","authors":"Valéry Ridde,&nbsp;Karl Blanchet","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In its 2008 annual report, WHO affirmed the importance of resisting the temptation to depend on direct payment for primary health care. Members of the WHO committee on the social determinants of health as well as of those at the conference on primary health care in Ouagadougou in 2008 reaffirmed the need to make access to health care systems more equitable. Several decades after imposition of direct payment began, convincing data clearly demonstrate its harmful effects on the basic fairness of access to care. Accordingly, the current debate in the field of financial support for health involves the elimination of payments. More precisely, we can finally say that this is a debate about a return to the free care that existed before the widespread implementation of \"cost recovery\" systems. Here we want to review these discussions and prepare the ground for a debate on possible effective strategies for making health care systems more equitable from the perspective of universal coverage. We will thus note that analyses today must certainly focus more on how to eliminate direct payments than on the reasons to do so, already amply demonstrated. The international community must now undertake to support governments that want to move in this direction and ensure that the process is thoroughly documented so that it can also produce useful knowledge for the formulation of fair public policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"101-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28611500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Acute accidental poisoning in children: aspects of their epidemiology, aetiology, and outcome at the Charles de Gaulle Paediatric Hospital in Ouagadougou (Burkina Faso)].","authors":"Fla Kouéta,&nbsp;Lassina Dao,&nbsp;Diarra Yé,&nbsp;Zéinabou Fayama,&nbsp;Alphonse Sawadogo","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0157","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accidents are a daily concern in the paediatric ward because of their frequency, diversity and severity. Acute accidental poisoning (AAP) accounts for an important portion of these. To help improvement management of AAP, we conducted a retrospective study covering a period of 2 years from January 2005 to December 2006 at Charles de Gaulle Paediatric University Hospital in Ouagadougou. Of 9390 admissions during the study period, 123 children, or 1.3%, were admitted for poisoning. A cumulative average of 11 were admitted monthly, with a peak of 16 patients in April 2005 and 2006, together. AAP was most common among children aged 1 to 4 years. Their mean age was 3 years and ranged from 6 days to 12 years. Boys outnumbered girls, with a sex ratio of 1.2. Mothers of more than half (61%) of the children poisoned worked in the home. Household products accounted for 44.7% of AAPs, followed by drug (22.7%) and food (22%) poisoning. Kerosene and other petroleum products topped the list of household products, with 54.5%. Tranquilizers (46.4%) and dairy products (37%) dominated the drug and food poisoning categories. Immediate outcome was fatal in 3% of cases, and three quarters of these deaths occurred during drug poisoning of children aged 1 to 4 years. The mean hospital stay was 2 days, and ranged from 0 to 9 days. Health officials, the media, and community outreach must all help to increase awareness about the dangers of poisoning and of preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"55-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0157","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28613252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiological, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in and around Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo].","authors":"K Tshimungu,&nbsp;L N Okenge,&nbsp;J N Mukeba,&nbsp;V B K Kande,&nbsp;P De Mol","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite efforts to control human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in the field, this infection remains prevalent in endemic or epidemic form in most of its traditional habitats. In the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), HAT has extended beyond rural areas to reach large cities such as Kinshasa. The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of trypanosomiasis patients (cases) in Kinshasa and to compare them to those of healthy controls. METHODS AND POPULATION OF STUDY: This case-control study allowed us to compare case patients and controls for some epidemiologic, clinical and sociodemographic characteristics. In all, 1764 people (588 case-patients and 1176 controls) were interviewed according to a structured questionnaire. Case-patients were infected with trypanosomiasis and entered the National Human African Trypanosomiasis Program (PNLTHA-DRC) from January 2004 through December 2005. Controls were matched for sex, age and residence to the corresponding case-patient, but had negative results from the Card Agglutination Trypanosomiasis Test (CATT-Test) whole-blood serologic analysis. Each patient was matched with two controls.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cases were identified in all 24 districts of Kinshasa, but were concentrated in the outskirts (outlying areas and southern expansion) and in rural areas. Overall, 25% (144/588) of case-patients lived in urbanized areas. People in the labour market (aged 20-49 years) were affected more often than others. HAT affected men and women equally. It also affected at higher rates people who moved around a lot and those who worked in rural or domestic activities, especially those in close contact with watercourses. Sleep disorders were the primary clinical sign (85%). Cervical adenopathies were observed frequently (66%). Fever was reported in 68% of case-patients. Most (73.5%) were diagnosed at a very advanced stage of infection (meningoencephalitic or neurological stage).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results highlight several modifiable or avoidable characteristics associated with HAT. Interventions on them might make it possible to reduce the morbidity and mortality rates associated with HAT and prevent wider extension of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"73-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0154","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28613256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Eye disease in children aged 6 to 15 years: a hospital-based study in Yaounde].","authors":"André Omgbwa Eballe,&nbsp;Lucienne Assumpta Bella,&nbsp;Didier Owono,&nbsp;Sylviane Mbome,&nbsp;Côme Ebana Mvogo","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>This prospective study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of the Gynaeco-Obstetric and Paediatric Hospital in Yaoundé and included 422 children recruited from January to April 2008. The aim was to identify the eye diseases seen frequently seen in school-aged children from 6 to 15 years and examine their epidemiological characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The study group included 201 boys and 221 girls, with a mean age of 10,3 +/- 3.2 years. The most frequent disease was ametropia (refractive errors, 43.1%), including hyperopia, which had a prevalence of 23.7% Conjunctival disorders came next, accounting for 33%, more than half due to tropical endemic limbo conjunctivitis (17.8%). Binocular blindness affected 0.9% (n = 4), and low vision 0.7% (n = 3).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study, the first in its kind for the age group of 6-15 years in a developing country, allowed us to identify refractive errors as the principal complaint in consultations and led us to propose a reinforcement of screening in schools.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"61-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28613259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The effectiveness of community volunteers in counting populations and assessing their nutritional vulnerability during armed conflict: district health in D.R. Congo, Central Africa].","authors":"B G Bisimwa,&nbsp;M T Mambo,&nbsp;N P Mitangala,&nbsp;C Schirvel,&nbsp;D Porignon,&nbsp;W M Dramaix,&nbsp;P Donnen","doi":"10.1684/san.2009.0156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1684/san.2009.0156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study assessed the ability of community volunteers, working with district health officials, to conduct a local census to count the population in their villages and assess their nutritional vulnerability. The study involved organizing community volunteers in village nutrition committee and assigning them to count the village population in a Kivu rural health district (D.R.Congo) and assess their vulnerability in terms of nutrition. The study took place in March and April 2003, during armed conflict in the region. Community volunteers supervised by district health officials collected data, presented here as median proportions (with their Max and Min), by age category. The results show that community volunteers were able to conduct this census with reliable results. The population distribution by age category was similar to the national model from a survey by experts. The community volunteers estimated a median of 22.2 % (6.2-100 %) of households in each village in the eastern DR Congo were vulnerable and required foreign aid. Community volunteers can contribute accurately to the collection of demographic data to be used in health programme planning, thus allowing these data to be followed even during instability and armed conflicts.</p>","PeriodicalId":79375,"journal":{"name":"Sante (Montrouge, France)","volume":"19 2","pages":"81-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1684/san.2009.0156","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"28613254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}