{"title":"Rheumatology in Lebanon: half a century to look back on.","authors":"H Awada","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"736-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21505375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Contribution of genetically modified mouse models to the elucidation of bone physiology.","authors":"T Thomas, M H Lafage-Proust","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development over the last few years of genetically modified mouse models has provided a wealth of new information on the intimate cellular mechanisms involved in bone physiology. This article reviews some of the new insights gained into non-collagenous bone proteins. The bone matrix is no longer viewed as a passive support for bone cells, but rather as a key factor in the regulation of cell recruitment, proliferation, and differentiation. Studies using genetically modified mouse models have demonstrated the central importance of transcription factors such as Cbfa1, c-Fos, and c-Src in the differentiation of osteoblasts or osteoclasts from bone marrow stem cells. They have also allowed to identify the main cytokines involved in the regulation of bone cell activities, particularly in estrogen-deprived individuals. A discussion is provided in this article of the studies that identified the main communication pathway between osteoblasts and osteoclasts, in which the mediators are osteoprotegerin and its ligand, and that demonstrated the central position of these two factors in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation and activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"728-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21505374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in calcific tendinitis of the shoulder.","authors":"E Noel, J Charrin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"691-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21504822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C Jacques, A Sautet, M Moldovan, B Thomas, L Humbert, F Berenbaum
{"title":"Cyclooxygenase activity in chondrocytes from osteoarthritic and healthy cartilage.","authors":"C Jacques, A Sautet, M Moldovan, B Thomas, L Humbert, F Berenbaum","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To compare prostaglandin production and cyclooxygenase activity in high-density primary cultures of chondrocytes from patients with osteoarthritis and from healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Chondrocytes harvested from operative specimens obtained during hip or knee arthroplasty were cultured at a very high density for 48 h. Cyclooxygenase activity was evaluated based on prostaglandin E2 levels (radioimmunological assay) after addition of arachidonic acid. The chondrocytes were cultured with and without IL-1 beta and TNF alpha.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Prostaglandin E2 production and cyclooxygenase activity were significantly higher in cultures of chondrocytes from osteoarthritic than from healthy joints. Adding IL-1 beta to the osteoarthritic chondrocyte cultures further increased the high cyclooxygenase activity, whereas adding TNF alpha alone had no effect.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cultured chondrocytes from osteoarthritic joints showed increased prostaglandin E2 production and cyclooxygenase activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"701-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21504824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanical low back pain and sciatica revealing an epidural abscess fully responsive to short-course antibiotic therapy.","authors":"I Masse, M H Mizony, P Fournier, M C Descoffres","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"747-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21505378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J Jeannou, P Goupille, M A Avimadje, D Zerkak, J P Valat, B Fouquet
{"title":"Cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis.","authors":"J Jeannou, P Goupille, M A Avimadje, D Zerkak, J P Valat, B Fouquet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>The clinical and radiographic manifestations of cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis remain incompletely described. Only one case-control study has been reported.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To conduct a case-control study of the clinical and radiographic manifestations of cervical spine involvement in psoriatic arthritis.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>30 psoriatic arthritis patients (mean age, 53.3 years (21-78); sex ratio, 1; mean disease duration, 80.4 months (12-204); and mean Ritchie's index, 9.3 (2-30)) were compared with 30 controls with common low back pain (mean age, 53.8 years (21-78)). Each patient underwent a physical examination, completed a questionnaire on function, underwent cervical spine radiography (anteroposterior and lateral views and views in flexion and extension). All radiographs were evaluated by an independent observer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients were more likely than controls to have neck pain (22/30 (73%) vs 8/30 (26%) P < 0.001). Among subjects with neck pain, the time pattern was more likely to be inflammatory in the patients than in the controls (14/22 vs 1/8, P < 0.001). Functional impairment and pain severity were significantly greater in the patients. On radiographs, facet joint abnormalities (osteophytes, joint space loss, sclerosis) were significantly more common (P < 0.01) in the patients, particularly at C3-C4 and C4-C5. Also more common in the patients were signs of spondylitis (7 vs 0) and of facet joint arthritis (7 vs 2). No subjects had syndesmophytes. Three (10%) patients had anterior C1-C2 subluxation with an atlas-dens interval greater than 4 mm. Within the patient group, no correlations were found between clinical patterns and radiographic findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data confirm that psoriatic arthritis frequently involves the cervical spine, with the facet joints being a preferred target, and can cause anterior C1-C2 subluxation.</p>","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"695-700"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21504823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bone mineral density at the femur and lumbar spine in a population of young women treated for scoliosis in adolescence.","authors":"I Courtois, P Collet, B Mouilleseaux, C Alexandre","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate associations between scoliosis and bone mineral density. Many of the factors involved in the etiopathogenesis of idiopathic scoliosis also affect peak bone mass acquisition, which occurs primarily during puberty, a period of progression for scoliosis.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We compared 33 patients treated for scoliosis with 33 controls and looked for correlations between bone mineral density and a number of retrospectively collected parameters (e.g., duration of bracing, outcome in adulthood).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bone mineral density values were lower in the patients than in the controls. Among the patients, those with osteopenia wore a brace significantly longer and had more severe scoliosis in adulthood than those without osteopenia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest a need for osteopenia screening and prevention in children with scoliosis, for monitoring physical activity and calcium intake during bracing, for preferring braces that allow greater mobility, and for closely monitoring the scoliosis during adulthood if osteopenia is present.</p>","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"705-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21504825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of tiludronate in fibrous dysplasia of bone. A case-report.","authors":"J C Balblanc, E Vignon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"748-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21505379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Fanello, V Frampas-Chotard, Y Roquelaure, N Jousset, V Delbos, J Jarny, D Penneau-Fontbonne
{"title":"Evaluation of an educational low back pain prevention program for hospital employees.","authors":"S Fanello, V Frampas-Chotard, Y Roquelaure, N Jousset, V Delbos, J Jarny, D Penneau-Fontbonne","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the impact of an educational low back pain prevention program in a cohort of hospital employees.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cohort of 136 nonclerical hospital employees attended classes on safe postures and patient handling, then received advice by educators who observed them while they performed their typical workday tasks. Each of the subjects in this intervention group was matched on age, sex, and job category with a control. Musculoskeletal complaints and changes in habits during work and recreational activities were evaluated before the intervention (or the corresponding date in the control group) and after two years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the intervention group, 36% of subjects with low back pain at baseline were free of this symptom at follow-up, whereas only 26% were in the opposite situation. The proportion of subjects with low back pain episodes lasting longer than 30 days increased significantly from baseline to follow-up in the control group (from 30% to 49%) but not in the intervention group. The number of sick leaves longer than 30 days decreased significantly in the intervention group. Only 33% of the intervention group subjects felt the intervention had been helpful; this proportion varied across job categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest that differences in job categories should be taken into account when designing educational programs for preventing low back pain. They also indicate that back school programs may be more effective in subjects with a history of low back pain, whereas instruction on safe postures and patient handling may be the best approach in subjects who have not previously experienced low back pain. Observing and providing advice to employees while they are performing their usual duties may be an essential component of low back pain prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"711-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21504826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K Benbouazza, R Bahiri, H E Krami, F Allali, A Bezza, A Bennani, N Hajjaj-Hassouni
{"title":"Erosive polyarthritis in Crohn's disease. Report of a case.","authors":"K Benbouazza, R Bahiri, H E Krami, F Allali, A Bezza, A Bennani, N Hajjaj-Hassouni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Erosive polyarthritis in Crohn's disease is rare and raises diagnostic and pathophysiological problems. A case with destructive lesions of the shoulders and hips is reported in a 43-year-old woman with a 26-year history of Crohn's disease. Ankylosis of the spine and hips, motion range limitation of the shoulders and wrists, and boutonnière deformity of the third finger of the right hand were present. Tests were negative for rheumatoid factor and the HLA-B27 antigen. Plain radiographs showed a triple rail pattern at the spine; synostosis of the hips; and destructive lesions of the shoulders, wrists, tarsal bones, and third proximal interphalangeal joint of the right hand. Glucocorticoid therapy was effective in suppressing the bowel symptom flares but only partially improved the joint symptoms, whose treatment relied mainly on nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents and rehabilitation therapy. Erosive arthritis in Crohn's disease is frequently monoarticular, with the hip being the most common target. It can complicate a spondylarthropathy or reveal granulomatous synovitis. Polyarticular forms pose difficult diagnostic and therapeutic challenges and add to the disability caused by the bowel disease. The potential role of genetic factors remains to be studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":79371,"journal":{"name":"Revue du rhumatisme (English ed.)","volume":"66 12","pages":"743-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21505377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}