Dementia (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献_第9页

Leukocyte hexokinase activity in aging and Alzheimer disease. 白细胞己糖激酶活性与老年痴呆症的关系。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106947

P G Antuono, J Ravanelli-Meyer, K Nicholson, A S Bloom

引用次数: 4

THA--historical aspects, review of pharmacological properties and therapeutic effects. THA-历史方面，回顾药理学性质和治疗效果。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106951

J C Soares, S Gershon

引用次数: 33

Transient enhancement of cholinergic neurochemical markers induced by NGF in aged F344 rats. NGF对老龄F344大鼠胆碱能神经化学标志物的瞬时增强作用。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106943

A C Santucci, P D Kanof, V Haroutunian

{"title":"Transient enhancement of cholinergic neurochemical markers induced by NGF in aged F344 rats.","authors":"A C Santucci, P D Kanof, V Haroutunian","doi":"10.1159/000106943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000106943","url":null,"abstract":"Two experiments were conducted to assess the durability of nerve growth factor (NGF) effects on cholinergic neurochemical markers. Artificial CSF or NGF was infused via osmotic pumps for 2 weeks into the lateral ventricles of young adult (3- to 6-month-old) and aged (22- to 26-month-old) Fischer 344 rats. Assessment of choline acetyltransferase (CAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) within the cortex, striatum, and hippocampus was conducted either approximately 3 (experiment 1) or 12 (experiment 2) weeks after termination of treatment. A variety of age-related deficiencies were found in the two experiments with decreased marker levels within the dorsal hippocampus and striatum being most consistent. NGF increased cholinergic marker enzyme activity in experiment 1 only. Specifically, NGF (a) attenuated age-related CAT and AChE deficits within the dorsal hippocampus and striatum, (b) enhanced CAT activity within the frontal cortex and ventral hippocampus in aged animals, and (c) increased CAT activity within the dorsal hippocampus in young subjects. It is concluded that NGF may be beneficial in enhancing cholinergic neurochemical parameters, especially in aged animals, but such effects are most likely transient.","PeriodicalId":79336,"journal":{"name":"Dementia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"6 4","pages":"179-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000106943","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18557906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Atrophy of hippocampal formation subdivisions correlates with stage and duration of Alzheimer disease. 海马形成分支的萎缩与阿尔茨海默病的分期和病程有关。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106948

M Bobinski, J Wegiel, H M Wisniewski, M Tarnawski, B Reisberg, B Mlodzik, M J de Leon, D C Miller

{"title":"Atrophy of hippocampal formation subdivisions correlates with stage and duration of Alzheimer disease.","authors":"M Bobinski, J Wegiel, H M Wisniewski, M Tarnawski, B Reisberg, B Mlodzik, M J de Leon, D C Miller","doi":"10.1159/000106948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000106948","url":null,"abstract":"The hippocampal formations of 13 subjects with severe Alzheimer disease [AD; Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) stage 7] and of 5 age-matched subjects without symptoms of dementia were reconstructed from serial sections. Functional assessment staging (FAST) was used at the time of demise to assess 9 patients at stages 7a-c (incipient averbal and nonambulatory) and 4 patients at stages 7e-f (immobile). The duration of the disease from FAST stage 5 until demise ranged from 2 to 8 years in the first of these subgroups, and from 10 to 13 years in the second. The volumes of the entire hippocampal formation and of the cornu ammonis, its sectors and layers, the dentate gyrus, the subicular complex, and the entorhinal cortex were calculated. Hippocampal formation volume decreased by 36% in the incipient averbal and nonambulatory patients and by 60% in the severely functionally impaired immobile patients, in comparison with controls. In the final substages of AD, immobile patients exhibited significant atrophy, in comparison with controls, in the cornu ammonis and all of its sectors and layers except CA4, the subicular complex and all of its parts, and the entorhinal cortex (p < 0.05). Within the AD patient group, significant correlations were noted between both the magnitude of functional severity and the duration of AD and the volumes of most hippocampal formation subdivisions studied. For the cornu ammonis, subicular complex, and entorhinal cortex, volumetric loss correlations with FAST stage 7 ordinally enumerated substages were r = -0.71, -0.79, and -0.62, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":79336,"journal":{"name":"Dementia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"6 4","pages":"205-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000106948","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18557910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 127

The cortical neuritic dystrophy of Alzheimer's disease: nature, significance, and possible pathogenesis. 阿尔茨海默病的皮质神经性营养不良:性质、意义和可能的发病机制。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106950

A J Larner

引用次数: 27

Beta-amyloid deposition in the medial temporal lobe in elderly non-demented brains and in Alzheimer's disease. 老年非痴呆大脑和阿尔茨海默病中颞叶内侧β -淀粉样蛋白沉积。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106933

R A Armstrong

引用次数: 48

Neuropathological analysis of dementia in a Japanese leprosarium. 日本麻风院内痴呆的神经病理学分析。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106939

M Goto, T Kimura, S Hagio, K Ueda, S Kitajima, H Tokunaga, E Sato

{"title":"Neuropathological analysis of dementia in a Japanese leprosarium.","authors":"M Goto, T Kimura, S Hagio, K Ueda, S Kitajima, H Tokunaga, E Sato","doi":"10.1159/000106939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000106939","url":null,"abstract":"In a neuropathological study of consecutive autopsies, prevalence and cause of dementia in a Japanese leprosarium were investigated, where more than 95% of inpatients with a mean age of 70 years are now free from active leprosy. In 10 years (1983-1992), clinically overt dementia at death was 35/136 (25.7%) in the age group over 65 years (mean age 79.4). Autopsy was performed in 85 cases (mean age 81 years), and clinically overt dementia was seen in 25 subjects (29.4%). Neuropathologically, Alzheimer's disease (AD) was seen in 9 cases (10.6%), vascular dementia (VD) in 9 cases (10.6%), mixed type in 3 cases (3.5%) and unclassified in 4 cases (4.7%). In the age group of 65-84 years, AD was 5/58 (8.6%), VD was 4/58 (6.9%), mixed type was 2/58 (3.4%), and unclassified was 1/58 (1.7%). Compared with previous Japanese general population-based data, where VD was more frequent than AD, the rate of dementia in our leprosarium was high, and pathologically confirmed AD was as common as VD. Recently, a prophylactic effect of the antileprosy and anti-inflammatory drug DDS (dapsone, 4,4'-diaminodiphenyl sulfone) has been suggested. Lepromatous patients take more DDS (51.9%) than tuberculoid patients (11.5%), however, as the dementia rate of tuberculoid leprosy (17.9%) in those 65-84 years old is similar to lepromatous leprosy (15.9%) in our study, we do not support their viewpoint.","PeriodicalId":79336,"journal":{"name":"Dementia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"6 3","pages":"157-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000106939","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18624685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 22

Clinical diagnosis of frontal lobe dementia and Alzheimer's disease: relation to cerebral perfusion, brain atrophy and electroencephalography. 额叶痴呆和阿尔茨海默病的临床诊断:与脑灌注、脑萎缩和脑电图的关系。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106937

P Julin, L O Wahlund, H Basun, A Persson, K Måre, U Rudberg

引用次数: 40

Neuronal number and size are preserved in the nucleus basalis of aged rhesus monkeys. 老年恒河猴基底核中神经元的数量和大小仍保持不变。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106936

M L Voytko, R R Sukhov, L C Walker, S J Breckler, D L Price, V E Koliatsos

{"title":"Neuronal number and size are preserved in the nucleus basalis of aged rhesus monkeys.","authors":"M L Voytko, R R Sukhov, L C Walker, S J Breckler, D L Price, V E Koliatsos","doi":"10.1159/000106936","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000106936","url":null,"abstract":"Neurons in the nucleus basalis of Meynert (NBM) were analyzed morphometrically in 21 rhesus monkeys ranging in age from 9 to 33 years. Numbers of cholinergic neurons were similar across all ages at several NBM levels in either Nissl-stained paraffin sections or sections processed immunocytochemically for nerve growth factor receptor (p75LNGFr). Size of NBM neurons was larger in aged monkeys than young monkeys at all NBM levels, particularly in the most posterior subdivision. A subset of monkeys were behaviorally characterized shortly before death, and partial correlation analyses indicated that increased age was associated with declines in recognition memory, visuospatial orientation, and reaction time. Controlling for age, spatial memory and concurrent discrimination abilities were associated with lower cell number in intermediate NBM. Numbers of neurons in anterior NBM did not correlate with any behavioral measure. These observations indicate that numbers of NBM cholinergic neurons are stable with age, that NBM neurons become hypertrophic in older animals, and that morphometric indices of cholinergic neurons are associated with cognitive function.","PeriodicalId":79336,"journal":{"name":"Dementia (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"6 3","pages":"131-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1159/000106936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18624678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 33

Alzheimer disease amyloid proteins inhibit brain endothelial cell proliferation in vitro. 阿尔茨海默病淀粉样蛋白体外抑制脑内皮细胞增殖。

Dementia (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 1995-05-01 DOI: 10.1159/000106934

P Grammas, T Botchlet, R Fugate, M J Ball, A E Roher

引用次数: 32