Annals of Internal Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Health Care Delivery of Clinical Preventive Services for People With Disabilities : <b>A Systematic Review</b>.","authors":"David I Buckley, Frances Hsu, Tracy Dana, Keeley Blackie, Rebecca Holmes, Peggy Nygren, Willi Horner-Johnson, Christina Nicolaidis, Roger Chou","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-02446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-02446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with disabilities are less likely than the general population to receive clinical preventive services.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To summarize barriers to and facilitators of receipt of preventive services and effectiveness of interventions to improve receipt of preventive services among people with disabilities.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>Five electronic databases through September 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Dual independent screening of abstracts and full texts for 20 recommended preventive services.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>Single reviewer, with a second reviewer verifying accuracy.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>Among 11 586 references, 74 studies were included (60 on barriers and facilitators, 16 on interventions, and 2 on both barriers/facilitators and interventions). Most evidence was on screening for breast (<i>n</i> = 48) and cervical (<i>n</i> = 33) cancer. Barriers to and facilitators of breast and cervical cancer screening spanned all disability types and across environment, individual, provider, and health care levels. Six randomized controlled trials studied educational interventions for people with physical disabilities (<i>n</i> = 2); cognitive, intellectual, or developmental disabilities (<i>n</i> = 2); sensory disabilities (<i>n</i> = 1); and serious mental illness (<i>n</i> = 1), with mixed findings on effectiveness for different preventive services. Evidence on specific components or harms of interventions was limited.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>High methodological or clinical heterogeneity and limited data for most preventive services and disability types.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Barriers and facilitators for people with disabilities are described for breast and cervical cancer screening at the environment, individual, provider, and health care levels. Randomized studies on general educational interventions target the patient, the caregiver, and providers of people with specific disabilities. Research is needed on interventions that address barriers to and facilitators of receipt of preventive services for people with disabilities.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. (Protocol registered at https://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/products/people-with-disabilities/protocol).</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"International Medical Graduates Are Integral to the Delivery of Patient Care in the United States.","authors":"Darilyn V Moyer, Shari Erickson, Isaac O Opole","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00847","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceptions of Culturally Responsive Care Among People With Disabilities.","authors":"Mihir Kakara, Jaya Aysola","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-01964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-01964","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"There Is No Substitute for Primary Care Physicians: A Response to the Association of American Medical Colleges' Workforce Model.","authors":"Christin Giordano McAuliffe","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-03806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-24-03806","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Damage Control in the Wake of Political Action That Threatens the Integrity of Medical Research.","authors":"Christine Laine, Stephanie Chang, Vineet Chopra, Deborah Cotton, Eliseo Guallar, Christina Wee, Sankey Williams","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00985","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Web Exclusive. Annals On Call - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.","authors":"Robert M Centor, Michelle Lai","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00932-OC","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7326/ANNALS-25-00932-OC","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":"178 3","pages":"e2500932OC"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Expenditures of Patients With Diabetes After Bariatric Surgery: Comparing Gastric Bypass and Sleeve Gastrectomy.","authors":"Matthew L Maciejewski, Lindsay Zepel, Valerie A Smith, David E Arterburn, Mary K Theis, Aileen Baecker, Caroline Sloan, Amy G Clark, Ryan M Kane, Christopher R Daigle, Karen J Coleman, Aniket A Kawatkar","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00480","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and sleeve gastrectomy (SG) differ in their effects on body weight and risk for reoperation. However, it is unclear whether long-term health expenditures differ by procedure type in patients with diabetes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare health expenditures 3 years before and 5.5 years after bariatric surgery between patients with diabetes undergoing RYGB versus SG.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study using target trial emulation principles.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Integrated health system.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Patients with diabetes undergoing RYGB (<i>n</i> = 3147) or SG (<i>n</i> = 3510) from 2012 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Total, inpatient, outpatient, and medication expenditures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Characteristics of patients undergoing RYGB and SG were well balanced after weighting; 73% were female, average body mass index was 43.8 kg/m², and average age was 50 years. Expenditures per 6-month period decreased by about 30% for both groups, from $4039.06 (95% CI, $3770.88 to $4326.31) 3 years before to $2441.13 (CI, $2151.07 to $2770.30) 5.5 years after RYGB and from $3918.37 (CI, $3658.75 to $4196.40) 3 years before to $2658.15 (CI, $2279.17 to $3100.16) 5.5 years after SG. Total expenditures after surgery did not differ between groups through 5.5 years (difference at 5.5 years, -$217.02 [CI, -$671.29 to $201.96]) except for the first 6 months, when expenditures were transiently higher in the RYGB group (difference, $564.32 [CI, $232.60 to $895.20]), driven by a higher inpatient admission rate. Otherwise, postsurgical outpatient and medication expenditures did not appear to differ between RYGB and SG.</p><p><strong>Limitation: </strong>Unobserved confounding.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall expenditures decreased substantially in the postsurgical period, primarily due to reductions in pharmacy expenditures, with no differences between RYGB and SG except in the first 6 months after surgery.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"305-314"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143051392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients' Values and Preferences Regarding Pharmacologic Treatments for the Prevention of Episodic Migraine Headache: A Systematic Review for the American College of Physicians.","authors":"Bada Yang, Robin W M Vernooij, Demy L Idema, Linde Huis In 't Veld, Mike P T Kusters, Rene Spijker, Kim van der Braak, Pauline Heus, Kevin Jenniskens, Lotty Hooft, Johanna A A Damen","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00317","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-24-00317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Decision making regarding pharmacologic treatments for the prevention of episodic migraine may depend on the importance that patients place on outcomes and specific treatment preferences.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess patients' values and preferences regarding pharmacologic treatments for the prevention of episodic migraine.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>MEDLINE and CINAHL from inception to April 2024.</p><p><strong>Study selection: </strong>Quantitative studies reporting on values and preferences regarding pharmacologic treatments for the prevention of migraine in adults were eligible.</p><p><strong>Data extraction: </strong>We extracted data on study design, participants, and findings and assessed risk of bias using a tool developed by the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) working group.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>We included 6 studies (5 discrete choice experiments and 1 survey) comprising a total of 2307 participants and assessing the importance of a total of 32 attributes. Risk of bias was moderate in 3 and low in 3 studies; all but 1 were industry spon sored. Migraine severity, frequency, and duration were found to be the most important among several outcomes including acute medication need and side effects (low certainty). Other outcomes of importance were migraine attack on day 1 postdosing (moderate certainty) and duration of daily activity limitations (high certainty). Patients preferred oral tablets to injections and infusions (moderate certainty).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Importance of attributes relative to each other could not be assessed due to the scarcity of direct comparisons. Participant sampling was unclearly reported in most studies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients may have the strongest preference for oral treatments that reduce the severity, frequency, and duration of their migraine attacks, which reduce the duration of daily activity limitations and reduce risk of migraine on day 1. Side effects may be less important.</p><p><strong>Primary funding source: </strong>American College of Physicians. (PROSPERO: CRD42023414305).</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"381-388"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the Health of Medicare Advantage and Traditional Medicare Beneficiaries: Risk Scores Versus Reality.","authors":"Amal N Trivedi, Richard Kronick","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00088","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00088","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"441-442"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143490525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In acute MI and acute or chronic anemia, liberal vs. restrictive transfusion did not affect recurrent MI or death.","authors":"Julianah O Oguntala, Andrew T Yan","doi":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00161-JC","DOIUrl":"10.7326/ANNALS-25-00161-JC","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Clinical impact ratings: </strong>GIM/FP/GP: [Formula: see text] Cardiology: [Formula: see text] Hematology: [Formula: see text].</p>","PeriodicalId":7932,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Internal Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"JC35"},"PeriodicalIF":19.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}