Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics最新文献_第9页

Polyelectrolyte Complex Coacervates: Recent Developments and New Frontiers 聚电解质复合物凝聚体:最新进展和新领域

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042020-113457

A. Rumyantsev, N. Jackson, J. Pablo

引用次数: 63

On the Role of Competing Interactions in Charged Colloids with Short-Range Attraction 关于竞争相互作用在短程吸引带电胶体中的作用

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2021-03-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-061020-053046

J. Ruiz-Franco, E. Zaccarelli

引用次数: 21

Director Deformations, Geometric Frustration, and Modulated Phases in Liquid Crystals 液晶中的定向变形、几何挫折和调制相位

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2021-03-05 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031620-105712

Jonathan V Selinger

{"title":"Director Deformations, Geometric Frustration, and Modulated Phases in Liquid Crystals","authors":"Jonathan V Selinger","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031620-105712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031620-105712","url":null,"abstract":"This article analyzes modulated phases in liquid crystals, from the long-established cholesteric and blue phases to the recently discovered twist-bend, splay-bend, and splay nematic phases, as well as the twist-grain-boundary (TGB) and helical nanofilament variations on smectic phases. The analysis uses the concept of four fundamental modes of director deformation: twist, bend, splay, and a fourth mode related to saddle-splay. Each mode is coupled to a specific type of molecular order: chirality, polarization perpendicular and parallel to the director, and octupolar order. When the liquid crystal develops one type of spontaneous order, the ideal local structure becomes nonuniform, with the corresponding director deformation. In general, the ideal local structure is frustrated; it cannot fill space. As a result, the liquid crystal must form a complex global phase, which may have a combination of deformation modes, and may have a periodic array of defects. Thus, the concept of an ideal local structure under geometric frustration provides a unified framework to understand the wide variety of modulated phases. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics, Volume 13 is March 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2021-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48353670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Band Representations and Topological Quantum Chemistry 能带表示与拓扑量子化学

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-06-08 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-041720-124134

Jennifer Cano, B. Bradlyn

引用次数: 53

Modeling Grain Boundaries in Polycrystalline Halide Perovskite Solar Cells 多晶卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池的晶界模拟

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-04-09 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042020-025347

Ji-Sang Park, A. Walsh

引用次数: 19

The Fracture of Highly Deformable Soft Materials: A Tale of Two Length Scales 高变形软质材料的断裂:两个长度尺度的故事

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-04-07 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042020-023937

Rong Long, C. Hui, J. Gong, E. Bouchbinder

{"title":"The Fracture of Highly Deformable Soft Materials: A Tale of Two Length Scales","authors":"Rong Long, C. Hui, J. Gong, E. Bouchbinder","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042020-023937","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042020-023937","url":null,"abstract":"The fracture of highly deformable soft materials is of great practical importance in a wide range of technological applications, emerging in fields such as soft robotics, stretchable electronics, and tissue engineering. From a basic physics perspective, the failure of these materials poses fundamental challenges due to the strongly nonlinear and dissipative deformation involved. In this review, we discuss the physics of cracks in soft materials and highlight two length scales that characterize the strongly nonlinear elastic and dissipation zones near crack tips in such materials. We discuss physical processes, theoretical concepts, and mathematical results that elucidate the nature of the two length scales and show that the two length scales can classify a wide range of materials. The emerging multiscale physical picture outlines the theoretical ingredients required for the development of predictive theories of the fracture of soft materials. We conclude by listing open challenges and directions for future investigations.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2020-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-042020-023937","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41458754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 85

Statistical Mechanics of Deep Learning 深度学习统计力学

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-03-16 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050745

Yasaman Bahri, Jonathan Kadmon, Jeffrey Pennington, S. Schoenholz, Jascha Narain Sohl-Dickstein, S. Ganguli

引用次数: 171

Smart Responsive Polymers: Fundamentals and Design Principles 智能响应聚合物:基本原理和设计原则

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050618

D. Mukherji, C. Marques, K. Kremer

{"title":"Smart Responsive Polymers: Fundamentals and Design Principles","authors":"D. Mukherji, C. Marques, K. Kremer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050618","url":null,"abstract":"In this review, we summarize recent theoretical and computational developments in the field of smart responsive materials, together with complementary experimental data. A material is referred to as smart responsive when a slight change in external stimulus can drastically alter its structure, function, or stability. Because of this smart responsiveness, these systems are used for the design of advanced functional materials. The most characteristic properties of smart polymers are discussed, especially polymer properties in solvent mixtures. We show how multiscale simulation approaches can shed light on the intriguing experimental observations. Special emphasis is given to two symmetric phenomena: co-non-solvency and co-solvency. The first phenomenon is associated with the collapse of polymers in two miscible good solvents, whereas the latter is associated with the swelling of polymers in poor solvent mixtures. Furthermore, we discuss when the standard Flory–Huggins-type mean-field polymer theory can (or cannot) be applied to understand these complex solution properties. We also sketch a few examples to highlight possible future directions, that is, how smart polymer properties can be used for the design principles of advanced functional materials.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46588979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

Bubbly and Buoyant Particle–Laden Turbulent Flows 充满气泡和浮力粒子的湍流

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050637

V. Mathai, D. Lohse, Chao Sun

{"title":"Bubbly and Buoyant Particle–Laden Turbulent Flows","authors":"V. Mathai, D. Lohse, Chao Sun","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050637","url":null,"abstract":"Fluid turbulence is commonly associated with stronger drag, greater heat transfer, and more efficient mixing than in laminar flows. In many natural and industrial settings, turbulent liquid flows contain suspensions of dispersed bubbles and light particles. Recently, much attention has been devoted to understanding the behavior and underlying physics of such flows by use of both experiments and high-resolution direct numerical simulations. This review summarizes our present understanding of various phenomenological aspects of bubbly and buoyant particle–laden turbulent flows. We begin by discussing different dynamical regimes, including those of crossing trajectories and wake-induced oscillations of rising particles, and regimes in which bubbles and particles preferentially accumulate near walls or within vortical structures. We then address how certain paradigmatic turbulent flows, such as homogeneous isotropic turbulence, channel flow, Taylor–Couette turbulence, and thermally driven turbulence, are modified by the presence of these dispersed bubbles and buoyant particles. We end with a list of summary points and future research questions.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031119-050637","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49017690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 92

Majorana Zero Modes in Networks of Cooper-Pair Boxes: Topologically Ordered States and Topological Quantum Computation 铜对盒网络中的Majorana零模式:拓扑有序态和拓扑量子计算

IF 22.6 1区物理与天体物理

Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics Pub Date : 2020-03-10 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013618

Y. Oreg, F. Oppen

{"title":"Majorana Zero Modes in Networks of Cooper-Pair Boxes: Topologically Ordered States and Topological Quantum Computation","authors":"Y. Oreg, F. Oppen","doi":"10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013618","url":null,"abstract":"Recent experimental progress introduced devices that can combine topological superconductivity with Coulomb-blockade effects. Experiments with these devices have already provided additional evidence for Majorana zero modes in proximity-coupled semiconductor wires. They also stimulated numerous ideas for how to exploit interactions between Majorana zero modes generated by Coulomb charging effects in networks of Majorana wires. Coulomb effects promise to become a powerful tool in the quest for a topological quantum computer as well as for driving topological superconductors into topologically ordered insulating states. Here, we present a focused review of these recent developments, including discussions of recent experiments, designs of topological qubits, Majorana-based implementations of universal quantum computation, and topological quantum error correction. Motivated by the analogy between a qubit and a spin-1/2 degree of freedom, we also review how coupling between Cooper-pair boxes leads to emergent topologically ordered insulating phases.","PeriodicalId":7925,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Condensed Matter Physics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":22.6,"publicationDate":"2020-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1146/annurev-conmatphys-031218-013618","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47123063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41