Andrology最新文献

{"title":"From concept to the clinic: Retinoic acid receptor α antagonist YCT-529, an oral non-hormonal male contraceptive.","authors":"Noha Taher, Ehfazul Haque, Gunda I Georg","doi":"10.1111/andr.70106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>YCT-529 reversibly reduces sperm counts to infertility levels in mice and non-human primates. Mice mating studies demonstrated 99% effectiveness in preventing pregnancies. YCT-529 has completed a first-in-class, double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase I clinical safety study in men and is currently being investigated in a Phase Ib/IIa clinical study.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress and testicular damage induced by chronic exposure to 35.5 GHz millimeter wave radiation in male Wistar rats.","authors":"Rohit Gautam, Neha Jha, Anuj Kumar Tomar, Jay Prakash Nirala, Taruna Arora, Paulraj Rajamani","doi":"10.1111/andr.70107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The widespread usage of millimeter waves (MMW) in different spheres of the public domain necessitates to have a better understanding of any possible health impacts caused by them. The latest example of this is the global implementation of 5G technology.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The present investigation aimed to study the effects of 35.5 GHz frequency on reproductive parameters of male Wistar rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study employed a randomized controlled design, with animals being assigned to control, sham-exposed, and exposed groups, with six animals in each group (n = 6). The experimental group was exposed to 35.5 GHz frequency for 2 h per day for 60 days. At the end of the exposure period, various sperm parameters such as sperm count, morphology, viability, and sperm mitochondrial activity were evaluated. The evaluation of oxidative stress was done by lipid peroxidation assay in testis homogenate. Superoxide dismutase, total sulfhydryl level, and total antioxidant capacity were assessed in testis homogenate. The DNA damage in the testis was assessed through the comet assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed a significant decrease in sperm viability and count, as well as morphometric changes in testis histopathology. Lipid peroxidation testis was significantly elevated in the exposed group, while superoxide dismutase (SOD), total sulfhydryl level, and total antioxidant capacity were significantly decreased in the exposed group. The comet assay revealed a significant increase in DNA damage in the exposed group, indicating genotoxic effects.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The observed changes in sperm parameters, testicular morphology, and oxidative stress markers highlight the potential for testicular tissue damage via oxidative mechanisms. These results underscore the need for further research to elucidate the biological implications of chronic MMW exposure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Chronic exposure to 35.5 GHz frequency may negatively impact male reproductive function and testicular tissue, primarily through mechanisms involving oxidative stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144833784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetics of infertility and \"assisted fertilization\" in the Bible: The case of Abraham and his family.","authors":"Manuela Simoni, Frank Tüttelmann, Livio Casarini","doi":"10.1111/andr.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Couple infertility is a very ancient medical condition. One of the first descriptions of familial infertility/subfertility is contained in the first book of the Bible, Genesis, written in the 10th century BC and reporting tales from the oral tradition even occurred about 800 years earlier. Genesis reports the peculiar case of Abraham and his descendants, Isaac and Jacob, the three patriarchs of Israel. The (favorite) wife of the three of them suffered from primary infertility and, according to Genesis, could reach pregnancy only in late age and for divine intervention. In this paper, we reconstruct the pedigree of Abraham's family on the basis of the biblical narration, which is rich enough of medical details to allow to reconstruct a plausible medical/genetic reason for the cases of infertility reported therein.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rotating shiftwork in men is linked to decreased fecundity, attributable primarily to sperm concentration and vitality: 24-month follow-up in 3425 males of PREBIC cohort.","authors":"Yimeng Wang, Mengchao He, Xi Ling, Tong Wang, Chenran Yin, Huan Yang, Niya Zhou, Wenzheng Zhou, Qing Chen, Jia Cao","doi":"10.1111/andr.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous observational studies investigating the association between shift work and male fecundity employed retrospective designs and reported inconsistent findings. The distinction between rotating and fixed shift work has been noticed but not often taken into consideration in the field of reproductive health. Whether semen parameters played a role in this relationship was also unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to prospectively evaluate the association between male rotating shift work and achieving a successful pregnancy, and to assess the contribution of semen parameters to this relationship.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Men reported their work type (rotating shift workers, fixed day workers, and fixed shift workers) and seven semen parameters (semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, progressive motility, total motility, vitality, and normal morphology) were measured. Participants were contacted every 3 months for pregnancy status for up to 24 months or until conception. The rates of achieving a successful pregnancy within 1 year and 2 years were calculated to estimate male fecundity. Cox regression and linear regression were applied to compare the hazard of achieving a pregnancy within 1/2 year and semen parameters among rotating shift workers, fixed day workers, and fixed shift workers. Mediation analysis was applied to examine the contributions of semen parameters to the shiftwork-fecundity association.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) After adjusting confounders, rotating shift workers had a 16% (HR = 0.84, 95% CI, 0.70-0.99, p = 0.04) and 14% (HR = 0.86, 95% CI, 0.74-1.01, p = 0.06) lower hazard of achieving a pregnancy within 1 year and 2 years, respectively, compared to fixed day workers. (2) Of the seven semen parameters, the rotating shift workers were significantly associated with lower sperm concentration (β = -10.77%, 95% CI, -18.89% to -2.55%, p = 0.01), total sperm count (β = -11.63%, 95% CI, -21.25% to -2.02%, p = 0.02), and vitality (β = -3.86%, 95% CI, -7.00% to -0.72%, p = 0.02) compared to the fixed day workers. No significant difference was found between fixed day workers and fixed shift workers. (3) Sperm concentration accounted for 33.46% and 31.12% of the total effect of the relationship between rotating shift work and lower hazard of achieving a pregnancy within 1 and 2 years. Vitality also mediated this association by 30.79% and 23.59%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Male rotating shift work was associated with reduced fecundity, primarily attributed to reduced sperm concentration and vitality. The study emphasizes the need for occupational protection and provision of medical care for male workers with rotating shifts.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144741007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The aporetic dialogs of Modena on gender differences: Is it all about testosterone? Episode III: Mathematics.","authors":"Giulia Brigante, Francesco Costantino, Alessio Bellelli, Stefano Boni, Chiara Furini, Rita Cucchiara, Manuela Simoni","doi":"10.1111/andr.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report is the transcript of what was discussed in a convention at the Endocrinology Unit in Modena, Italy, in the form of the aporetic dialogs of ancient Greece. It is the third episode of a series of four discussions on the differences between males and females, with a multidisciplinary approach. In this work, the role of testosterone in gender differences in the aptitude for mathematics is explored. First, the definitions of mathematical abilities were provided together with any gender difference in the distribution of females and males in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics subjects. A clear predominance of males is evident at most science, technology, engineering, and mathematics education levels, especially in advanced academic careers. Then, the discussants were divided into two groups: group 1, which illustrated the thesis that testosterone promotes the development of logical‒mathematical skills, and group 2, which, in contrast, asserted the inconsistency of a direct role of testosterone in improving cognitive abilities and that socio-cultural factors should be considered on the basis of this gender gap. In the end, an expert referee (a female engineer) tried to resolve the aporia: are the two theories equivalent or is one superior?</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144726586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial transcriptomics mapping of immune cell and TGFβ signalling pathway heterogeneity in testicular germ cell tumours.","authors":"Sarah C Moody, Daniela Fietz, Benedict Nathaniel, Mark Frydenberg, Ben Tran, Hans-Christian Schuppe, Kate L Loveland","doi":"10.1111/andr.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCTs) are amongst the most common malignancies in young men, and their incidence is increasing worldwide. Tissue heterogeneity hampers efforts to understand how TGCT precursors (termed germ cell neoplasia in situ; GCNIS) emerge and progress, restricting elucidation of new strategies for diagnosis and management.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study reports the use of spatial transcriptomic analysis in TGCT tissue sections.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Over 90 regions of interest (ROIs) were identified in sections from four TGCT patients' samples, three with non-seminoma, one seminoma. Transcripts in each ROI were sequenced and examined using the NanoString GeoMx spatial whole transcriptomics workflow, the values normalised and analysed using Degust RNA-Seq and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The distribution and expression of functional markers in specific cell types was used to map individual tumours, GCNIS, and tumour-adjacent regions. Significant heterogeneity in TGCTs and surrounding areas is documented between patients and across different regions in the same tumour. Immune cell-related transcripts encoding macrophage, T cell, B cell, natural killer cell, dendritic cells and neutrophil subsets were identified as contributing substantially to tumour heterogeneity. Assessment of ROIs containing GCNIS and areas immediately adjacent from two individual non-seminoma tumour samples identified the TGFβ family as contributing to upstream regulation of transcripts in both patients; known activin A target genes were differentially expressed between the GCNIS and microenvironment ROIs. In addition, two discrete tumour areas within the seminoma sample displayed distinct transcript profiles, one featuring higher levels of immune cell-related transcripts, and the other TGFβ superfamily transcripts.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight aspects of the complex challenge faced while seeking therapeutic targets to enable tumour spread restriction. However, these outcomes reinforce knowledge that TGFβ family members can influence seminoma fate and provide new evidence of their potential contribution to the transition of GCNIS cells into tumours.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering novel therapeutic targets for premature ejaculation from gut microbiota: A prospective high-throughput sequencing study.","authors":"Guangdong Hou, Geng Zhang, Yu Zheng, Siyan Zhang, Massimo Federici, Ping Meng, Fuli Wang, Bo Zhang, Emmanuele A Jannini, Jianlin Yuan","doi":"10.1111/andr.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite being the only approved oral therapy for premature ejaculation (PE), dapoxetine faces high discontinuation rates because of its suboptimal efficacy. Given that the role of gut microbiota in PE treatment has remained unexplored, we aim to investigate gut microbiota that may reflect the efficacy of dapoxetine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinical data and fecal samples were collected from patients with lifelong PE before treatment. Gut microbiota was profiled via 16S rDNA sequencing, and differential microbiota between effective and ineffective groups were identified with the LEfSe method. To explore potential links between gut dysbiosis and efficacy, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway functional predictions were performed with the PICRUSt2 method. Efficacy was assessed using the Clinical Global Impression of Change (CGIC) scale, with scores ≥1 defined as the effective group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the effective group, Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG_003, Parabacteroides_distasonis, and Prevotella_7_unclassified were significantly more prevalent, while Collinsella aerofaciens was less abundant. Their abundance was significantly correlated with CGIC scores, with correlation coefficients of 0.331, 0.250, 0.288, and ‒0.345, respectively. The discriminatory abilities of the four differential microbiota were 0.654, 0.669, 0.701, and 0.615, respectively. Incorporating them significantly improved the accuracy of the model predicting efficacy (0.796 vs. 0.738), which further suggests that modulating microbiota could be a novel strategy for PE treatment. The predicted gene abundance in the arachidonic acid metabolism pathway was significantly elevated in the effective group, indicating that dapoxetine's mechanism may also involve modulating this pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified gut microbiota associated with the efficacy of dapoxetine for the first time. Targeted modulation of specific gut microbiota may provide a novel strategy for PE treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144681901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain structural and functional differences in anejaculation and sleep disorders: A functional magnetic resonance imaging-based approach.","authors":"Qiushi Liu, Ming Wang, Dangwei Peng, Zihang Chen, Juncheng Ma, Jinying Yang, Tommaso B Jannini, Emmanuele A Jannini, Ci Zou, Hui Jiang, Xiansheng Zhang","doi":"10.1111/andr.70095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Sleep disorders (SDs) have been identified as an independent risk factor for ejaculatory dysfunctions; yet the neurophysiological mechanisms underlying the comorbidity between anejaculation (AE) and SDs remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the potential pathways that connect SDs and AE, comparing findings across a sample of affected patients and healthy controls (HCs) to better elucidate these complex interactions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) data were obtained for 21 AE patients, 20 patients with anejaculation accompanied by sleep disorders (AESD), and 18 HCs. We analyzed group differences in fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), regional homogeneity (ReHo), voxel-based morphometry (VBM), and functional connectivity (FC) values between brain regions of interest (ROIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FALFF significant differences were seen in the medial superior frontal gyrus as well as in the left middle occipital gyrus. ReHo analysis demonstrated significant differences among groups in the left middle occipital gyrus, left superior parietal lobe, and left middle temporal gyrus. Different cerebellar area 7b volumes in the AE group compared to the other groups were also reported. Additionally, the AESDs group demonstrated different FC signals in multiple brain areas compared to the other groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Rs-fMRI reported structural and functional differences in the brain activity across three groups. This study was the first to disentangle potential links between sleep disorders and AE, generating insights that may guide future therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Testicular vasal diameter: A new intra-operative predictor of vasectomy reversal success?","authors":"Trevor J Maloney, Daniel B Armstrong, Loran J Grant, Gartrell C Bowling, Michael Zamani, Nora Watson, Robert C Dean, Dorota J Hawksworth","doi":"10.1111/andr.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/andr.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vasectomy reversal (VR) can be a challenging surgery and numerous factors have been identified to guide surgical decision-making to optimize success.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of this study was to identify pre-operative and intra-operative factors associated with VR surgical method and success. Additionally, we aimed to investigate the role of testicular vas deferens diameter in surgical decision-making and success.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study was a retrospective cohort of men >18 years of age who underwent a VR at our Institution from January 2008 to June 2023. Qualified patients underwent chart review and details recorded included age, obstructive interval, surgical technique, vasal lumen diameters, presence of sperm granuloma or surgical clips, sperm quality, and vasal fluid quality. Semen analysis (SA) parameters were also recorded. Pregnancy outcomes were ascertained via telephone interview. Descriptive statistics and correlations were analyzed with two-sample t-tests for continuous and chi-square or Fisher's exact tests for categorical characteristics. Logistic regression using generalized estimating equation (GEE) methods was used to estimate associations of diameter with surgery types unadjusted and adjusted for patient and intra-operative fluid characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 710 patients underwent VR during the study period and 326 post-operative semen analyses were available for review. Average patient was 38 years old, with an obstructive interval of 10 years. Vasoepididymostomy (VE) had modestly larger observed mean testicular vasal lumen diameter (0.94 mm) versus vasovasostomy (VV; 0.88 mm; p = 0.10). However, diameter ≥1 mm was associated with >2 times higher odds of VE versus VV (odds ratio [OR] 2.12; p < 0.01) adjusted for several patient characteristics. VE was associated with lower frequency of positive post-operative semen analyses (64.4% VV/VE or bilateral VE vs. 92.4% bilateral VV), and longer obstructive interval (11.5 years VV/VE or bilateral VE vs. 7.84 years bilateral VV). There were higher rates of spermatozoa on post-operative SAs when bilateral VV was performed (VV/VV 92.3%; VV/VE 73.3%; VE/VE 51.5%; p < 0.001). Of the 207 patients with pregnancy data, 103 (49.8%) experienced pregnancy following VR.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Intra-operative measurements of testicular vasal lumen diameter can be an adjunctive factor that may influence choice of VR technique. This finding can help guide pre-operative surgical counseling and VR success rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144607205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective study of semen quality and fecundability among North American couples planning pregnancy.","authors":"Sharonda M Lovett, Greg J Sommer, Dmitrii Krivorotko, Amelia K Wesselink, Kenneth J Rothman, Elizabeth E Hatch, Michael L Eisenberg, Lauren A Wise","doi":"10.1111/andr.70084","DOIUrl":"10.1111/andr.70084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Few studies have prospectively evaluated semen quality (using the most up-to-date clinically relevant definitions) and fecundability (the per-cycle probability of conception).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study semen quality in relation to fecundability.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We analyzed prospectively collected data from 763 male participants aged ≥21 years from Pregnancy Study Online (PRESTO), a North American preconception cohort study (2015-2024). Eligible participants for the semen testing substudy resided in the contiguous United States, had been attempting conception for ≤6 cycles at cohort entry, and had a female partner aged 21-45 years with regular menses. Participants used an at-home semen testing device to measure semen volume, sperm concentration, and motile sperm concentration. Participants contributed up to two semen tests during the preconception period (1376 total semen samples). We calculated sperm motility, total sperm count, and total motile sperm count. We evaluated results according to 2021 World Health Organization (WHO)-defined thresholds for low semen quality. Female participants reported their pregnancy status on bimonthly follow-up questionnaires for up to 12 cycles or until conception, whichever came first. We used proportional probabilities regression models to estimate fecundability ratios (FRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for potential confounders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After accounting for censoring using life-table methods, 80.7% of couples conceived within 12 cycles. FRs were 1.48 (95% CI, 1.05-2.08) for low semen volume (≤1.5 vs. >1.5 mL), 0.74 (95% CI, 0.56-0.97) for low sperm concentration (≤16 vs. >16 million/mL), 0.98 (95% CI, 0.81-1.19) for low sperm motility (≤42 vs. >42%), 0.58 (95% CI, 0.38-0.88) for low total sperm count (≤39 vs. >39 million), and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.52-1.04) for low total motile sperm count (≤21 vs. >21 million). Associations between low total motile sperm count and fecundability were stronger among couples with <3 cycles of attempt time at cohort entry.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In this prospective preconception cohort study of North American couples, most suboptimal semen parameters based on WHO criteria were associated with reduced fecundability, with the exception of low semen volume.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Semen quality at suboptimal levels may adversely affect fecundability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7898,"journal":{"name":"Andrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12380184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}