Animal Reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the full potential of sperm function with nanotechnology tools.","authors":"Serge Leugoué Kameni, Notsile Hleliwe Dlamini, Jean Magloire Feugang","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0033","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sperm quality is essential to guarantee the success of assisted reproduction. However, selecting high-quality sperm and maintaining it during (cryo)preservation for high efficiency remains challenging in livestock reproduction. A comprehensive understanding of sperm biology allows for better assessment of sperm quality, which could replace conventional sperm analyses used today to predict fertility with low accuracy. Omics approaches have revealed numerous biomarkers associated with various sperm phenotypic traits such as quality, survival during storage, freezability, and fertility. At the same time, nanotechnology is emerging as a new biotechnology with high potential for use in preparing sperm intended to improve reproduction in livestock. The unique physicochemical properties of nanoparticles make them exciting tools for targeting (e.g., sperm damage and sexing) and non-targeting bioapplications. Recent advances in sperm biology have led to the discovery of numerous biomarkers, making it possible to target specific subpopulations of spermatozoa within the ejaculate. In this review, we explore potential biomarkers associated with sperm phenotypes and highlight the benefits of combining these biomarkers with nanoparticles to further improve sperm preparation and technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340799/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements to increase success in assisted reproductive technologies in cattle.","authors":"Marja Mikkola, Karolien Leen Jan Desmet, Elisabeth Kommisrud, Michael A Riegler","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0031","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are fundamental for cattle breeding and sustainable food production. Together with genomic selection, these technologies contribute to reducing the generation interval and accelerating genetic progress. In this paper, we discuss advancements in technologies used in the fertility evaluation of breeding animals, and the collection, processing, and preservation of the gametes. It is of utmost importance for the breeding industry to select dams and sires of the next generation as young as possible, as is the efficient and timely collection of gametes. There is a need for reliable and easily applicable methods to evaluate sexual maturity and fertility. Although gametes processing and preservation have been improved in recent decades, challenges are still encountered. The targeted use of sexed semen and beef semen has obliterated the production of surplus replacement heifers and bull calves from dairy breeds, markedly improving animal welfare and ethical considerations in production practices. Parallel with new technologies, many well-established technologies remain relevant, although with evolving applications. <i>In vitro</i> production (IVP) has become the predominant method of embryo production. Although fundamental improvements in IVP procedures have been established, the quality of IVP embryos remains inferior to their <i>in vivo</i> counterparts. Improvements to facilitate oocyte maturation and development of new culture systems, e.g. microfluidics, are presented in this paper. New non-invasive and objective tools are needed to select embryos for transfer. Cryopreservation of semen and embryos plays a pivotal role in the distribution of genetics, and we discuss the challenges and opportunities in this field. Finally, machine learning (ML) is gaining ground in agriculture and ART. This paper delves into the utilization of emerging technologies in ART, along with the current status, key challenges, and future prospects of ML in both research and practical applications within ART.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240031"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340803/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution over the last 40 years of the assisted reproduction technologies in cattle - the Brazilian perspective I - timed artificial insemination.","authors":"José Nélio de Sousa Sales, Guilherme Pugliesi, Laís Reis Carvalho, Luiz Manoel Sousa Simões, Lucas Araujo Lemos, Matheus Pedroso Vicente, Rafael Resende Rabelo Silva, Pietro Sampaio Baruselli","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0034","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The reproductive efficiency of the herd is correlated with higher productivity in livestock. Reproduction biotechniques, such as ovulation synchronization protocols, are important to optimize production and accelerate genetic profit in beef and dairy herds. The objective of this review is to describe the evolution over the last 40 years of the artificial insemination (AI) and the timed-AI (TAI) protocols in cattle from a Brazilian perspective. TAI protocols are based on synchronizing emergence of the wave of follicular growth, controlling circulating progesterone (P4) concentrations, stimulating the final growth of the follicle and inducing a synchronized ovulation. Hormonal alternatives that optimize the response at the end of the protocol and strategies to induce final follicle growth and ovulation in categories of females with low expression of estrus are described. Furthermore, the potential positive effect of previous exposure to injectable P4 on fertility of <i>Bos indicus</i> and <i>Bos taurus</i> cows is also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240034"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340793/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solutions to the fertility equation in beef embryo recipients.","authors":"Mario Binelli, Cecilia Constantino Rocha, Alexandra Bennett, Abdul Waheed, Halima Sultana, Mariângela Bueno Cordeiro Maldonado, Fernando Silveira Mesquita","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0041","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In beef cattle operations that conduct embryo transfer, the overall success depends on the pregnancy outcome that results from every pregnancy opportunity. In this review, we dissected the main components that determine if a recipient will sustain the pregnancy after embryo transfer up to calving. Specifically, we describe the effect of the uterus on its ability to provide a receptive environment for embryo development. We then discuss the capacity of the embryo to thrive after transfer, and especially the contribution of the sire to embryo fitness. Finally, we review the interaction between the uterus and the embryo as an integrated unit that defines the pregnancy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240041"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Puberty in beef heifers: effects of prenatal and postnatal nutrition on the development of the neuroendocrine axis.","authors":"Sarah West, Viviana Garza, Rodolfo Cardoso","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0048","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reproductive maturation is a complex physiological process controlled by the neuroendocrine system and is characterized by an increase in gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) pulsatile secretion. Nutrition during early development is a key factor regulating puberty onset, which is defined as first ovulation in females. In heifers, nutrient restriction after weaning delays puberty, whereas elevated levels of nutrition and energy reserves advance reproductive maturation. Recent studies in cattle and other animal models have shown that the dam's nutrition during gestation can also program the neuroendocrine system in the developing fetus and has the potential to alter timing of puberty in the offspring. Among the metabolic signals that modulate brain development and control timing of puberty is leptin, a hormone produced primarily by adipocytes that communicates energy status to the brain. Leptin acts within the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus to regulate GnRH secretion via an upstream network of neurons that includes neurons that express neuropeptide Y (NPY), an orexigenic peptide with inhibitory effects on GnRH secretion, and alpha melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH), an anorexigenic peptide with excitatory effects on GnRH neurons. Another important population of neurons are KNDy neurons, neurons in the arcuate nucleus that co-express the neuropeptides kisspeptin, neurokinin B, and dynorphin and have strong stimulatory effects on GnRH secretion. Our studies in beef heifers indicate that increased nutrition between 4 to 8 months of age advances puberty by diminishing NPY inhibitory tone and by increasing excitatory inputs of αMSH and kisspeptin, which collectively lead to increased GnRH/LH pulsatility. Our ongoing studies indicate that different planes of nutrition during gestation can alter maternal leptin concentrations and promote changes in the fetal brain. Nonetheless, at least in <i>Bos indicus</i>-influenced heifers, deficits programmed prenatally can be overcome by adequate postnatal nutrition without negatively impacting age at puberty or subsequent fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Successful transposition of sperm freezing, in vitro fertilization and artificial insemination methodologies in the Tadjik markhor species (<i>Capra falconeri heptneri</i>).","authors":"Yann Locatelli, Colin Vion, Nicolas Duffard, Nicolas Bon, Jérémy Bernard, Charly Binaud, Nina Trontti, Gérard Baril, Pascal Mermillod","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0071","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of the present study was to transpose sperm freezing methodology from domestic goat to the Tadjik markhor (<i>Capra falconeri heptneri</i>) and to address the feasibility to develop IVP and artificial insemination using such frozen semen. Semen of different adult markhor males were successfully recovered by electro-ejaculation and were then frozen using caprine methodology. Frozen semen showed good survival rates at thawing and good fertility rates were assessed in heterologous <i>in vitro</i> fertilization system with goat oocytes. LOPU/IVF was applied for Tadjik markhor females allowing the first successful blastocyst production <i>in vitro</i>. In an applied program, we also transposed successfully intrauterine AI method with frozen/thawed semen to the Tadjik markhor.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The microbiome effect on the female reproductive performance.","authors":"Ricardo Zanella, Janine de Camargo, Claudia Almeida Scariot, Mariana Groke Marques","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0063","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The female reproductive function is coordinated by the endocrine system driven by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. While not directly part of the female reproductive system, the gut microbiome plays a crucial role in overall health, including reproductive health. The gut microbiome communicates bidirectionally with the brain via the gut-brain axis, influencing stress levels, mood, and hormonal balance, which can impact reproductive health and fertility. In addition to that, the vaginal and uterine microbiome are directly involved with the reproductive success of farm animals, including female fertility and offspring development. In this paper, we summarize some of the effects of bacterial contamination in the female reproductive tract and their association with reproductive performance in farm animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240063"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340800/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142035033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the laboratory to the field: how to mitigate pregnancy losses in embryo transfer programs?","authors":"Marcelo Marcondes Seneda, Camila Bortoliero Costa, Amanda Fonseca Zangirolamo, Mariana Moreira Dos Anjos, Gabriela Rodrigues de Paula, Fábio Morotti","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0032","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pregnancy losses negatively affect the cattle industry, impacting economic indices and consequently the entire production chain. Early embryonic failure has been an important challenge in the embryo industry because proper identification of embryo death at the beginning of gestation is difficult. This review aimed to provide a better understanding on reproductive failure and the relationship between early embryonic loss and different reproductive biotechniques. This review also considers insights and possible strategies for reducing early embryonic loss. The strategies addressed are as follows: i) great impact of rigorous embryo evaluation on reducing embryo losses; ii) selection of recipients at the time of transfer, taking into account health and nutritional status, and classification of the corpus luteum using ultrasound, either in area or vascularization; and iii) paternal effect as one of the factors that contribute to pregnancy losses, with a focus on embryo transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240032"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of semen with female reproductive tract tissues: what we know, what we guess and what we need to do.","authors":"John James Bromfield","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0042","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For nearly 100 years the postcoital inflammatory response has been described in the female reproductive tract of rodents. Since the 1950's this observation has been made in a number of animals including humans and domestic species. Yet pregnancy can be initiated and maintained by using embryo transfer which bypasses insemination and the related postcoital inflammatory response. Thus, the role of semen exposure beyond sperm transport and subsequent postcoital inflammatory response in female reproductive tissues has yet to be given a true physiological purpose. Historically the postcoital inflammatory response of female tissues was suggested to remove spermatozoa and male derived pathogens from the female reproductive tract. More recently, semen exposure and the postcoital inflammatory response have been suggested to play a role in long-term preparation of the maternal immune system to the semi-allogeneic pregnancy, ancillary support of the preimplantation embryo, and potentially fetal programing that improves pregnancy outcomes, while the absence or inappropriate postcoital inflammation has been suggested to contribute to pregnancy complications. Although the postcoital inflammatory response has been robustly characterized, the evidence for its role in promoting positive pregnancy outcomes or reducing pregnancy complications remains tenuous. This manuscript is designed to balance the information we know regarding semen exposure and postcoital inflammation in various animal systems, with the information we perceive to be factual but perhaps not yet fully tested, along with the data we have yet to generate if we intend to postulate a physiological purpose of the postcoital inflammatory response to pregnancy outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240042"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the safety of antibiotics added to collared peccary (<i>Pecari tajacu</i>) semen extender through a multiparametric thermoresistance test.","authors":"Caio Sérgio Santos, Yasmim Carla da Silva Cavalcante, Lívia Batista Campos, Andréia Maria da Silva, Francisco Marlon Carneiro Feijó, Alexandre Rodrigues Silva","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0018","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2024-0018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of antibiotics on sperm longevity in collared peccary (<i>Pecari tajacu</i>) fresh diluted semen was evaluated. Semen samples from six adult males were collected by electroejaculation and diluted in Tris-citrate-fructose alone (control) and plus streptomycin-penicillin (2 mg/ml-2000 IU/ml) or gentamicin (70 µg/ml). Membrane integrity and functionality, mitochondrial activity and sperm morphology were assessed subjectively. Sperm motility and other kinetic parameters were objectively assessed using CASA (computer-assisted semen analysis). The semen diluted according to the treatments were submitted to the thermoresistance test, incubated at 37 ° C, and the sperm parameters analyzed at 0, 30, 60, 120 and 180 min. The average values of the treatments were compared with each other and between the times. There were no differences (P > 0.05) between treatments until the end of the test. Control and streptomycin-penicillin samples maintained sperm function for up to 180 min (with total motility of 24.3 ± 7.1% and 28 ± 8.7%, respectively). Gentamicin aliquots retained most parameters until the end of the incubation, except for membrane integrity and mitochondrial activity that declined (P < 0.05) at 180 min (53.1 ± 7.1% and 50.7 ± 6.2%, respectively) compared to 0 min (80.5 ± 4.7% and 86.3 ± 3.4%, respectively). In conclusion, a multiparametric thermoresistance test proved that Tris-based extenders used for collared peccary semen can be effectively supplemented by streptomycin-penicillin (2 mg/ml-2000 IU/ml) or gentamicin (70 µg/ml), especially during 180-min incubation at 37 °C.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"21 3","pages":"e20240018"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11340791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142034960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}