Animal Reproduction最新文献

{"title":"Antibiofilm action of ozonated sunflower oil against bacteria isolated from the uterus of mares susceptible to endometritis.","authors":"Antonio Brito da Silva, Laís Querino Barbosa Freire, Maria Eduarda Pedrosa Leite, Lamartine Rodrigues Martins, Gilvannya Gonçalves de Sobral, Marcelo Mendonça, Elizabete Rodrigues da Silva, Haroldo Vargas Leal, Gustavo Ferrer Carneiro","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0116","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to characterize the antibiofilm action of ozone-enriched sunflower oil (O₃) against pathogens associated with endometritis in mares. Initially, samples from 41 mares with a history of subfertility were stored in BHI broth and 0.9% NaCl solution. The samples underwent microbial culture, identification, and <i>in vitro</i> sensitivity testing at LABRAPE-UFRPE, Brazil. Biofilm production was evaluated by the crystal violet method. Subsequently, biofilm-forming bacteria were subjected to the action of different concentrations of ozonated sunflower oil. Of the 21 isolates tested for biofilm production, 76.2% (16/21) showed positive production, with 43.75% (7/16) being weak producers, 31.25% (5/16) moderate producers, and 25% (4/16) strong producers. After the action of ozonated sunflower oil at a concentration of 203.43 mEq/L, a reduction was observed in the mass of the gram-negative bacilli biofilm, however, no statistical difference was found for the gram-positive cocci biofilm. The results show that ozonated sunflower oil presented satisfactory results in breaking down gram-negative bacteria biofilm.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13412003/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring behavioral outcomes of gonadectomy in pets: a need for personalized approaches.","authors":"Fabiano Borba Guimarães, Renata Oliveira Barreto, Maricy Apparício","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0125","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0125","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gonadectomy, the surgical removal of reproductive organs-is commonly practiced in canine management and is often associated with responsible pet ownership. Although advised for preventing unwanted litter and specific health hazards, its effects on canine behavior remain contentious and little studied. This article analyzes the physiological and behavioral effects of gonadectomy in dogs, emphasizing other sexually dimorphic behaviors including mounting, wandering, and urine marking, alongside aggression, fear, anxiety, separation-related issues, and canine cognitive dysfunction. Gonadectomy impacts hormonal equilibrium by modifying the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal and hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axes, hence affecting stress responses, cognition, and behavior. Certain research indicates that neutering diminishes urine marking and roaming; nevertheless, the results are inconsistent. Conflicting research suggests that gonadectomy may intensify aggression, fearfulness, and anxiety, thus undermining the human-animal bond. The effects of gonadectomy on cognitive impairment remain ambiguous. Alternative methods, including vasectomy, ovary-sparing spay, and chemical castration, provide reproductive regulation while maintaining hormonal function, potentially alleviating negative behavioral consequences. Due to the complex aspects of behavioral development, encompassing heredity, environment, and personal experiences, a general policy on gonadectomy is unsuitable. This review highlights the necessity of personalized assessments when advising gonadectomy for behavioral management in canines. Veterinarians must meticulously evaluate the advantages and disadvantages, considering the unique circumstances of each animal and seeking guidance from veterinary behaviorists, as necessary. Routine desexing should not be universally advocated only for the purpose of mitigating behavioral issues. Additional research is crucial to comprehend the intricate link between gonadectomy and canine behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148618186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endometrial gland remodeling and preserved luminal ultrastructure in postpartum cows infused with ozonated sunflower oil.","authors":"Jair Camargo Ferreira, Matheus Dos Santos Oliveira, Cristiane Marisa Piacitelli Prado Ferreira, Maysa Barbosa de Almeida, Heloisa Andrade Rodrigues, Yatta Linhares Boakari, Marcela Aldrovani Rodrigues","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0001","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2026-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postpartum uterine disease is a major cause of impaired bovine reproduction and is usually managed with intrauterine antibiotics. Alternative non‑antibiotic therapy is needed to support uterine health without contributing to antimicrobial resistance. The goal of this study was to characterize histomorphometric and ultrastructural changes of the bovine endometrium after intrauterine infusion of ozonated sunflower oil during early puerperium, and to assess its in vitro antimicrobial activity against uterine bacteria. Eighteen primiparous cows received a single intrauterine treatment with ozonated or non‑ozonated oil (O₃ and non‑O₃ groups; n=9/group) on day 10 postpartum. Endometrial biopsies were collected before and 15 days post-treatment (D0 and D15) for light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Uterine cytology was used to evaluate subclinical endometritis. Minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations (MIC and MBC) of the treatments were determined against uterine isolates (<i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus</i> spp., <i>Streptococcus</i> spp. and <i>Arcanobacterium pyogenes</i>). At D15, the number of endometrial glands was higher in the O₃ group than in the non‑O₃ group (32.6±2.5 vs. 11.0±1.0; <i>P</i><0.01), whereas glandular diameter, luminal area and cell number per gland were lower in O₃ cows (<i>P</i><0.01), indicating enhanced gland proliferation with reduced glandular dilatation. No degenerative histopathological changes, such as periglandular fibrosis or endometrial atrophy, were detected in either group, and scanning electron microscopy showed preserved apical ultrastructure without adverse effects of ozonated oil. Ozonated oil inactivated all uterine bacteria (MIC and MBC ≤0.18 µg mL^‑1), while non‑ozonated oil showed no antimicrobial activity. Both groups showed a marked reduction in neutrophil percentage by D15, but histological evidence of persistent inflammation was more pronounced in non‑O₃ cows. These findings indicate that intrauterine ozonated sunflower oil is a promising non‑antibiotic therapy to support postpartum uterine involution and endometrial recovery in dairy cows and may contribute to improved reproductive performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20260001"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunolocalization of anti-Mullerian hormone in bovine testes and ovaries during fetal development.","authors":"Vanessa Cunha Brito, Gabriela Santos Cruz, Moisés Moreira Lima, Eduardo Baia de Souza, Anelise de Sarges Ramos, Maria Auxiliadora Pantoja Ferreira, Moysés Dos Santos Miranda, Nathália Nogueira da Costa de Almeida, Marcela da Silva Cordeiro, Simone do Socorro Damasceno Santos","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0088","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0088","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) or Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS), produced by the Sertoli cells induces the regression of Mullerian ducts in male embryos. Granulosa cells from ovarian follicle are homologous to Sertoli cells and produce AMH. The aim of this study was the immunolocalization of AMH in the testicles and ovaries of bovine fetuses at different ages. Gonads from bovine fetuses between 4 and 7 months (24-98 CRL) were collected in a local slaughterhouse, fixed in 10% formaldehyde, and processed for conventional histology and embedded in paraffin cut with a rotative microtome, deparaffinized, and subjected to immunohistochemistry using the anti- AMH 1:50 (SC 28912, Santa Cruz Biotechnology) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Immunostaining was observed in the cytoplasm of Sertoli cells, within the sexual cords (developing seminiferous tubules) at all ages and was not observed in gonocytes and interstitial tissue. In the ovary there was light staining in granulosa cells but not in the theca cells, however, intense staining was observed in the cytoplasm of the oocyte of primordial, primary, secondary and antral follicles, at all ages analyzed, suggesting that despite being produced by granulosa cells, AMH concentrates in the oocyte cytoplasm. The importance of AMH in sexual differentiation and action in Muller's ducts is well understood, however there are no studies on the role of this protein in gonadal development, this being the first report of AMH immunolocalization in fetal bovine testis and ovaries, requiring further studies on the action and importance of AMH in the gonadal development of bovine fetuses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of age range of dairy Gir cows on the composition of colostrum and milk, and on calves' passive immunity transfer.","authors":"João Vitor Menezes Lopes, Maria Claudia Pereda Francischini, Beatriz Melo Justo, Viviani Gomes, Camila Infantosi Vannucchi","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0133","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Colostrogenesis and lactogenesis influenced by age require further understanding in Zebu herds, due to the longevity of breeding cows. Thus, we aimed to compare colostrum and milk physicochemical and proteinogram of Dairy Gir cows and calves' passive immunity transfer by grouping 28 cows and their calves by maternal age: Young (n=6; aged 24-36 months), Adult (n=15; 37-91 months) and Senior (n=7; 96-137 months) groups. Colostrum and milk were collected at first milking (immediately after calving), transition milk (3^rd milking, after 24h of calving) and full milk (10^th milking, after 5 days of calving) for analysis of density, total solids, pH, immunoglobulin (IgG) and proteinogram (lactoferrin, albumin, heavy and light chain IgG, β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin). Calves' blood was collected after 3 days of birth to evaluate serum total solids, total protein, liver profile, light and heavy chain IgG. Data were statistically analyzed by LSD Test at P<0.05. Young Group had higher (<i>P</i><0.05) colostrum total solid and density compared to Senior Group. Transition milk of young cows had lower (<i>P</i><0.05) pH than seniors. Calves of senior cows presented higher (<i>P</i><0.05) serum albumin than young and adult. Young cows had IgG decrease from colostrum to transition milk, whereas adult cows presented fall (<i>P</i><0.05) of IgG throughout milking. In conclusion, age of Dairy Gir cows does not affect colostrum and milk immunological quality, nor calves' immunity transfer. However, it determines protein composition and dynamic changes, especially in young and senior cows.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250133"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286537/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reproductive performance of a semi-automated insemination system technology in sows.","authors":"Kebb Borstnez, Janine Camargo, Maiko Giorgi Philippe, Jean Carlo Volpato Faccin, Vanessa Peripolli, Ivan Bianchi, Ricardo Zanella, Mariana Groke Marques","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0146","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0146","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial insemination (AI) is a key biotechnology applied to disseminate superior genetics; however, its success depends on skilled labor to ensure accurate and consistent execution. A semi-automated insemination system (SAIS), capable of controlling semen deposition and reproducing the pressure of natural mating, can align AI procedures more closely with the sow's physiological responses. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the use of SAIS in post-cervical AI can improve reproductive efficiency in sows. A total of 449 females were inseminated, with 228 sows assigned to SAIS and 221 to the conventional method (CONV). Groups were balanced for parity, body condition, inseminator, and boar distribution. Sperm quality during storage did not differ between treatments. However, significant differences emerged during AI procedures: the SAIS group required less time to perform AI (18.60 ± 5.65 vs. 22.52 ± 12.38 seconds; P < 0.0001) and presented a lower incidence of semen backflow after AI (43.28% vs. 66.15%; P < 0.0001). The backflow negatively affected conception rate (P = 0.0342), although it did not influence total or live-born piglet numbers. Regarding reproductive performance, conception and farrowing rates were similar between groups. Nevertheless, females inseminated with SAIS have a higher total number of piglets born (16.97 ± 3.38 vs. 15.70 ± 3.91; P = 0.0027) and more live-born piglets (15.79 ± 3.3 vs. 14.46 ± 3.6; P = 0.0016) compared with CONV. Since backflow was not associated with litter size, this improvement cannot be attributed solely to reduced reflux. Instead, factors such as more standardized semen deposition and lower variability between inseminations may have contributed to this improvement. In conclusion, SAIS proved to be a practical and advantageous tool for AI in sows. Its use reduced time, decreased backflow, and increased litter size, representing a promising strategy to enhance efficiency in commercial herds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 3","pages":"e20250146"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13411999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148617993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of resveratrol supplementation to equine sperm during semen cryopreservation.","authors":"Natália de Castro Alves, Marina Morra Freitas, Jade Raquel Dias Farias, Cesar Lopes Horta, José de Oliveira Carvalho, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Márcio Sobreira Silva Araújo, Ângela Quintão Lana, Guilherme Mattos Jardim Costa, Fernanda Radicchi Lobato de Almeida, Erica Azevedo Costa, Monique de Albuquerque Lagares","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0107","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During equine semen cryopreservation, most of the seminal plasma is removed, making sperm more susceptible to oxidative stress. This study evaluated the effect of resveratrol supplementation on the quality of frozen-thawed equine sperm. Semen from ten stallions was frozen using a control INRA 96 extender and extenders supplemented with 5-, 10-, 100-, and 150- µM resveratrol. Post-thaw evaluations included motility, kinematic parameters, morphology, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial potential, lipid peroxidation, nitrite, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde levels, total reactive oxygen species (ROS), chromatin protamine deficiency, chromatin condensation, sperm binding to bovine oviduct explants, and gene expression of apoptosis-related genes such as B cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL2-associated X (BAX), mitochondrial ROS modulator 1 associated with mitochondrial ROS production (ROMO1), sperm acrosome-associated 3 related with sperm binding capacity to the zona pellucida (SPACA3), and DNA damage repair gene 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey test (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The 10 µM resveratrol treatment significantly increased sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, SPACA3 expression, and the number of sperm bound to oviduct explants compared to the control. Additionally, 10 µM resveratrol reduced total ROS, ROMO1, and BAX gene expression, indicating reduced oxidative stress and apoptosis. In conclusion, 10 µM resveratrol supplementation improved sperm metabolic activity, enhanced oviduct binding capacity, and demonstrated antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects. Thus, incorporating resveratrol into freezing extenders could be a promising strategy to improve the fertilizing capacity of equine sperm in artificial insemination programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"e20250107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subnutrition during gestation and lactation affects testicular development, serum testosterone concentration and androgen receptor expression in myoid cells of mature rats.","authors":"Patricia Genovese, Emiliano Herrera, Martín Duque, Andrea Fernandez, Alejandro Bielli","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0119","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate one- year- old male rat sensitivity to fetal programming effects of subnutrition during gestation and lactation. Thirty primiparous female 3 month old Wistar rats were all mated by the same male. Pregnant females were organised in two experimental groups: control (CG n= 15; <i>ad libitum</i> food access) and restricted group (RG n= 15; food intake 50% of the control group). Morphometric and immunohistochemical techniques were employed to determine the number of Sertoli cells and both the distribution and relative abundance of androgen receptor in Sertoli, Leydig, and myoid cells. Additionally, the proportions of proliferating and apoptotic cells were analyzed. Testosterone concentration was also measured in blood serum and determined by a direct solid-phase radioimmunoassay. Our findings indicate that nutritionally restricted animals at early developmental stages exhibited reduced body weight (CG 592,9±33,4*** vs RG 527,5±23,5), testicular weight (CG 1,82±0,05*** vs RG 1,69±0,06), and body length (CG 47,2±0,7*** vs RG 45,1±1,6). We also observed in the same experimental group a lower number of Sertoli cells both per cross section of the seminiferous tubule (CG 23,4±0,32*** vs RG 21,8±0,34) and total per testicle (CG 134,6±24,9 x 10⁴* vs RG 111,4±14,4 x 10⁴). We found no treatment effect on the volume density of the testicular interstitium. No differences were observed between the groups in the proportion of proliferating and apoptotic cells. Finally, undernourished animals exhibited higher concentrations of testosterone in blood serum (CG 2,90 ± 1,51* vs RG 5,25 ± 3,53), and their myoid cells demonstrated increased expression of androgen receptors. In conclusion, our findings suggest that undernutrition during early life stages fetally programs the rat, negatively affecting its body development, altering testosterone production and testicular histophysiology in adults older than one year of age.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"e20250119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of fetal heart rate variation, umbilical artery resistivity index and maternal body temperature for predicting imminent parturition in bitches.","authors":"Diego Rodrigues Gomes, Diana Villa Verde Salazar, Denise Jaques Ramos, Camila Silveira Stanquini, Tamiris Disselli, Luiz Paulo Nogueira Aires, Stéfany Tagliatela Tinto, Mariana Ambroso Adib Donato Henriques, Alois Foltran Müller, Ricardo Andres Ramirez Uscategui, Adriano Bonfim Carregaro, Marcus Antônio Rossi Feliciano","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0103","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0103","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to evaluate the applicability of fetal heart rate variability (FHRvar%), umbilical artery resistivity index (RI-UmbArt), and maternal body temperature (Temp, °C) for predicting parturition in bitches. Fifteen bitches (1-6 years old) were included. Gestational age was estimated using fetal biometry (inner chorionic cavity or biparietal diameter), and during the last week of pregnancy the animals were evaluated twice daily until parturition. Data were retrospectively grouped according to the hours before parturition (HBP). The evaluated parameters were FHRvar% (measured over 5-10 minutes using pulsed Doppler abdominal ultrasonography), RI-UmbArt (assessed by triplex Doppler in three fetuses per session), and Temp (rectal thermometry). Data were statistically compared and correlated with HBP. FHRvar% showed a gradual increase (P = 0.010) beginning at 84 HBP, reaching a peak between 24 and 12 HBP, whereas Temp significantly decreased during the last 24 HBP (P < 0.001). Both FHRvar% and Temp were significantly correlated with HBP (P < 0.001); however, these correlations were weak (Pearson's r = -0.338 and -0.491, respectively). RI-UmbArt showed no significant variation across HBP (P = 0.711). An FHRvar% > 31.5% predicted parturition within 24 hours with a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 67%, whereas a Temp < 37.5°C predicted parturition with 69.6% sensitivity and 77.8% specificity. In conclusion, although FHRvar% and maternal body temperature are influenced by the proximity of parturition, they may not be reliable predictors of parturition timing, while RI-UmbArt appears to remain unchanged close to delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"e20250103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13286526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148306734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of lauric acid supplementation on bovine oocyte maturation, IVF embryo development, and stress protection during IVM.","authors":"Nguyen Duc Truong, Do Thi Kim Lanh, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Anh, Nguyen Hoai Nam, Bui Van Dung, Nguyen Van Thanh","doi":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0095","DOIUrl":"10.1590/1984-3143-AR2025-0095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the effects of lauric acid (LA) supplementation during <i>in vitro</i> maturation (IVM) of bovine oocytes on nuclear maturation and subsequent embryonic development. Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were matured in medium containing LA at concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200, or 300 µM, or without LA (control). Embryo development following <i>in vitro</i> fertilization (IVF) and culture (IVC) was assessed. Based on optimal outcomes in the first experiment (A total of 1,558 oocytes were used across 6 - 8 replicates per treatment group),200 µM LA was selected to evaluate its protective role under cellular stress. Oocytes (n = 1,255; five replicates) were matured with or without 200 µM LA and exposed to heat stress (41 °C) or oxidative stress (1 mM H₂O₂). LA supplementation significantly improved blastocyst rates, with 100 - 200 µM groups showing higher formation rates (≥ 37.1%) compared to control (21.3%) (p < 0.05). Blastocyst quality, based on A-B grade embryos, was also enhanced in the 200 µM (51.1%) and 300 µM (56.5%) groups versus control (19.2%) and 50 µM (16.9%) (p < 0.05). Stress exposure reduced maturation and blastocyst rates. Oxidative stress significantly decreased maturation (OS: 44.9%) and blastocyst development (18.6%) compared to control (72.3% and 28.4%, respectively), while LA treatment improved these outcomes (OS-LA: 51.5% and 31.5%) (p < 0.05). Under heat stress, LA showed a non-significant trend toward higher blastocyst rates (24.8%) compared to stress alone (16.2%). Under normal conditions, 200 µM LA significantly enhanced blastocyst yield (44.2%) versus control (28.4%) (p < 0.05). Data were analyzed using ANOVA with post-hoc tests, and differences were considered significant at p < 0.05. These results indicate that LA supplementation during IVM enhances bovine embryo developmental competence and partially mitigates oxidative stress-induced impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7889,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction","volume":"23 2","pages":"e20250095"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13142084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147832384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}