Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Type of Work and Age on Spinal Shrinkage","authors":"S. O. Ismaila, O. Charles-Owaba","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V6I1.38303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V6I1.38303","url":null,"abstract":"Spinal shrinkage has been confirmed to be a result of loads imposed on the human\u0000spine. The present study was aimed at studying the effects of different types of work on spinal shrinkage. Moreover, the relationship between age and spinal shrinkage was also studied. The heights just before the start and after the close of work were measured in order to determine the spinal shrinkage. The study confirmed that there was no correlation between age and spinal shrinkage at 5% level of significance. It also confirmed that significant differences (at 5% level of significance) exist between spinal shrinkages due to heavy and light workloads. This suggests that inter individual variation in spinal shrinkage may be as a result of the types of work undertaken. Keywords : Spinal shrinkage, Spine, age, workloads, visco-elasticity. Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 8-15","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"8-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89554615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Some Mathematical Models for Estimating Evaluation of Some Mathematical Models for Estimating","authors":"C. Okoli, K. Egunjobi","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V6I2.38314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V6I2.38314","url":null,"abstract":"Quantifying evaporation from bare soil is critical for water resources development in arid regions and for bare or fallow agricultural land. Some researchers have commented on typical characteristics of arid regions most potential evaporation is extremely high and available water is limited, thus emphasizing the need for accurate and robust potential evaporation models. The purpose of this paper is to review the abilities of three models to describe diurnal variation of potential evaporations over bare soils. The models discussed are the Penman – Brutsaert, Priestley and Taylor and the advection aridity-actual evaporation model by Brutsaert and Stricker. These three models require atmospheric measurements at only one level and no calibration of surface properties is required. The critical results of the application of these models showed that under a variety of atmospheric conditions Penman-Brutsaert model gave the best description of\u0000the measured fluxes. Priestley – Taylor with α = 1.26 performed best under unstable\u0000atmospheric conditions especially where radiation is the primary mechanism forcing the\u0000evaporation. The Advective – Aridity equation, which relies on complementary relationship\u0000between actual and potential evaporation, and could underestimate evaporation but performed best at higher wind speed. Keywords : Evaporation, Water Vapour, Bare soil, Models Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 81-86","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"73 1","pages":"81-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91150610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Control Processes Upon Storm Water Dynamics Using ECCRARO Model in Eyong Creek and River Catchments in South-Western Nigeria","authors":"O. Essien, A. Sangodoyin","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V6I1.38308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V6I1.38308","url":null,"abstract":"ECCRARO model, which registers flood-stage response to rainfall impulse in Enyong/Ikpa rivers' catchments, was applied in conjunction with the analysis of the physical properties of the catchment system to establish how surface runoff/subsurface drainage to the floodplains/rivers and the flood routing through the catchment rivers control flood stages, hence flooding of the catchments. The control of the rising and falling flood stages under rainfall impulse was dominated by the combined processes of runoff production/drainage and flood routing. However, drainage through the floodplain was slower in Enyong Creek catchment than the routing of floodwater through its river system, hence, drainage problem was a priority in upstream Enyong Creek. In Ikpa river\u0000catchment, the sluggish flood routing in its river system dominated flooding problem more than the runoff production process, making flood routing a priority problem. The runoff coefficients, generating surface runoff from excess effective rainfall into runoff were twice higher in Enyong Creek than in Ikpa river catchments, while the groundwater\u0000flows in Ikpa sub-catchments exceeded those from corresponding sub-catchments in Enyong basin. On the other hand, the Lag between stage accretion and recession rates was wider in Ikpa than Enyong rivers, while the time of concentration of 3.5 to 4.5 hours in Enyong was far greater than the Lag time of 0.5 hour in Ikpa catchments. The\u0000lower surface gradient in Ikpa river at its confluence with Cross river retarded its entrance flow rates, causing a higher upstream backwater that exacerbates flooding in Ikpa tributary swamps, while the entrance in the Enyong Creek was smoother at its confluence due to its positive surface gradient at its confluence with Cross river. Drainage of runoff is priority flood control problem in Enyong Creek catchment while flood routing is priority in Ikpa\u0000river catchment. Keywords : Control processes, storm water dynamics, drainage, flood routing, ECCRARO Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 39-47","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"27 1","pages":"39-47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78487715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Prior Cold Work on Grain Refinement in ST 44-2 Mild Steel by Cyclic Re-Austenitizing","authors":"A. Badmos, A. Afonja","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V6I2.38309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V6I2.38309","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of prior cold work on grain refinement in mild steel by cyclic re-austenization has been studied. Cyclic re-austenization consists of repeated heating to the austenite range, soaking for a short time at the peak temperature and then quenching in water. A steel grade, ST 44-2 (0.14-0.20%C, 0.18-0.28%Si, 0.40-0.60%Mn), was cold worked to various degrees of deformation and subjected to various isothermal heat treatments, keeping the holding time constant while the peak temperature was varied and vice-versa for a number of cycles. The higher the degree of cold work the finer the average grain size for a given number of cycles. Average grain size decreases with increasing number of cycles up to an optimum number and the optimum number of cycles decreases with increasing degree of cold work. The effect of cold work is more pronounced at lower temperature, shorter time and smaller number of austenitizing cycles. For a given condition of temperature and time, the higher the degree of cold work, the smaller the number of cycles required for optimum grain refinement. Keywords : Mild Steel, Grain Refinement, Cyclic Re-Austenitization, Cold-Work Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 48-55","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"50 1","pages":"48-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75760851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variations in Wood Anatomical Characteristics of Nigerian grown Triplochiton scleroxylon and their Relationships with Selected Mechanical Properties","authors":"O. Ogunsanwo","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V6I2.38312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V6I2.38312","url":null,"abstract":"Anatomical characteristics of wood of 27-year old Triplochiton scleroxylon (obeche) were investigated to assess the variation pattern of fibre, vessel and ray elements. Test samples were obtained axially from butt, 10%, 30%, 50%, 70% and 90% of merchantable height (MH); and radially from inner wood, middle wood and outer wood. Results show that fibre proportion ranged from 53.5% at 90% of MH to 64.7% at the butt. Vessel proportion ranged from 18.85 to 17.1%, while ray proportion had a range of between 16.7% and 26.6%. Axial variation for fibre and vessels were significant at 5% level that of while those of rays were not significant. It was further revealed that variations of fibre diameter and fibre wall thickness generally increased from butt to top of tree, lumen width and fibre length varied inconsistently along the bole. Modulus of Elasticity\u0000MOE was the most predictable Strength property, while Impact Bending IMB was least\u0000predictable. Addition of fibre proportion to selected fibre dimensional characteristics improved predictability in strength properties except in Maximum compressive strength parallel to grain MCS//. Keywords : Triplochiton scleroxylon , Anatomical properties Strength properties, Omo Forest Reserve, Nigeria Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 68-75","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"18 1","pages":"68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79355813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Hazards Among grain Storage Workers in Nigeria","authors":"B. Alabadan, O. Oyeleye","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V6I1.38302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V6I1.38302","url":null,"abstract":"Potential hazards to the health of grain storage workers have increased over the years basically because of the sophistication in storage systems, grain dust, biological contaminants and chemicals used in storage. To identify the hazards of grain storage in southwest and middle belt regions of Nigeria, analysis of medical records, interviews and questionnaires were used in eleven selected establishments from flour mills, the strategic grain reserves (SGRs) and breweries. Findings showed that the principal cause of hazards was the grain dust and other forms of dust like soil from harvest, insect and chemical preservative residues. The results obtained showed that 33.85% of workers were affected with catarrh, 21.54% with skin irritation, 18.46% headache, 4.62% high body temperature and 21.54% with cough. However, skin irritations were higher in SGRs, headache and cough were higher in breweries while flour mills were more associated with catarrh. Hazards in grain storage can be minimized or even eliminated if proper handling techniques are adopted and all necessary safety precautions strictly adhered to. Keywords : Grain, Storage, Workers, Health, Hazards, Dust Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 6 (1) 2006 pp. 1-7","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82012256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and testing of a model biofilter","authors":"B. Ugwuishiwu, A. Ani, A. Chibuko","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V8I0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V8I0","url":null,"abstract":"Offensive odour arising from animal production houses and facilities has been noted to be harmful to both human and animal health. Bad odour causing air pollution can be controlled by physical, chemical or biological methods. A biochemical system called Biofilter for air filtration and control of offensive odour has been designed, constructed and tested. The effectiveness of odour control by the model biofilter was tested by a panel guided with a structured questionnaire. 63% of panel members correctly identified the offensive odour being produced by the source, the same proportion identified odourless nature of the products released at the exhaust section of the filter, and 100% noticed the milky colour change at the humidifier and condensing water on the top of the glass layers of the biofilter. 84% of the panel viewed the biofilter as an effective way of removing bad odour from the atmosphere. Keywords: Biofilter, Odour, Air Filtration, Control Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology , Volume 8, 2008","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85047223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a combined manual and motorized operated palm nut cracker","authors":"A. Bamgboye, Oa Sadiku","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V3I2.38248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V3I2.38248","url":null,"abstract":"A combined motorized and manual powered palm-nut cracker was designed, fabricated and tested at different moisture contents. The machine was designed for an output capacity of 90.4Kg/hr. for motorized and 19.8Kg/hr. for manual power respectively. The features of the machine are hammers, cracking chamber, hopper, Spout, main frame, chain, sprocket, shafts and effort-arm. During testing, a maximum efficiency of 85% at 16% moisture content was attained for a motorized nut cracker at a speed of 1440rpm; while the efficiency of 44% at 25% moisture content was attained for manually powered machine. The estimated cost of the machine is N12,635.00. Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 3(2) 2003: 41-44","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"136 1","pages":"41-44"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80503269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discrete element modelling of the impact parameters of a selected fruit: application","authors":"A. O. Raji, J. Favier","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V2I1.38258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V2I1.38258","url":null,"abstract":"No Abstract. Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 2(1) 2002: 7-12","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"8 1","pages":"7-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78266206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of silicon carbide on some refractory properties of Kankara clay","authors":"Sb Hassan","doi":"10.4314/JASET.V5I1.38293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/JASET.V5I1.38293","url":null,"abstract":"Some refractory properties of Kankara clay, found in abundance in Kankara village of Katsina State, Nigeria blended with silicon carbide, for the production of refractory bricks for furnace lining has been investigated. 5 - 25% silicon carbide was used as blend to improve some refractory properties such as porosity, refractoriness, cold crushing strength and thermal shock resistance of the clay. Refractory properties measured included: Linear shrinkage, apparent porosity, bulk density, thermal shock resistance and cold crushing strength. Linear shrinkage and apparent porosity of the bricks made from the blend decreased with the percentage of silicon carbide added. These properties decreased from 7.25 to 2.20% and from 56.45 to 36.4% at 25% silicon carbide level respectively. The cold crushing strength and thermal shock resistance of the bricks increased as the percentage of silicon carbide added increased Keywords : Kankara clay, refractory properties, silicon carbide Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology Vol. 5(1&2) 2005: 21-26","PeriodicalId":7884,"journal":{"name":"Andalasian International Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88353017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}