Animal Reproduction Science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of seminal plasma cholesterol and androgen levels on breeding rooster sperm motility in vitro","authors":"Jiwei Li ,&nbsp;Lijuan Yang ,&nbsp;Juan Zhang ,&nbsp;Yadong Tian ,&nbsp;Donghua Li ,&nbsp;Yaling Gu ,&nbsp;Guirong Sun ,&nbsp;Xiangtao Kang","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cholesterol and androgens play key roles in sperm maturation, capacitation, and fertilization ability. Thus, they influence sperm motility and stability, which are important indicators of male fertility. Their effects on the reproductive ability of roosters, however, remain unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of seminal plasma cholesterol and steroid hormone levels on sperm motility in breeding roosters and clarify the associated mechanisms. Using semen from Yufen 1 rooster breeders, high motility group (HMG) and low motility group (LMG) models were established and thereafter their sperm characteristics were examined. The results obtained showed normal morphological structures, with intact heads and plasma membranes for sperms from HMG individuals, while those from LMG individuals had swollen heads and ruptured plasma membranes. Further, compared to HMG individuals, LMG individuals showed significantly higher seminal plasma cholesterol, testosterone, and follicle stimulating hormone levels. Possibly, at high concentrations, cholesterol crossed the blood-testis and blood-epididymal barriers and thereafter, disrupted cholesterol homeostasis in the sperm membrane, leading to the low sperm motility observed for LMG individuals. Additionally, plasma membrane and DNA integrity rates were significantly higher for HMG individuals than for LMG individuals, suggesting that plasma membrane and DNA integrity are critical for maintaining sperm motility. Taken together, these findings may be employed to improve fertilization rates in poultry production and may also serve as a foundation for further studies on breeding rooster utilization rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145318045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FNDC4 modulates in vitro bovine granulosa and theca cell metabolism and alters follicle development in vivo","authors":"Mathilde Daudon ,&nbsp;Christelle Ramé ,&nbsp;Marcos H. Barreta ,&nbsp;Alfredo Q. Antoniazzi ,&nbsp;Valério M. Portela ,&nbsp;Joëlle Dupont ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Price","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metabolism has long been linked to fertility in mammals, and animals such as dairy cattle experience periods of energy stress, particularly post-partum. To meet the energy demands of early lactation, cattle mobilize adipose reserves, which results in altered secretion of adipokines, such as adiponectin and irisin, hormones that have direct actions on ovarian follicle function. Irisin belongs to the fibronectin domain containing (FNDC) family of proteins, and has been shown to decrease granulosa and theca cell steroidogenesis and inhibit follicle growth. A second member of this protein family, FNDC4, is also considered a secreted adipokine, but its role in the ovarian follicle is unknown. Therefore, we hypothesized that FNDC4 affects granulosa and theca cell function <em>in vitro</em> and causes follicle regression in cattle <em>in vivo.</em> Ultrasound-guided injection of FNDC4 directly into the first-wave growing follicle <em>in vivo</em> caused follicle regression whereas follicles injected with vehicle continued to grow and ovulated. To assess the mechanisms of FNDC4 action, we used well-established serum-free culture models of bovine granulosa and theca cells. Addition of FNDC4 to granulosa cells increased glucose uptake and <em>GLUT1</em>, <em>GLUT3</em> and <em>GLUT4</em> mRNA abundance, but did not modulate steroid secretion, cell viability, cell proliferation or lipid content. Addition of recombinant FNDC4 to theca cells decreased lipid content but did not alter steroidogenesis, cell proliferation or glucose uptake. In summary, FNDC4 modulates bovine granulosa and theca cell metabolism, and this may lead to disturbed follicle development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rheb ubiquitination drives LC3 lipidation via non-canonical autophagy to promote porcine sperm acrosome reaction","authors":"Jie Wang ,&nbsp;Zhiwei Yao ,&nbsp;Yuyang Zhang,&nbsp;Junzheng Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Li,&nbsp;Kun Zhao,&nbsp;Yang An,&nbsp;Shuangshuang Li,&nbsp;Ziyu Jiang,&nbsp;Xuan Chen,&nbsp;Yi Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coordinated interaction between ubiquitination and autophagy is essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis; however, their precise roles in regulating the acrosome reaction (AR) remain unclear. To determine whether Rheb ubiquitination modulates LC3 lipidation through the mTORC1/ULK1–Beclin 1 signaling axis during sperm capacitation and thereby influences the AR, we conducted a series of molecular analyses in porcine sperm samples. These included quantitative ubiquitin proteomics, co-immunoprecipitation (CO-IP), Western blot (WB), and immunofluorescence. Our results revealed that capacitation markedly increased Rheb ubiquitination (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01), accompanied by a switch from degradative K48-linked to non-degradative K63-linked polyubiquitin chains. Upregulation of Rheb ubiquitination suppressed mTORC1 activity, thereby activating the ULK1–Beclin 1 signaling cascade and promoting LC3 lipidation (conversion to LC3-II). Lipidated LC3 accumulated at the acrosomal membrane and showed enhanced interaction with the vesicle-associated protein VAMP3 during AR <em>(P</em> &lt; 0.01). Inhibition of LC3 lipidation reduced AR incidence (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These findings indicate that Rheb ubiquitination facilitates AR via a non-canonical autophagy pathway, likely through LC3 acrosomal localization and its interaction with VAMP3, offering new mechanistic insights into sperm function and male infertility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145359009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Programmed cell death ligands 1 and 2 and their receptor programmed cell death 1: Expression, regulation, and function at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs","authors":"Inkyu Yoo ,&nbsp;Yugyeong Cheon ,&nbsp;Eunhyeok Choi ,&nbsp;Seonghyun Kim ,&nbsp;Tae Sub Park ,&nbsp;Hakhyun Ka","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Programmed cell death (PD) ligand 1 (PDL1) and PDL2 and their receptor PD1 play critical roles in immunity, and an involvement of the PDL1/PDL2-PD1 signaling system in the immune tolerance during pregnancy has been suggested in humans. However, the role of the PDL1/PDL2-PD1 signaling system at the maternal-conceptus interface has not been studied in pigs. Thus, this study determined the expression, regulation, and function of the PDL1/PDL2-PD1 signaling pathway at the maternal-conceptus interface in pigs. The endometrium expressed <em>PDL1</em>, <em>PDL2</em>, and <em>PD1</em> mRNAs in a pregnancy stage-specific manner with greater levels of expression on Day 15 of pregnancy than on Day 15 of the estrous cycle. PDL1 protein was localized to some stromal cells and vascular smooth muscle cells, PDL2 protein to luminal (LE) and glandular epithelial (GE) and endothelial cells, and PD1 protein to LE, GE, and some stromal cells, but not in T lymphocytes and endothelial cells. The conceptus tissues during early pregnancy and chorioallantoic tissues during mid- to late pregnancy expressed <em>PD1</em>, <em>PDL1</em>, and <em>PDL2</em>. Interferon-γ (IFNG) increased the expression of <em>PDL1</em> and <em>PDL2</em>, but not <em>PD1</em>, in endometrial explants. PDL1 and PDL2 increased the expression of inhibitors of apoptosis in porcine uterine epithelial cells overexpressing PD1. These results suggest that the expression of <em>PDL1</em> and <em>PDL2</em> are induced by IFNG of conceptus origin and PDL1/PDL2-PD1 signaling may play an important role in maintaining the epithelial stability by regulation of apoptosis and controlling the endometrial environment for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in pigs.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>The PDL1/PDL2-PD1 signaling system induced by conceptus-derived IFNG plays an important role in maintaining endometrial epithelial stability by increasing the epithelial expression of inhibitors of apoptosis during early pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145257093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the freezer and straw positioning on the post-thaw quality of bull spermatozoa: A comparative study","authors":"Marie Luis Neubert ,&nbsp;Muhammad Umair Khan ,&nbsp;Markus Jung ,&nbsp;Árpád Csaba Bajcsy ,&nbsp;Martin Schulze","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cryopreservation is known to induce detrimental alterations in bull sperm structure and function. This study compared post-thaw sperm quality and the control and accuracy of cooling rates among three commercial semen freezers: Digitcool, Digitcool Alpha, and TurboFreezer M. Additionally, the effect of straw position within the freezing chamber (top, center, bottom) was evaluated. Twelve ejaculates from Holstein-Friesian bulls (n = 12) were diluted in an egg yolk-based TRIS extender, filled into 0.25 mL straws, and processed in a split-sample design using a uniform freezing protocol. Temperature profiles were recorded <em>via</em> thermocouples inserted into straws to confirm adherence to the programmed curves. Post-thaw sperm quality was assessed based on six parameters: total sperm motility after 30 and 120 min of incubation at 38°C (TRT30/120), morphologically intact spermatozoa (MIS), viable and acrosome-intact spermatozoa (VAI), spermatozoa with low membrane fluidity and low intracellular calcium (LMLC), and spermatozoa with high mitochondrial membrane potential (HMMP). Generalized linear mixed models revealed an effect of the freezing machine on all tested parameters (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). The TurboFreezer M produced the highest overall sperm quality, particularly in the bottom position, with superior outcomes in TRT30 and VAI. Digitcool showed the best performance for MIS, while Digitcool Alpha excelled in LMLC. Straw positions (top, center, bottom) did not significantly influence sperm quality in any respect. In conclusion, although the choice of freezing machine can significantly affect <em>in vitro</em> sperm quality, all devices demonstrated the ability to produce high-quality cryopreserved semen when used with standardized protocols.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108021"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Embryonic and fetal morphology of the black agouti","authors":"Alexsandro Antônio Portilho Damasceno ,&nbsp;Frederico Ozanan Barros Monteiro ,&nbsp;Jéssica Jaine Silva de Lima ,&nbsp;Thyago Habner de Souza Pereira ,&nbsp;Gessiane Pereira da Silva ,&nbsp;Claudio Borges dos Reis Leal ,&nbsp;Bruna Borges Lopes ,&nbsp;João Valsecchi ,&nbsp;Hani R. El Bizri ,&nbsp;Richard Bodmer ,&nbsp;Pedro Mayor","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding embryonic and fetal development is fundamental to interpreting life-history strategies associated with neonatal survival in mammals. This study provides a detailed characterization of the intrauterine development of the hystricognath rodent, the black agouti (<em>Dasyprocta fuliginosa</em>), one of the most hunted species in the Amazon. The developmental patterns are compared with those of other precocial and altricial mammals, offering insights into species-specific reproductive strategies. A total of 90 conceptuses (2 embryos and 88 fetuses) from 49 pregnant females collected from subsistence hunting in the Peruvian and Brazilian Amazon were analyzed for external and internal morphological features. The mean prolificacy was 1.84 ± 0.59 offspring per pregnant female, with a sex ratio of 1.26:1.00 (female:male). Fetal dorsal length (TDL) ranged from 0.57 to 23.3 cm. External development followed a consistent and sequential pattern, beginning with the appearance of outer ears, eyelid and limb buds, followed by ossification, fused eyelids, tactile pelage, differentiated genitalia, skin development, covering pelage, nail formation, tooth eruption, and ultimately eyelid opening. Fetal age estimation, based on the formula ∛W = 0.078(t − 20.8), showed a strong correlation between TDL and gestational age. All external biometric measures and absolute visceral organ masses were strongly correlated with TDL. The relative mass of the spleen, the tubular digestive organs, and the thymus increased across pregnancy; while liver, lungs, and kidneys decreased. The developmental pattern observed supports the classification of the black agouti as a precocial species, with neonates exhibiting early functional independence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108018"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145263568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential pituitary mRNA expression in wild and hatchery-produced greater amberjack Seriola dumerili exhibiting normal and impaired spermatogenesis","authors":"Anna Lavecchia ,&nbsp;Caterina De Virgilio ,&nbsp;Caterina Manzari ,&nbsp;Claudio Lo Giudice ,&nbsp;Chrysovalentinos Pousis ,&nbsp;Rosa Zupa ,&nbsp;Constantinos C. Mylonas ,&nbsp;Ernesto Picardi ,&nbsp;Gianluca Ventriglia ,&nbsp;Graziano Pesole ,&nbsp;Aldo Corriero","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.108024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The greater amberjack <em>Seriola dumerili</em> is a promising aquaculture species in the Mediterranean Sea. However, first generation (F1) hatchery-produced individuals exhibit reproductive dysfunctions when reared in tanks or in cages. As part of a broader investigation into the impacts of captivity, we compared the pituitary transcriptomes of wild and F1 greater amberjack during spermatogenesis. Wild males (WILD group, n = 4) displayed normal testicular development; among F1 males, some had normal testicular development (NormalF, n = 4), while others showed spermatogenesis impairment (DysF, n = 2). Transcriptomic analysis revealed 301 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the DysF vs. WILD comparison and 376 DEGs in the NormalF vs. WILD comparison, while no DEGs were detected between DysF and NormalF. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis identified regulatory networks involving 246 proteins across eleven functional categories in DysF vs. WILD, and 382 proteins across 10 categories in NormalF vs. WILD. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed DEGs enriched in 62 (DysF vs. WILD) and 84 (NormalF vs. WILD) pathways. Notably, several dysregulated pathways common to all F1 males are associated with reproductive functions, as well as nucleotide metabolism, calcium signaling, MAPK and mTOR signaling, neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) and ErbB signaling pathways. Among the DEGs, some genes were linked to GnRH neuron migration, panhypopituitarism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. These findings suggest that reproductive dysfunctions in F1 male greater amberjack may involve a suppression of pituitary activity mediated by dysregulation of the opioid, endocannabinoid and dopaminergic systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 108024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145359011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene dysregulation impairs placental angiogenesis in allogeneic pig pregnancies","authors":"Cristina A. Martinez-Serrano ,&nbsp;Josep M. Cambra ,&nbsp;Manuel Alvarez-Rodriguez ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Parrilla ,&nbsp;Cristina Cuello ,&nbsp;Maria A. Gil ,&nbsp;Emilio A. Martinez ,&nbsp;Heriberto Rodriguez-Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Embryo transfer (ET) is a valuable reproductive technology in pigs, albeit its efficiency remains significantly lower than that of natural mating or artificial insemination (AI), owing to high embryonic death rates. Critical for embryo survival and pregnancy success is the placenta, which supports conceptus development through nutrient exchange, hormone production, and immune modulation. Alterations in placental development and function may therefore underlie the reduced efficiency of ET. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying this dysfunction, crossbred (Landrace × Large White) recipient sows were hormonally synchronized and either inseminated on the onset of estrus (Day 0), (Control group; n = 8) or surgically transferred 23 morulae on Day 5 post-estrus (Allogeneic group; n = 8). Placental samples were collected from four sows per group on Day 18 (attachment phase) and Day 24 (early placentation) of pregnancy. Libraries were prepared using the TruSeq Stranded mRNA kit (Illumina). Sequencing was performed on a NextSeq 550 platform (2 ×75 bp paired-end), and reads were aligned to the Sus scrofa 11.1 genome. Differential gene expression analysis (FC&gt;2/&lt;-2, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) revealed significant downregulation of key angiogenic and immune-regulatory genes in allogeneic placentas. On Day 18, <em>VEGFA</em>, <em>NOS3</em>, <em>FGF9</em>, <em>HIF1A</em>, <em>STAT1</em>, <em>STAT3</em>, <em>SMAD1</em>, <em>SMAD4</em>, <em>SMAD5</em>, and <em>ETS1</em> were markedly reduced, indicating impaired vascular remodeling and immune modulation. By Day 24, <em>SMAD2</em> and additional immune-related genes remained dysregulated. Conversely, <em>ANGPTL2</em> was upregulated on Day 24, possibly due to a compensatory angiogenic response. The data suggest that full allogeneicity disrupts placental transcriptomic programs crucial for angiogenesis and immune tolerance, contributing to the high embryonic mortality observed after ET in swine.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 107988"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-chain fatty acids promote ATP production in post-thaw boar sperm through mitochondrial β-oxidation","authors":"Hongyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Shanpeng Wang ,&nbsp;Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Lingjiang Min ,&nbsp;Eslam M. Bastaw ,&nbsp;Zhendong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107985","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107985","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to the current limitations of boar semen cryopreservation systems, the effective restoration of sperm quality following thawing remains a significant challenge. This study investigates whether post-thaw boar sperm can uptake exogenous long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and utilize them for ATP generation, thereby sustaining linear motility and enhancing sperm vitality. Boar semen was diluted in extender solutions supplemented with varying concentrations of a lipid mixture (0, 0.01 %, 0.1 %, and 1 % LM). Following cryopreservation and subsequent thawing, key sperm parameters were assessed, including motility, viability, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and ATP levels, as well as the enzymatic activities of malate dehydrogenase (MDH), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1). Compared to the control group, supplementation with 0.1 % LM significantly enhanced post-thaw sperm motility and improved viability and acrosomal integrity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This concentration also led to increased MMP, elevated ATP levels, as well as enhanced activities of MDH, SDH, and CPT1 (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, to further verify that post-thaw boar sperm utilize LCFAs to generate ATP through mitochondrial β-oxidation. It was found that adding 100 μM mitochondrial β-oxidation inhibitor etomoxir to the extender, significantly reduced post-thaw boar sperm progressive motility, MMP, ATP levels, and CPT1 activity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), thereby attenuating the beneficial effects of exogenous LCFAs supplementation. These findings suggest that post-thaw boar sperm are capable of assimilating exogenous LFCAs, which subsequently promote mitochondrial β-oxidation, increasing TCA cycle activity and ATP production, therefore improving the quality of post-thaw boar sperm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 107985"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How deciphering the reproductive microbiomes can contribute to the conservation of wild mammalian species – A review","authors":"Yasmim Carla da Silva Cavalcante ,&nbsp;Pierre Comizzoli ,&nbsp;Alexandre Rodrigues Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anireprosci.2025.107981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of microbiomes has significantly advanced, revealing their profound influence on host health and reproduction. Despite progress in human and domestic animal research, a substantial knowledge gap persists regarding reproductive microbiomes in wild mammals, particularly their impact on fertility and gamete viability. Characterizing these microbial communities is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies. This narrative review focuses on current research about reproductive microbiomes in wild mammals, detailing identification techniques (16S rRNA gene sequencing, MALDI-TOF MS) and distinguishing \"microbiome\" from \"microbiota.\" It examines reproductive microbiota in both genders, including semino-vaginal interactions, highlighting their roles in reproductive health and drawing from cross-species comparisons. The review also addresses critical research gaps, such as the functional roles of specific microbial taxa, host-microbe specificity, longitudinal dynamics, and limited data on male reproductive health in species like elephants and marine mammals. Furthermore, this work explores microbiome-based diagnostics and treatments (e.g., probiotics, microbiota transfers) to improve reproductive outcomes and mitigate threats like dysbiosis. We also acknowledge unique logistical and ethical challenges in wild species sampling and manipulation, including contamination and inter-individual variability. By integrating these insights, the review offers a novel, microbial perspective for preserving wildlife and fostering healthier wild populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7880,"journal":{"name":"Animal Reproduction Science","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 107981"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144917655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}