The European Physical Journal B最新文献

{"title":"Empirical analysis of hourly rainfall data in Sicily from 2002 to 2023","authors":"Vera Pecorino,&nbsp;T. Di Matteo,&nbsp;Matteo Milazzo,&nbsp;Luigi Pasotti,&nbsp;Alessandro Pluchino,&nbsp;Andrea Rapisarda","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00792-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00792-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rainfall constitutes an important climatic variable as its lack can lead to severe droughts while its excess can trigger catastrophic events. The Mediterranean basin is one of the European regions most affected by climate change’s effects and Sicily island, for its location in the middle of the Mediterranean sea, represents a very interesting place to study climatic variables. During the last decade, Sicily displayed unusual rainfall behavior and unexpected extreme events. In this paper, we depict how seasonal rainfall characteristics and trends changed since the beginning of twenty-first century. Using an empirical approach, we are able to confirm with a higher resolution previous results obtained through less granular data and detect the emergence of new anomalous behaviors. From our study we see that, after the heavy summer drought during 2009–2012, all seasons recorded a sudden volume variation: increasing during autumn–summer and decreasing in winter–spring. This coupled behavior emerges as an anomaly for the period 2013–2023: the similarity between summer–autumn and winter–spring highlights the passage from a 4 to a 2 season-like cycle,with the occurrence of severe droughts and frequent flash floods. The present contribution adds further evidence that a deep change is occurring and that new strategies for managing risks and resources are urgently needed to reduce human and economic losses.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142411175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuronal avalanches in level model under the influence of noisy drive","authors":"Abdul Quadir,&nbsp;Rahul Chhimpa,&nbsp;Haider Hasan Jafri,&nbsp;Avinash Chand Yadav","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00794-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00794-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We study a neural-level model (Das and Levina Phys Rev X 9:021062, 2019) that exhibits critical avalanches satisfying power-law distribution. The model recently explained a change in the scaling exponent from 3/2 to 5/4, accounting for a change in the drive condition from no input to moderate strength, along with a relaxed separation of time scale between drive and dissipation. We examine the effect of a class of noisy stimuli in the moderate input regime. Applying the scaling method, we compute scaling functions associated with the avalanche size distribution, revealing striking finite-size scaling. For a class of noisy drives, we find that the scaling exponent can take a value different from 5/4, with an explicit system size dependence.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharp detection of the onset of Floquet heating using eigenstate sensitivity","authors":"Sourav Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Souvik Bandyopadhyay,&nbsp;Anatoli Polkovnikov","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00773-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00773-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Chaotic Floquet systems at sufficiently low driving frequencies are known to heat up to an infinite temperature ensemble in the thermodynamic limit. However at high driving frequencies, Floquet systems remain energetically stable in a robust prethermal phase with exponentially long heating times. We propose sensitivity (susceptibility) of Floquet eigenstates against infinitesimal deformations of the drive, as a sharp and sensitive measure to detect this heating transition. It also captures various regimes (timescales) of Floquet thermalization accurately. Particularly, we find that at low frequencies near the onset of unbounded heating, Floquet eigenstates are maximally sensitive to perturbations and consequently the scaled susceptibility develops a sharp maximum. We further connect our results to the relaxation dynamics of local observables to show that near the onset of Floquet heating, the system is nonergodic with slow glassy dynamics despite being nonintegrable at all driving frequencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of group size and noise on cooperation in population evolution of dynamic groups","authors":"Hong-Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Deng-Ping Tang","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00787-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00787-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We consider a large population of <span>(textit{M})</span> agents, who are randomly selected to form size-distributed groups from time to time, and the grouped agents engage in the Public Goods Game (PGG). The size <span>(textit{g})</span> of the group is within <span>(textit{g}_textit{l})</span> and <span>(textit{g}_textit{h})</span>, where <span>(textit{g}_textit{l})</span> and <span>(textit{g}_textit{h})</span> are the lower and upper limits of the group size, respectively. Players have two strategies to choose, i.e., to cooperate (C), or to defect (D). Based on the dynamic grouping, we investigate the cooperative behavior of the system, and the results show that the frequency of cooperation is greatly affected by the noise intensity and group size distribution. In the evolutionary process, the payoffs of the cooperators (defectors) mainly depend on the strategy selection implemented by the death-birth process. For <span>(textit{g}in text {[1,3]})</span>, different noise intensities <span>(textit{K})</span> induce different dynamic behaviors together with the multiplication factor <span>(textit{r})</span>. For <span>(textit{g}in text {[1,5]})</span>, the system may evolve to one of the bistable states (one is the totally cooperative state and the other is a mixed state with cooperators and defectors) starting from different initial concentrations of cooperation. The results of numerical computation seems to fit well with the simulation data. Furthermore, for <span>(K=1.0)</span> and <span>(g in [1,5])</span>, we still observe the phenomenon of hysteresis effect where the system just reaches to the totally cooperative state slowly after a period of delay with increasing multiplication factor <i>r</i>. In addition, when one D-player tries to invade the C-population, there exists a critical game parameter <span>(textit{r}_textit{invade})</span>, below which the C-population will be invaded. We also study how the critical game parameter relies on the noise intensity and the group size distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An ab-initio study of nodal-arcs, axial strain’s effect on nodal-lines and Weyl nodes and Weyl-contributed Seebeck coefficient in TaAs class of Weyl semimetals","authors":"Vivek Pandey,&nbsp;Sudhir K. Pandey","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00788-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00788-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work establishes the existence of dispersive <i>nodal-arcs</i> and their evolution into Weyl nodes under the effect of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in NbAs and NbP. The obtained features mimic the observations as reported for TaAs and TaP in our previous work (Pandey in J Phys Condens Matter 35:455501, 2023). In addition, this work reports that the number of nodes in the TaAs class of Weyl semimetals (WSMs) can be altered by creating strain along <i>a</i> or <i>c</i> direction of the crystals. For instance, the number of nodes in NbAs under SOC-effect along with 2% (3%) tensile-strain in <i>a</i> direction is found to be 40 (56) in its full Brillouin zone (BZ). Besides the nodes, such strain are found to have considerable impact on the nodal-lines of these WSMs when effect of SOC is ignored. In the absence of SOC, a 3% tensile (compressive) strain along the <i>a</i> (<i>c</i>) direction leads to the partially merging of nodal-lines in the extended BZ of NbAs and NbP, which is not observed in TaAs and TaP within the range of – 3% to 3% strain. Apart from this, the work discusses the role of Weyl physics in affecting the Seebeck coefficient (<i>S</i>) of any WSM. In this direction, it is discussed that how a symmetric Weyl cone, even if tilted, will have no contribution to the <i>S</i> of WSMs. Furthermore, the work highlights the conditions under which a Weyl cone can contribute to the <i>S</i> of a given WSM. Next, the discussion of Weyl contribution to <i>S</i> is validated over TaAs class of WSMs via investigating the features of their Weyl cones and calculating the contributions of such cones to the <i>S</i> of these semimetals. Weyl-cone contributed <i>S</i> in these WSMs is found to be anisotropic within the temperature range of 0–100 K. The value of <i>S</i> contributed from Weyl cone is found to be as large as <span>(sim )</span>70 <span>(mu )</span><i>V</i>/<i>K</i> below 25 K in case of NbP. Lastly, the expected effect of axial strain and change in SOC-strength on <i>S</i> of TaAs class of WSMs is discussed. The findings of this work present a possibility of engineering the topological properties of TaAs class of WSMs via creating strain in their crystal. It also makes the picture of Weyl physics’  impact on the <i>S</i> of WSMs a more clear.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical analysis of proteins families: a network and random matrix approach","authors":"Rakhi Kumari,&nbsp;Pradeep Bhadola,&nbsp;Nivedita Deo","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00781-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00781-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present a novel method for analyzing the structural organization of protein families by integrating random matrix theory (RMT) and network theory with the physiochemical properties of amino acids and multiple sequence alignment. RMT distinguishes significant interactions between amino acids from background noise, pinpointing coevolving positions likely crucial for protein structure and function. This property-based approach captures both short and long-range correlations, unlike previous methods that treat amino acids as mere characters. The eigenvector components of eigenvalues outside the RMT bound deviate from typical RMT observations, offering critical system information. We quantify the information content of each eigenvector using an entropic estimate, showing that the smallest eigenvectors are highly localized and informative. These eigenvectors form clusters of biologically and structurally significant positions, validated by experiments. By creating networks of amino acid interactions for each property, we uncover key motifs and interactions. This method enhances our understanding of protein evolution, interactions, and potential targets to modulate enzymatic actions. We study two protein families Cadherin-4 and Betalactamase families which display two extreme characteristics one nearly random and the other very structured or organised.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of laser parameters on the structural properties of gadolinium oxide nanoparticles synthesis via pulsed laser ablation in liquid","authors":"Mayyadah H. Mohsin,&nbsp;Khawla S. Khashan,&nbsp;Ghassan M. Sulaiman","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00783-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00783-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study thoroughly investigates the characterization of cubic gadolinium oxide nanoparticles (c-Gd₂O₃NPs) synthesized via laser ablation and fragmentation in liquid, emphasizing the impact of laser fluence and wavelength on nanoparticle morphology. FESEM and HRTEM analyses reveal significant morphological variations, including the formation of nanotubes and nanoflakes, in response to different laser fluences. XRD analysis identifies distinct phases of c-Gd₂O₃NPs, with prominent reflections in the cubic phase and additional reflections in the monoclinic phase. Utilizing a second harmonic wavelength (532 nm) results in higher laser fluence compared to the fundamental wavelength (1064 nm), leading to more efficient ablation and fragmentation. This produces smaller, more uniform nanoparticles with enhanced optical properties, such as increased absorbance and transmittance. The 532 nm wavelength notably influences NPs size and shape, resulting in smaller particles with controlled size distribution and morphology. This modification leads to distinct absorbance and transmittance characteristics, often causing a blue shift in the absorption edge due to the quantum confinement effect, where the energy band gap increases as particle size decreases. These findings contribute to refining the synthesis process and enhancing the understanding of the mechanisms governing NP formation. This knowledge guides the synthesis procedure and harnesses tailored features of c-Gd₂O₃NPs for improved performance in various applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phonon-drag thermopower in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells","authors":"M. M. Babayev,&nbsp;B. H. Mehdyev,&nbsp;Kh. B. Sultanova","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00790-5","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00790-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermopower in a semiconductor quantum well with the modified Pöschl–Teller confining potential is calculated, taking into account the drag of electrons by phonons. Based on the obtained theoretical results, the temperature dependence of thermopower in a <span>(text{GaAs}/{text{Al}}_{x}{text{Ga}}_{1-x}As)</span> quantum well at low temperatures has been studied. Numerical calculations show that our theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental ones. This indicates that the modified Pöschl–Teller potential describes well the confinement potential in semiconductor quantum wells.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"XY-VBS phase boundary for the square-lattice (J_1)-(J_2) XXZ model with the ring exchange","authors":"Yoshihiro Nishiyama","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00793-2","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00793-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The square-lattice <span>(J_1)</span>-<span>(J_2)</span> <i>XXZ</i> model with the ring-exchange interaction <i>K</i> was investigated numerically. As for the hard-core-boson model with the nearest-neighbor hopping <span>(J_1/2)</span>, namely, the <span>(J_1)</span>-<i>K</i> <i>XY</i> model, it has been reported that the ring exchange leads to a variety of exotic phases such as the valence-bond-solid (VBS) phase. In this paper, we extend the parameter space to investigate the phase boundary between the <i>XY</i> (superfluid) and VBS phases. A notable feature is that the phase boundary terminates at the fully frustrated point, <span>(J_2/J_1 rightarrow 0.5^-)</span>. As a scaling parameter for the multi-criticality, the distance from the multi-critical point <span>(delta (ge 0))</span> is introduced. To detect the phase transition, we employed the high-order fidelity susceptibility <span>(chi ^{(3)}_F)</span>, which is readily evaluated via the exact-diagonalization scheme. As a demonstration, for a fixed value of <span>(delta )</span>, the <i>XY</i>-VBS criticality was analyzed by the probe <span>(chi ^{(3)}_F)</span>. Thereby, with properly scaling <span>(delta )</span>, the <span>(chi ^{(3)}_F)</span> data were cast into the crossover-scaling formula to determine the multi-criticality.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00793-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generating in-store customer journeys from scratch with GPT architectures","authors":"Taizo Horikomi,&nbsp;Takayuki Mizuno","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00778-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00778-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We propose a method that can generate customer trajectories and purchasing behaviors in retail stores simultaneously using Transformer-based deep learning structure. Utilizing customer trajectory data, layout diagrams, and retail scanner data obtained from a retail store, we trained a GPT-2 architecture from scratch to generate indoor trajectories and purchase actions. Additionally, we explored the effectiveness of fine-tuning the pre-trained model with data from another store. Results demonstrate that our method reproduces in-store trajectories and purchase behaviors more accurately than LSTM and SVM models, with fine-tuning significantly reducing the required training data.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00778-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142414134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}