American journal of industrial medicine最新文献

{"title":"The Impact of Employment Status, Income, and Occupation on the Association Between Workplace Benefits and Health-Related Work Absences","authors":"Jim P. Stimpson,&nbsp;Jessica Billig,&nbsp;Tami Gurley,&nbsp;Joshua M. Liao","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23733","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23733","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Workplace benefits such as paid sick leave and employer-sponsored health insurance influence workers' ability to take time off when ill or injured. We examined whether and to what extent these workplace benefits complement each other in affecting health-related work absences, and whether associations varied by employment status, income, and occupation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study analyzed pooled data from the 2021 and 2023 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), a nationally representative survey of US adults. The sample included 31,280 employed adults. Workers were classified into four workplace benefits groups: paid sick leave only, employer-sponsored health insurance only, both benefits, and neither benefit. The primary outcome was health-related work absence in the past 12 months. Interaction terms assessed differences in probability of absence by employment status (full-time vs. part-time), income (&lt; 400% vs. ≥ 400% of the federal poverty level), and occupation type (Management, Professional, Service, Sales, and Production).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to those with neither benefit, the probability of work absence was 7.3 points higher with employer-sponsored health insurance only (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 4.6 points higher with paid sick leave only (<i>p</i> = 0.002), and 12.0 points higher with both benefits (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). The association between workplace benefits and health-related work absence varied by employment status, income level, and occupation type (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 for all interactions).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Access to paid sick leave and health insurance increased the likelihood of taking time off due to illness or injury, with differences by employment status, income, and occupation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 7","pages":"598-606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Perfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) Exposure and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Korean Adults: Results From the KoNEHS 2018–2020: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jisuk Yun,&nbsp;Young-Sun Min","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23732","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23732","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health problem and the most common chronic liver disease today. In Korea, the prevalence and incidence of NAFLD are currently very high, causing a serious social burden. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been consistently implicated as a potential cause of NAFLD, but research in Koreans is limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Using data from the 4th Korean National Environmental Health Survey (KoNEHS, <i>n</i> = 2792), we investigated the association between PFAS blood levels and NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for the effects of PFAS. A mediation analysis was also conducted to examine the mediating effect of obesity. Finally, weighted quantile sum (WQS) and G-computation methods were implemented to evaluate the joint effect of PFAS mixtures. Hepatic steatosis index was used as a diagnostic tool for NAFLD. [Correction added on 15 May 2025, after first online publication: The KoNEHS <i>n</i> value was changed from 2859 to 2792 in this version.]</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Through multivariable logistic regression, statistically significant associations with NAFLD were observed for perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) (OR 1.09–1.39), perfluorooctansulfonate (PFOS) (1.09–1.40), perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) (1.04–1.22), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) (1.12–1.42), and total PFAS (1.21–1.81). We also found that obesity was a significant mediator for PFOA, PFNA, and total PFAS. The ORs for NAFLD obtained by WQS and G-computation methods in the multivariable adjusted model were 1.10–1.46 and 1.08–1.32, respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study confirmed a significant association between some PFAS and increased odds of NAFLD. Excessive exposure to PFAS might explain the high prevalence and incidence of chronic liver disease in Koreans. Long-term cohort studies are needed to assess geographic and occupational exposures in the Korean population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 7","pages":"588-597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological Well-Being of US Educators Remains a Post-Pandemic Concern: Findings From a Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Jennifer M. Cavallari,&nbsp;Sierra M. Trudel,&nbsp;Natalie R. Charamut,&nbsp;Megan N. Miskovsky,&nbsp;Matthew Brennan,&nbsp;Amanda J. L. Hiner,&nbsp;Rebecca J. Gore,&nbsp;Lisa M. H. Sanetti,&nbsp;Alicia G. Dugan","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23731","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23731","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Educator mental health plays an important role in schools, yet the long-term impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic remain unknown. We sought to estimate the prevalence of school employee stress, anxiety, and depression in the 2022–2023 school year within two school districts in the Northeastern United States.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>An electronic survey was distributed to school employees. Stress was assessed with the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale with scores 0–13, 14–26, and 27–40 representing low, moderate, and high stress. The Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression 10-item scale were used to assess clinically significant anxiety and depressive symptoms, with a cut-point of 10 applied to the total summed score of each scale. We used log-binomial regression models to estimate prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The majority (76.0%) of the 725 school employees surveyed reported moderate to severe stress with 31.2% and 49.5% reporting clinically significant anxiety or depressive symptoms, respectively. A significantly higher prevalence of anxiety was reported among females (PR = 1.15 (CI: 1.02, 1.30)), instructional staff (PR = 1.15 (CI: 1.02, 1.30)), and employees reporting financial insecurity (PR = 1.18 (CI: 1.10, 1.27)). Likewise, a significantly higher prevalence of depression was reported was reported among women (PR = 1.24; CI (1.00–1.52)), instructional staff (PR = 1.31; CI (1.06–1.62)), and employees reporting financial insecurity (PR = 1.38; CI (1.19–1.60)). Stress, anxiety, and depression were each associated with employees’ intention to quit.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The residual effects of the pandemic remain prevalent among school employees. Improving school employees’ mental health is crucial for the well-being and retention of educators.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 7","pages":"642-650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying the NIOSH Worker Well-Being Framework to Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers: Insights From the Literature","authors":"Tessa Bonney,&nbsp;Dana Madigan,&nbsp;Vinay Espinosa-Ravi,&nbsp;Linda Forst","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23728","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23728","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a growing appreciation of the importance of health and well-being and of the complex set of factors, within and outside the workplace, that interact to affect the well-being of workers. Migrant and seasonal farmworkers experience particular challenges, and measurement of factors that influence their health and well-being is important to the ethical sustainability of this critical workforce.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To examine the applicability of the NIOSH Worker Well-Being Framework to the health and well-being of farmworkers, we conducted a literature review to (1) explore the ways in which the domains, subdomains, and constructs of the framework are described in studies of farmworkers, and (2) identify additional constructs that are not described or not in alignment with the framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Four reviewers used a thematic analysis approach to identify and summarize key areas of alignment and non-alignment of 163 included articles. We found alignment with the five framework domains and their sub-domains, though several are understudied or narrowly operationalized in studies of farmworkers. The vast majority of studies addressed contributors to poor health. We found five additional cross-cutting or unaligned themes (legal status, discrimination, exploitation, fear of retaliation, fear of deportation).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>External and work-related social factors are important to the well-being of the farmworker workforce. Contextual determinants of employment precarity, hazardous occupational and nonoccupational exposures, and social safety nets should be considered in comprehensive assessments of worker well-being. Other precarious and immigrant workforces may also require expansion of the NIOSH Worker Well-Being Framework.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 7","pages":"573-587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23728","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143971503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial Robotics and the Future of Work","authors":"John Howard,&nbsp;Vladimir Murashov,&nbsp;Gary Roth,&nbsp;Christopher Wendt,&nbsp;Jacob Carr,&nbsp;Marvin Cheng,&nbsp;Scott Earnest,&nbsp;K. C. Elliott,&nbsp;Emily Haas,&nbsp;Ci-Jyun Liang,&nbsp;Gretchen Petery,&nbsp;Jennifer Ragsdale,&nbsp;Christopher Reid,&nbsp;Peregrin Spielholz,&nbsp;Douglas Trout,&nbsp;Divya Srinivasan","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23729","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.23729","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Starting in the 1970s with robots that were physically <i>isolated</i> from contact with their human co-workers, robots now <i>collaborate</i> with human workers towards a common task goal in a shared workspace. This type of robotic device represents a new era of workplace automation. Industrial robotics is rapidly evolving due to advances in sensor technology, artificial intelligence (AI), wireless communications, mechanical engineering, and materials science. While these new robotic devices are used mainly in manufacturing and warehousing, human-robot collaboration is now seen across multiple goods-producing and service-delivery industry sectors. Assessing and controlling the risks of human-robot collaboration is a critical challenge for occupational safety and health research and practice as industrial robotics becomes a pervasive feature of the future of work. Understanding the physical, psychosocial, work organization, and cybersecurity risks associated with the increasing use of robotic technologies is critical to ensuring the safe development and implementation of industrial robotics. This commentary provides a brief review of the uses of robotic technologies across selected industry sectors; the risks of current and future industrial robotic applications for worker and employer alike; strategies for integrating human-robot collaboration into a health and safety management system; and the role of robotic safety standards in the future of work.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 7","pages":"559-572"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143966009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Concentration of Selected Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) by Industry and Occupational Groups Among US Adult Workers, NHANES 2005–2014","authors":"Ja K. Gu,&nbsp;Luenda E. Charles,&nbsp;Chol Seung Lim,&nbsp;Anna Mnatsakanova,&nbsp;Stacey Anderson,&nbsp;Lisa Dzubak,&nbsp;Erin McCanlies","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23726","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with multiple health effects including pregnancy-induced hypertension and pre-eclampsia, increased serum hepatic enzymes, increased in serum lipids, decreased antibody response to vaccines, and decreased birth weight. Millions of US workers are exposed to PFAS at their workplaces. Our objective was to estimate the serum levels of the five PFAS that are most frequently detected in the US general population(perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA)) among US adult workers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Participants were 4476 workers aged ≥ 20 years with PFAS analyte results available who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005–2014. Geometric mean serum levels of PFAS (ng/mL) were obtained across industry and occupation groups using the PFAS subsample weight in SAS-callable SUDAAN V11.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 21 industry groups, the highest geometric mean PFAS levels (ng/mL) were observed in Construction (PFOS = 12.61 ng/mL, PFOA = 3.76, PFHxS = 2.10, PFNA = 1.23, and PFDA = 0.33), followed by Utilities (PFOS = 12.46), and Real Estate/Rental/Leasing (PFOS = 12.15). The lowest geometric mean PFAS levels were seen in Private Households (PFOS = 6.34, PFOA = 2.12, PFHxS=0.75, PFNA = 0.86, and PFDA = 0.25). Among 22 occupation groups, the highest geometric mean PFAS levels were observed in Life/Physical/Social Science occupations (PFOS = 13.19, PFOA = 3.54, PFHxS= 1.69, PFNA = 1.23, and PFDA = 0.33), followed by Installation/Maintenance/Repair occupations (PFOS = 12.75), and Construction/Extraction occupations (PFOS = 12.15). The lowest geometric mean PFAS levels were found in Personal Care/Service occupations (PFOS = 7.25, PFOA = 2.43, PFHxS = 1.07, PFNA = 0.94, and PFDA = 0.25).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Some industry and occupation groups had higher geometric mean levels of PFAS in serum compared to others. Further investigation of these industries and occupations may result in a better understanding of the sources and degree of occupational exposure to PFAS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 6","pages":"531-542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicosis, Sarcoidosis, or Both? Rethinking Disease Labels in Light of Co-Occurrence","authors":"Steven Ronsmans,&nbsp;Benoit Nemery,&nbsp;Nico De Crem,&nbsp;Birgit Weynand","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23730","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 6","pages":"487-490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Component Associations of the Healthy Worker Survivor Bias in Medical Radiation Workers","authors":"Won Jin Lee,&nbsp;Jaeho Jeong,&nbsp;Young Min Kim","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23727","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The healthy worker survivor bias may vary by sex. This study investigated three component associations necessary for this bias to determine the origins of sex differences in this bias among male and female workers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We analyzed a data set of 93,918 South Korean diagnostic medical radiation workers registered in the National Dose Registry from 1996 to 2011, linked with mortality and cancer incidence data. Component associations were assessed using Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to estimate odds ratios (ORs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A significant association between prior cumulative exposure and employment status was observed for all-cause mortality in male (HR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02–1.10), whereas an inverse association was noted in female workers (HR 0.82, 95% CI 0.78–0.87). Adjusted ORs for employment status and subsequent exposure for all-cause mortality, as well as HRs for employment status and survival time, demonstrated associations in the same direction in both males and females.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings demonstrate that sex-specific differences in healthy worker survivor bias were primarily driven by the association between prior exposure and employment status. To improve bias mitigation in occupational cohort studies, sex-specific components should be incorporated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 6","pages":"552-556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23727","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silicosarcoidosis: Histologic and Clinical Features of an Occupational Granulomatous Disease","authors":"Jeremy T. Hua,&nbsp;Carlyne D. Cool,&nbsp;Einat Fireman Klein,&nbsp;Yochai Adir,&nbsp;Lukas J. Lee,&nbsp;Lauren M. Zell-Baran,&nbsp;Robert A. Cohen,&nbsp;Richard C. Kraus,&nbsp;E. Brigitte Gottschall,&nbsp;Silpa D. Krefft,&nbsp;Charles Van Hook,&nbsp;Cecile S. Rose","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23724","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease of unknown etiology. Growing evidence indicates that occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica (RCS) is associated with an increased incidence of sarcoidosis. Yet a diagnosis of sarcoidosis rarely prompts investigation to identify preventable exposures. We sought to elucidate features that identify this important clinical syndrome of silicosarcoidosis. We assembled a multinational case series of workers with sarcoidosis who also reported occupational RCS exposure. We characterized clinical and histopathologic findings using a standardized instrument. We also assessed lung specimens using a novel quantitative microscopy technique to measure birefringent dust density in silicosarcoidosis cases and compared them to control groups. We identified 35 silicosarcoidosis cases (97% male, mean age 48 years) from the United States, Israel, and Taiwan who reported 21 ± 9 years of RCS exposure. On histology scoring, 25/29 (86%) had granulomas and 17/18 (94%) with evaluable lung tissue had lymphocytic inflammation and/or lymphoid aggregates. Common lung interstitial findings included silicotic nodules (39%), mixed-dust macules/nodules (44%), and birefringent dust (50%). Quantitative birefringent dust density was significantly greater (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) in silicosarcoidosis cases compared with healthy controls (147 ± 179 vs. 12 ± 9 particles/mm²) but lower than in coal miners with silica-related progressive massive fibrosis (623 ± 777). We found significant differences in the frequency of histologic abnormalities in large versus small biopsy specimens, with fewer findings of RCS exposure in smaller tissue samples. The use of the term silicosarcoidosis should enhance recognition of this significant exposure-related granulomatous lung disease and will help guide clinical management that addresses exposure prevention in combination with appropriate pharmacologic treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 6","pages":"491-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23724","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occupational Exposure Patterns to Disinfectants and Cleaning Products and Its Association With Asthma Among French Healthcare Workers","authors":"Bakari Ibrahim,&nbsp;Nicole Le Moual,&nbsp;Guillaume Sit,&nbsp;Marcel Goldberg,&nbsp;Bénédicte Leynaert,&nbsp;Céline Ribet,&nbsp;Nicolas Roche,&nbsp;Raphaëlle Varraso,&nbsp;Marie Zins,&nbsp;Rachel Nadif,&nbsp;Laurent Orsi,&nbsp;Orianne Dumas","doi":"10.1002/ajim.23725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.23725","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Disinfectants and cleaning products (DCPs) are important asthma risk factors among healthcare workers. However, healthcare work involves heterogenous cleaning tasks and co-exposure to many chemicals. These multidimensional aspects have rarely been considered. We aimed to identify patterns of occupational exposure to DCPs and study their associations with asthma.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>CONSTANCES is a French population-based cohort of ≈220,000 adults. Current asthma and asthma symptom score were defined by questionnaire at inclusion (2012–2021). Healthcare workers completed a supplementary questionnaire on their current/last held occupation, workplace, and cleaning activities that were used in unsupervised learning algorithms to identify occupational exposure patterns. Logistic and negative binomial regression models, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to assess associations with asthma outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In 5512 healthcare workers, four occupational exposure clusters were identified: Cluster1 (C1, 42%, reference), mainly characterized by low exposed nurses and physicians; C2 (7%), medical laboratory staff moderately exposed to common DCPs (chlorine/bleach, alcohol); C3 (41%), nursing assistants and nurses highly exposed to a few DCPs (mainly quaternary ammonium compounds); and C4 (10%), nurses and nursing assistants highly exposed to multiple DCPs (e.g., glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide, and acids). Among women (<i>n</i> = 3734), C2 (mean score ratio [95% CI]: 1.31 [1.02; 1.68]) and C3 (1.18 [1.03; 1.36]) were associated with higher asthma symptom score, and an association was suggested between C3 and current asthma (odds ratio 1.22 [0.99; 1.51]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a large population of healthcare workers, four DCP exposure patterns were identified, reflecting the heterogeneity of healthcare jobs. Two patterns, including one characterized by laboratory workers, were associated with greater asthma symptoms in women.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"68 6","pages":"516-530"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.23725","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143939595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}