American journal of industrial medicine最新文献

{"title":"A National Trauma Data Bank Analysis of Work-Related Versus Non Work-Related Trauma Injury Admissions in the United States, 2017-2022.","authors":"Nadia T Saif, Harold Gomes, Audrey A Reichard, Vidisha Parasram, Christina Socias-Morales","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70148","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Trauma registry data have unique characteristics differentiating them from traditional occupational injury surveillance data sources. This study analyzed trauma injury admissions (which includes emergency department encounters regardless of discharge disposition) in the American College of Surgeons National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) to compare worker and injury characteristics of work-related and non-work-related admissions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study analyzed admissions among patients aged 14 years and older from the NTDB during 2017-2022. We calculated frequencies for demographic, injury, and outcome characteristics stratified by work-relatedness (injury occurrence during paid employment). Multivariable logistic regression assessed the relationship between demographic and injury characteristics with work-relatedness as the outcome, adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, and mechanism of injury.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 5,901,246 injuries, 241,328 injuries (4.1%) were work-related. More work-related injuries were in males (87.6% vs. 59.5% of non-work-related) and were unintentional (95.6% vs. 85.1%). The highest proportion of work-related injuries were in the construction industry (29.6%). More work-related admissions required the operating room (19.8% vs. 10.9%). Patients ages 25-44 years and men had higher odds of sustaining work-related injuries compared with other age groups and women. The mechanism of injury with the highest odds of work-relatedness compared to falls (reference) was from machinery (OR_adj 9.39, 95% CI 8.63-10.22).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trauma registry data can contribute to occupational injury research and surveillance. Strengths include a large sample size, industry and occupation coding, and data on severity, demographics, injury mechanisms, and outcomes. NTDB data could be used to study occupational injury trends among U.S-workers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149223045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Construction Job Share: An Action-Linked Alcohol Pathway for Taiwan's Workforce.","authors":"Jui-Men Chang, Lien-Chung Wei","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to \"Beyond Construction Job Share: An Action-Linked Alcohol Pathway for Taiwan's Workforce\".","authors":"Sehun Oh, Bridget Freisthler, Devan Hawkins","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.70147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149190710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Timing of Work-Rest Implementation Influences Worker Productivity Under Heat Stress: Evidence for Initial Stay Time-Based Scheduling","authors":"Glen P. Kenny,&nbsp;Kelli E. McCormick,&nbsp;Katie E. Wagar,&nbsp;Roberto C. Harris-Mostert,&nbsp;James J. McCormick,&nbsp;Leonidas G. Ioannou,&nbsp;Fergus K. O'Connor","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70129","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Work-rest allocations recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) limit heat strain and are typically implemented from the onset of work. Whether delaying implementation until after the initial stay time (IST; the duration of continuous work before core temperature reaches 38.0°C) improves total work performed is unknown.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Young males performed moderate- (200 W·m⁻²) and heavy- (260 W·m⁻²) intensity work at a wet-bulb globe temperature 26°C (34.1°C, 35% relative humidity). Two work protocols were compared using independent cohorts (moderate: <i>n</i> = 15 per cohort; heavy: <i>n</i> = 10 per cohort): Protocol A, IST-guided delayed work-rest implementation and Protocol B, standard ACGIH work-rest implementation consisting of moderate: 45-min work, 15-min rest; heavy: 30-min work, 30-min rest. Trials consisted of 240-min morning and afternoon work periods separated by a 1-h lunch break.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During moderate work, total work time was greater with Protocol A in the morning (+24 min, 95% CI: 13–36, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with no difference in the afternoon (0 min, 95% CI: −12 to 12, <i>p</i> = 0.994). During heavy work, morning work time was also greater with Protocol A (+30 min, 95% CI: 22–38, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with no afternoon difference (+7 min, 95% CI: −1 to 15, <i>p</i> = 0.081). Time above 38.3°C did not differ during moderate work (<i>p</i> = 0.252) and was lower during heavy work (−24 min, 95% CI: −44 to −4, <i>p</i> = 0.017).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Delaying work-rest cycles until after IST increases morning work output by ~10%–13% without increasing time above critical core temperature thresholds.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"984-995"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148824050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social Vulnerability and Pesticides Exposure in Horticultural Work, Cordoba, Argentina","authors":"Melisa Florencia Romero Asís,&nbsp;Iohanna Filippi,&nbsp;Mariana Eandi,&nbsp;Mariana Butinof","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70122","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluated pesticide exposure among horticultural workers (2016–2017) in Córdoba City's Green Belt (CGB), in Argentina, by measuring effect biomarkers and self-reported symptoms during two seasons with different exposure levels.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Thirty-four participants provided blood samples for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) analysis, and 23 completed health and exposure questionnaires in a longitudinal study design.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The results showed seasonal variations in symptomatology and AChE-Er activity. There was greater enzyme inhibition in autumn compared to spring, and more respiratory and neurological symptoms reported during the spring season. No significant seasonal differences were found in AChE-Pl activity. Multiple correspondence analysis identified two social vulnerability profiles. The most vulnerable group consisted mainly of Bolivian migrant workers who showed no enzymatic recovery. This group had low education levels, worked as tenants, and used inadequate personal protective equipment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings underscore the importance of biannual AChE monitoring and the need for participatory public health interventions that are tailored to local working and living conditions. This study improves our understanding of pesticide exposure and vulnerability in horticultural contexts.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"921-930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Performance in Young Adults During Three Consecutive Days of Simulated Occupational Heat Stress: An Exploratory Study","authors":"Daniel C. Moore,&nbsp;Sean R. Notley,&nbsp;Brad Aisbett,&nbsp;Jarrad Lum,&nbsp;Luana C. Main","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70123","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70123","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Global increases in occupational heat exposure are raising concerns about worker safety and cognitive performance during prolonged and repeated shifts. At present, the cumulative effects of repeated heat exposure on cognitive performance remain unclear. This exploratory study examined cognitive performance and perceived workload across three consecutive days of simulated occupational heat stress.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty physically active adults (age: 27 ± 6 years [5 female]) completed two randomized crossover trials comprising three consecutive 8-h workdays under hot (35°C; 63% RH; WBGT 31°C) and control (18°C; 53% RH; WBGT 14°C) conditions wearing minimal clothing (&lt; 1 Clo). Participants performed moderate-intensity physical work (~4.3 METs) using a 30-min work:30-min rest schedule. Cognitive performance was assessed at start-of-day, midday, and end-of-day using the Joggle Research battery, evaluating sensorimotor speed, processing speed, and attention, visuospatial perception, sustained attention, and visual memory. Perceived workload was assessed at start-of-day and end-of-day using the NASA Task Load Index.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cognitive performance was largely preserved across domains within and across repeated workdays, with no evidence of cumulative impairment (<i>p</i> ≥ 0.170). Unexpectedly, sustained attention improved in the heat. Perceived physical workload was higher in the heat, while perceived mental workload was unchanged.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Under prescribed work–rest conditions, cognitive performance appears to be maintained across consecutive days of occupational heat exposure in young, physically active adults. Future work should explore the relationship between heat and cognition in larger, more diverse work populations and in more challenging conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"931-947"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.70123","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148652889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giovanni Antonio Scopoli's De Hydrargyro Idriensi Tentamina (1761): Mercury Mining, Mercurialism, and Preventive Reasoning in Eighteenth-Century Occupational Medicine","authors":"Alberto Zanatta,&nbsp;Paola Mason,&nbsp;Sofia Bollini,&nbsp;Giovanni Magno","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70128","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Giovanni Antonio Scopoli (1723–1788), a physician-naturalist of the Enlightenment, is primarily remembered for his contributions to botany and entomology. Less attention has been paid to his medical work <i>De hydrargyro Idriensi Tentamina physico-chymico-medica</i> (1761), written during his fifteen years of service as physician at the mercury mines of Idrija (present-day Slovenia). Its third section, <i>De morbis fossorum hydrargyri</i>, offers a detailed occupational-medical account of disorders and diseases among mercury miners and smelter workers, including tremor, salivation, stomatitis, respiratory disorders, and other conditions associated with mining labor. This article reassesses Scopoli's work within the history of occupational medicine, comparing his site-specific approach with the broader nosology of Bernardino Ramazzini and the later reform-oriented tradition associated with 19th-century industrial medicine. Rather than presenting Scopoli as a neglected founder of the discipline, we argue that the <i>Tentamina</i> represents a distinctive 18th-century form of occupational-medical inquiry: a monographic, workplace-based, clinically grounded study that linked toxic exposure, working conditions, and prevention before the emergence of modern industrial toxicology. The work remains substantially unknown in Anglophone historiography and deserves wider recognition as a significant example of pre-industrial occupational-medical inquiry.</p>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"996-1004"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mortality Among Employees of the Main Public Transport Company in the Paris Region, France: A Retrospective Cohort Study of 96,634 Employees Followed From 1980 to 2012","authors":"Nicolas Méthy,&nbsp;Amélie Debatisse,&nbsp;Frédéric Moisan","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70120","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The aim of the study was to assess overall and cause-specific mortality among employees and former employees of the main public transport company in the Paris region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The cohort included all personnel employed between 1980 and 2012 with at least 1 year of service. Vital status and causes of death were obtained from national registries and classified according to the European shortlist for causes of death. Occupations were categorized into 22 distinct groups, and complete occupational histories were reconstructed. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate survival by socio-professional group and hazard ratios of death by occupation. Standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated to compare mortality with that of the general population of the Paris region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 96,634 individuals (78,702 men and 17,932 women) were included. By the end of follow-up, 14.6% of men and 6.5% of women had died. A social gradient in survival was observed with marked differences in the hazard ratios of mortality across occupational categories. Among men, significant excess mortality was found for kidney cancer (SMR = 1.24), acute myocardial infarction (SMR = 1.17), chronic liver disease (SMR = 1.11), and suicide (SMR = 1.20). Among women, mortality due to transport accidents was significantly in excess (SMR = 1.85). Specific excesses were found by occupation: for example, in men, tumors in skilled maintenance workers (SMR = 1.67), ischemic heart disease in bus drivers (SMR = 1.21), security staff (SMR = 2.02), and unskilled workers (SMR = 1.18), and in women, cerebrovascular diseases in bus drivers (SMR = 1.85).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>These findings highlight occupational inequalities in mortality and support strengthening targeted prevention strategies for high-risk workgroups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"911-920"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148648217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Federal Protections for Farmworker Health in the United States: A Scoping Review of Three Decades of Research","authors":"Kaitlyn Alvarez Noli,&nbsp;Stephane Labossiere,&nbsp;Becca Berkey,&nbsp;Joseph G. Grzywacz","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70121","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70121","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This scoping review characterizes the scope, methods, and framing of empirical research evaluating the Field Sanitation Standard (FSS) and Worker Protection Standard (WPS) of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Department of Labor respectively.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we identified empirical studies (1990–2024) assessing elements of either the FSS or WPS. Two reviewers screened and extracted study characteristics, designs, populations, and regulatory elements. Framing analysis of 1226 segments, identified using a large language model, from the studies' abstracts and introductions examined how authors conceptualized farmworkers' need for protection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty studies met the inclusion criteria. Studies concentrated in the Atlantic Southeast, and the vast majority (&gt; 80%) used cross-sectional designs. Most (75%) focused on the WPS, primarily pesticide-safety training, while the FSS was less studied. Ten frames emerged; the most common were behavioral intervention (83%), regulatory inadequacy (75%), and structural vulnerability (65%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Evaluation of WPS and FSS effectiveness is fragmented: geographically concentrated, episodically timed, and predominantly descriptive. These limitations hinder impact assessment. The 2018 EPA Office of Inspector General recommendation for systematic WPS evaluation remains unmet. Sustained federal investment in rigorous, longitudinal evaluation, covering both the WPS and FSS, is needed to ensure the policies' objectives, the protection of farmworker health, are met.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"899-910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.70121","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148663402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Limited Agreement Between Perceptual and Physiological Heat Strain at Initial Stay Times for Continuous Work in the Heat Before Heat Alleviation Controls","authors":"Gil Bourgois,&nbsp;Kristina-Marie T. Janetos,&nbsp;Fergus K. O'Connor,&nbsp;Leonidas G. Ioannou,&nbsp;Glen P. Kenny","doi":"10.1002/ajim.70127","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ajim.70127","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Accurate assessment of heat strain at initial stay time (IST; core temperature 38.0°C or Δ1.0°C above resting), when heat mitigation decisions are required, is critical for managing occupational heat exposure. We evaluated the relationship and agreement between physiological (Physiological Strain Index [PSI] and adaptive PSI [aPSI]) and perceptual (Perceptual Strain Index [PeSI]) indices during simulated occupational work performed until IST.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ninety-seven healthy adults completed treadmill walking to IST at either moderate-intensity (200 W·m⁻²; 24 young [12 females] and 25 older adults [13 females]) or heavy-intensity (260 W·m⁻²; 24 young [12 females] and 24 older adults [12 females]) at wet-bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) of 26°C, 29°C, or 32°C. Core and skin temperatures, heart rate, thermal sensation, and ratings of perceived exertion were measured to calculate PSI, aPSI, and PeSI. Relationships between indices were assessed using linear mixed-effects models, and agreement was evaluated using Bland−Altman analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PeSI increased with PSI and aPSI during moderate- and heavy-intensity work (all <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). These relationships were not modified by group, environmental condition, body surface area, or aerobic fitness. However, agreement between perceptual and physiological indices was limited, showing wide limits of agreement between PSI and PeSI during moderate- (−2.3 to 4.2 AU) and heavy-intensity (−3.0 to 4.0 AU) work. The agreement between PeSI and aPSI was modestly improved but remained variable.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We show that although perceptual responses increase with physiological heat strain, they do not reliably reflect physiological burden at IST, when decisions regarding the implementation of heat mitigation strategies are required.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7873,"journal":{"name":"American journal of industrial medicine","volume":"69 11","pages":"972-983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ajim.70127","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148787306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}