{"title":"Utilization of acetate-1-14C by the tarantula, Aphonepelma sp., and the scorpion, Centruroides sculpturatus, in lipid synthesis","authors":"R.H Ross Jr., R.E Monroe","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90531-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90531-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. After injection of tarantulas, <em>Aphonepelma</em> sp., and scorpions, <em>Centuroides sculpturatus</em>, with acetate-1-<sup>14</sup>C, over 30 per cent of the radiolabel was expired as <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub>.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>li2. The tarantulas and scorpions had 6·3 and 3·6 times the radioactivity in the fatty acids as in teh unsapobifiable lipids. Oleic acid was predominance in both species. The scorpions lacked arachidonic acid which was present in trace amounts in the tarantulas.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. Cholesterol made up greater than 99 per cent of the sterols in both species, but trace amounts of β-sitosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol were also present.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 765-773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90531-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79102528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Journal of evolutionary biochemistry and physiology","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90539-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90539-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 4","pages":"Page 829"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90539-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92143068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Changes in enzyme activities of the hatching muscle of the chick (Gallus domesticus) during development","authors":"John Klicka, John L Kaspar","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90535-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90535-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. Oxidative (MDH, ICDH, succinic oxidase) and glycolytic (pyruvic kinase, LDH) enzyme were assayed in the complexus and gastrocnemius muscles of the chick during incubation days 17–21 and at 6–8 days post-hatching.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. Enzyme activity patterns were found to be generally similar in the two muscles but the complexus was slightly more glycolytic and less oxidative than the gastrocnemius.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. Significant increases in pyruvic kinase activity were noted for both muscles at the time of pipping and the possible significance of this is discussed.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 803-809"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90535-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77311167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The pigments of Tetranychus cinnabarinus boisd. (Acari: Tetranychidae)","authors":"A Veerman","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90530-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90530-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. The pigments of the spider mite <em>Tetranychus cinnabarinus</em> and of the bean leaves the mites are feeding upon were investigated.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. Leaves of bean plants (<em>Phaseolus vulgaris</em> L.) were found to contain α-carotene, β-carotene, cryptoxanthin, lutein, lutein-5,6-epoxide, violaxanthin and neoxanthin.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. Besides chlorophylls a and b two chlorophyll derivatives thirteen carotenoids were isolated and identified from <em>T. cinnabarinus</em>.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. α-Carotene, β-carotene, lutein, lutein-5,6-epoxide, violaxanthin and neoxanthin are plant derived carotenoids found in extracts of <em>T. cinnabarinus</em>.</p></span></li><li><span>5.</span><span><p>5. From saponified extract of this spider mite three major keto-carotenoids were identified: 3,4-diketo-β-carotene, 3,4,4′-triketo-β-carotene and astacene. In the organism they are present in the form of esters of 3-hydroxy-4-keto--gb-carotene, 3-hydroxy-4,4′-diketo-β-carotene and astaxanthin respectively.</p></span></li><li><span>6.</span><span><p>6. Very small amounts of four other carotenoids were found: echinenone, isocryptoxanthin, a not identified monoepoxide and a diepoxide, possibly 5,6,5′,6′-diepoxy-β-carotene.</p></span></li><li><span>7.</span><span><p>7. A tentative scheme for the metabolism of carotenoids in <em>T. cinnabarinus</em> is given.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 749-763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90530-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76521769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Localization of the intracellular site of action of caffeine on skeletal muscle","authors":"H Huddart, K Oates","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90526-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90526-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. Exposure of frog and crayfish skeletal muscle to 10 mM caffeine saline results in a rapid dilation of the sarcoplasmic reticular tubules.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. Prolonged exposure to caffeine leads to disintegration of the sarcoplasmic reticular membranes, and after 30 min treatment the transverse tubules rupture,' destroying the trids and dyads.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. Destruction of triads and dyads releases their bound calcium, causing protracted contractures, and the calcium pump of the sarcoplasmic reticulum is inactivated.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. Tension changes in muscles exposed to caffeine closely parallel the damage caused by caffeine to the sub-cellular structures involved in excitation-contraction] coupling.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 677-678, IN3-IN8, 679-682"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90526-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90208078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Distribution and properties of ATPase activities in the cochlea of the chicken","authors":"W Kuijpers, N.M.D Houben, S.L Bonting","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90525-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)90525-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. The properties and distribution of an ouabain sensitive Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase system in the cochlear structures of the chicken were investigated with ultramicrochemical techniques.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. The properties of this enzyme system are in good agreement with those found in other tissues including the stria vascularis.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. The enzyme system was present in very high activity and appeared to be predominantly located in the tegmentum vasculosum.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. The agreement between the activities and properties of the Na<sup>+</sup>-K<sup>+</sup>-ATPase system in the tegmentum vasculosum of the chicken cochlea and the stria vascularis of the mammalian cochlea suggests that the tegmentum vasculosum may play the same essential role in the maintenance of the cochlear cation gradients and the cochlear potentials as the stria vascularis.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 4","pages":"Pages 669-670, IN1-IN2, 671-676"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)90525-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85520110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Serum proteins of the silver pheasant, Gennaeus nycthemerus","authors":"Alfred C. Schram","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)91024-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)91024-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. Fractionation of silver pheasant serum showed three main protein fractions (macroglobulins, globulins, albumin) each of which contained more than one component.</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. The protein fractions were immunologically similar to the corresponding chicken serum fractions.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. The silver pheasant elicited precipitating antibody following antigenic stimulation, but the antibody level was in general lower than the antibody level in an analogous chicken serum.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. Pheasant serum had a higher albumin level than chicken serum. Pheasant albumin also had a higher aromatic amino acid content than chicken serum albumin.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 481-492"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)91024-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16556248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The fine structure of nerve","authors":"E.G. Gray","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)91021-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)91021-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 419-422, IN1-IN17, 423-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)91021-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"16012379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of temperature on the metabolic rate and evaporative water loss of the sage sparrow Amphispiza belli nevadensis","authors":"Ralph R. Moldenhauer","doi":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)91033-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0010-406X(70)91033-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p></p><ul><li><span>1.</span><span><p>1. The thermoneutral zone of the sage sparrow, <em>Amphispiza belli nevadensis</em>, extended from <em>ca.</em> 28 to 37°C. The standard metabolic rate at 35°C was 7·41 kcal/day (mean body wt. = 18·6 g</p></span></li><li><span>2.</span><span><p>2. The temperature coefficient (5·8 per cent) and thermal conductance (3·96 kcal/m<sup>2</sup> per hr per °C) were relatively high, indicating poor insulation which is adaptive for desert existence.</p></span></li><li><span>3.</span><span><p>3. Between 10 and 35°C the rate of evaporative water loss was constant and averaged 6·7 mg H<sub>2</sub>O/g per hr. Evaporative cooling began above 35°C.</p></span></li><li><span>4.</span><span><p>4. At high temperatures (43°C) and low humidities (25 per cent) sage sparrows dissipate up to 110 per cent of their metabolic heat production by evaporative cooling.</p></span></li><li><span>5.</span><span><p>5. The heat dissipating characteristics and evaporative cooling efficiency of the sage sparrow are somewhat less than in other desert birds.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":78189,"journal":{"name":"Comparative biochemistry and physiology","volume":"36 3","pages":"Pages 579-587"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1970-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0010-406X(70)91033-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72371078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}