Anales de pediatria最新文献

{"title":"Evolución del patrón epidemiológico de la tosferina en la Comunidad de Madrid: 2012-2024","authors":"Laura Reques,&nbsp;Esther Córdoba,&nbsp;Ana María Humanes-Navarro,&nbsp;Susana Jiménez-Bueno,&nbsp;Araceli Arce,&nbsp;Fernando Martín","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite high vaccination coverage, a recent increase in pertussis incidence rates has been observed. The objective of the study was to describe epidemiological trends in pertussis between 2012 and 2024 in the Community of Madrid (central Spain).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Population-based observational study of pertussis cases reported to the regional epidemiological surveillance system. The cumulative incidence per 100,000 person-years was estimated for 2012-2015, 2016-2019, 2020-2022 and 2023-2024, as well as the proportion of hospitalizations and timely vaccination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The cumulative incidence for the age groups 1-4 years, 5-9 years, and 10-14 years were, respectively, 24.4, 16.5, and 15.9 cases per 100,000 person-years in 2012-2015 and 40.1, 62.1, and 58.0 cases per 100,000 person-years in 2023-2024. The cumulative incidence in infants aged less than one year was 243.6 cases per 100,000 person-years in 2012-2015 and 160.1 cases per 100,000 person-years in 2023-2024. The proportions of timely vaccination were 49.4, 89.2, 85.3, 79.1, and 67.2% in the<!--> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->1, 1-4, 5-9, 10-14, and 15-19 years groups, respectively. The median interval between the last vaccination dose and the onset of symptoms was 3.4 years. In the group of infants aged less than 4 months, 52.2% of mothers had been vaccinated during pregnancy. Five deaths occurred among those infants aged less than 3 months whose mothers had not been vaccinated.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Despite the increase in pertussis in older children and adolescents during the 2023-2024 epidemic wave, a remarkable decrease was observed in infants aged less than 6 months. It is necessary to consolidate the vaccination program during pregnancy, ensure timely vaccination and evaluate the age at which the booster is given in adolescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 6","pages":"Article 504246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148192078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exoftalmos en lactante: presentación atípica de hemangioma","authors":"María Gratacós de Aguilera,&nbsp;Nathalia Joaqui Lopez,&nbsp;Vanesa Laveglia,&nbsp;Neus París Miró","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infección por Helicobacter pylori y reflujo duodenogástrico","authors":"Gonzalo Botija,&nbsp;Aránzazu Recio Linares","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luz solar a través de los acristalamientos del domicilio y prevención de la ictericia neonatal","authors":"Jose Miguel Sequí-Canet ,&nbsp;Jesús Alba-Fernandez ,&nbsp;Romina del Rey-Tormos ,&nbsp;Carlos Miguel Angelats-Romero ,&nbsp;Jose Miguel Sequí-Sabater","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite current guideline recommendations, the empiric recommendation to place jaundiced infants “in the sun, by the window” is commonly issued to parents to prevent or treat jaundice.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Spectral irradiance (350-1150<!--> <!-->nm) was measured with a spectroradiometer on sunny and cloudy days. Seven residential glazing configurations commonly used in dwellings were then interposed between the sun and the sensor. For each glass type, we obtained measurements without glass and with glass (5 and 30<!--> <!-->cm from the sensor) and calculated the relative spectral transmission. We analyzed the irradiance in the blue band (≈<!--> <!-->460-490<!--> <!-->nm) and compared it with neonatal phototherapy thresholds (30-65<!--> <!-->μW/cm²/nm).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Direct solar irradiance reached a maximum of 2.8<!--> <!-->W/m²/nm at 582<!--> <!-->nm and mean values around 2.3<!--> <!-->W/m²/nm in the 460 to 490<!--> <!-->nm band on clear days, which were several times higher than intensive phototherapy thresholds. Even on cloudy days, blue irradiance remained clearly above these thresholds. Visible light transmission through glazing elements was high. Transmission did not exhibit relevant attenuation below 400<!--> <!-->nm and increased again in the near-infrared region (&gt;<!--> <!-->750<!--> <!-->nm).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Typical residential glazing elements transmit very high levels of solar irradiance, with a broad spectrum that includes UVA and infrared radiation, and blue irradiance several times higher than used in phototherapy, but without spectral selectivity or dose control. Exposing healthy newborns to sunlight through home windows cannot be considered an appropriate or safe intervention to prevent jaundice in developed countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ictus de retina secundario a disección de la arteria carótida","authors":"Maria Calatayud-Riera,&nbsp;Pablo Díaz-Aljaro,&nbsp;Nevena Romanic-Bubalo,&nbsp;Susana Ruiz-Bilbao","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504169","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147756836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El ácido láctico en sangre de cordón es un factor asociado a taquipnea transitoria en neonatos a término y pretérminos tardíos","authors":"Elena Granda ,&nbsp;Silvia Martín-Ramos ,&nbsp;Elba Redondo ,&nbsp;Pilar Andrés ,&nbsp;Sonia Caserío","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is the main reason of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit. The aim of the study was to analyse the association of umbilical cord (UC) lactate with TTN.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Retrospective observational study in a level III NICU including infants born alive at or after 34 weeks. We fitted a multivariate logistic regression model for TTN diagnosis, adjusted for confounders, and assessed its diagnostic performance by means of the area under the curve (AUC) and the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values at the best cut-off point.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2120 neonates (50.7% male) with a median age of 39.5 weeks (IQR, 38.6-40.5) were included between August 2022 and December 2023, of whom 101 (4.8%) were preterm. In the total sample, 120 infants (5.7%) developed TTN. We found that UC lactate was independently associated with TTN (adjusted OR, 1.365; 95% CI, 1.246-1.495), with an AUC of 0.61 (95% CI, 0.56-0.67). The best cut-off point was 5.9 mmol/l, with a sensitivity of 34.5% (95% CI, 26.0-43.0), a specificity of 84.9% (95% CI, 83.3-86.5), a negative predictive value of 95.6% (95% CI, 94.7-96.5), and a positive predictive value of 12.0% (95% CI, 8.6-15.4).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Umbilical cord blood lactate was independently associated with TTN in near-term and term neonates Although its diagnostic performance makes its use in isolation inapropriate for decision-making, it can be considered as an additional biomarker in the global evaluation of newborn infants in the delivery room.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecografía en fracturas digitales: cuando los números también necesitan interpretación","authors":"Pedro Carballo Martin ,&nbsp;Pablo del Villar Guerra ,&nbsp;Alberto Medina Villanueva ,&nbsp;Vicent Modesto i Alapont","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504173","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alta prevalencia de mecanismos de resistencia antimicrobiana en un hospital rural etíope","authors":"María Teresa Alvaredo-Carrillo ,&nbsp;Elena Hidalgo Cardeñoso ,&nbsp;Icíar Ochoa-Chamorro ,&nbsp;Mieraf Fita ,&nbsp;Habte Hussein-Elemo ,&nbsp;Gebriel Tisyamo ,&nbsp;Ramón Pérez-Tanoira","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes in 40 pediatric inpatients managed in a rural hospital in Ethiopia (May-June 2024).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>We conducted a prospective study in 40 pediatric inpatients managed at Gambo Rural General Hospital, Oromia, Ethiopia (May-June 2024). Stool samples were collected to assess for intestinal carriage and screened using the Allplex™ Entero-DR multiplex PCR assay for genes associated with carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE), extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacterales, and vancomycin-resistant <em>Enterococcus</em> (VRE). We collected data on demographic and clinical characteristics and antibiotic exposure. The statistical analysis included the Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> and Fisher's exact tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fecal carriage of AMR genes was detected in 82.5% of patients. The most prevalent resistance mechanism was CTX-M (80.0%), followed by NDM (37.5%), vanA (32.5%), and VIM (10.0%). Testing did not detect KPC, OXA-48, IMP, or vanB genes. Malnutrition was present in 65% of the patients. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical outcomes (length of stay, severity) between patients with and without AMR genes (<em>P</em> <!-->&gt; .05 in all comparisons; limited by the sample size of n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->40). Severe chronic malnutrition was less frequent among carbapenemase carriers (12.5% vs 62.5%; <em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.033). This exploratory finding should be interpreted with extreme caution due to multiple testing, low statistical power (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->40), and potential sources of bias including altered gut microbiota, reduced health care exposure among severely malnourished children, or chance. These observations only describe colonization patterns and cannot be used to infer causality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We found a high prevalence of fecal carriage of AMR genes in stool samples from pediatric inpatients in this hospital in rural Ethiopia, underscoring the need for enhanced surveillance, stewardship, and infection control measures in resource-limited settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Avances en genética clínica: de la investigación a la práctica pediátrica","authors":"Fernando Santos-Simarro","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pericondritis auricular: una trampa diagnóstica","authors":"Mariana Bravo ,&nbsp;Diogo Valente Dias ,&nbsp;Isa Elói ,&nbsp;Maria Manuel Flores","doi":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anpedi.2026.504174","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7783,"journal":{"name":"Anales de pediatria","volume":"104 5","pages":"Article 504174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147757021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}