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Polish journal of occupational medicine最新文献

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A clinical study of trinitrotoluene cataract. 三硝基甲苯白内障的临床研究。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
A S Zhou
{"title":"A clinical study of trinitrotoluene cataract.","authors":"A S Zhou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The results of ophthalmic examination of 413 workers exposed to TNT were analysed. Cataracts were detected in 143 cases (34.6%), reaching 88.4% in those exposed in excess of 20 years. Both prevalence and degree of lenticular damage increased with increasing exposure. The shortest latent period of cataract development was three years and the youngest subject was only 22 years old. The characteristics of TNT lens impairment are: (1) gray-yellow dot opacities, with circular and cuneiform in the peripheral part of the lens detectable with transillumination and slit-lamp; (2) circular, discal or petaline opacities in the central part of the lens; (3) a transparent zone between the circular shadow and the lens equator. While circular opacities were observed in early cases, cuneiform opacities occurred in later cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genotoxic effects observed in workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents. 职业性接触有机溶剂工人的基因毒性效应观察。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Sasiadek, J Jagielski
{"title":"Genotoxic effects observed in workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents.","authors":"M Sasiadek,&nbsp;J Jagielski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this work is to analyse chromosome aberrations and cell cycle kinetics in workers occupationally exposed to organic solvents, which contain benzene among other agents. In the exposed group structural chromosome aberrations were found in 2%, while in the control group in 0.9% of analysed metaphases. Detailed band localization of breakpoints in chromosomes of patients in both groups is presented. No significant differences in cell cycle kinetics in individual members of exposed and control groups were found.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13286952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Discrimination of slight changes in tone frequency applied in audiological diagnosis of noise-induced hearing impairment. 辨别音调频率细微变化在噪声性听力障碍听力学诊断中的应用。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Gryczyński, W Sułkowski
{"title":"Discrimination of slight changes in tone frequency applied in audiological diagnosis of noise-induced hearing impairment.","authors":"M Gryczyński,&nbsp;W Sułkowski","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Investigations were carried out to examine the ability to differentiate low-grade changes in tone frequency in 58 subjects (116 ears) with noise-induced hearing impairment. The results were compared with those obtained in an age-matched group of healthy controls with normal hearing acuity. Statistically, the slight discrimination of frequency changes was found to be significantly worse in the group with noise-induced hearing impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Current problems in the evaluation of chemical safety. 当前化学品安全评价中存在的问题。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
D V Parke, C Ioannides, D F Lewis, M J Obrebska-Parke
{"title":"Current problems in the evaluation of chemical safety.","authors":"D V Parke,&nbsp;C Ioannides,&nbsp;D F Lewis,&nbsp;M J Obrebska-Parke","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current problems in the safety evaluation of chemicals, including species differences in chemical toxicity, the difficulty in predicting whether metabolism will result in detoxication or activation, the different metabolic roles of tissue cytochromes P-450, and the significance of oxygen radical formation, are reviewed. A number of specific chemical problems are discussed, including the safety evaluation of benzene, methylene dichloride, DDT, dieldrin, TCDD, the PCBs, and the hepatotoxic drugs: benoxaprofen and tienilic acid. Two novel methods for the prospective evaluation of chemical toxicity are described, namely (i) computer optimized parametric analysis for chemical toxicity (COMPACT) based on the computer graphic determination of chemical structure and its relationship to specific cytochromes P-450 and hence toxicity, and (ii) enzyme activation in chemical toxicity (ENACT) based on the induction of specific cytochromes P-450 by the chemical, from which toxicity can be predicted.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effect of subchronic exposure to the rubber vulcanization fumes on guinea pig lungs. 亚慢性接触橡胶硫化烟雾对豚鼠肺的影响。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
K Rydzyński, A Domańska, S Czerczak, B Krysiak
{"title":"The effect of subchronic exposure to the rubber vulcanization fumes on guinea pig lungs.","authors":"K Rydzyński,&nbsp;A Domańska,&nbsp;S Czerczak,&nbsp;B Krysiak","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The influence of 28 days' inhalatory exposure to rubber vulcanization fumes at a concentration of 100 mg/m3 on guinea pigs' lung morphology was investigated. Focal infiltrations of pulmonary parenchyma with lymphocytes, neutrophilic and eosinophilic granulocytes and macrophages were observed. Lymphatic tissue concentrations having the typical appearance of solitary lymphatic nodules were also seen. The use of the double sequential Alcian blue/safranin O staining method for the identification of the mast cells [MCs] revealed that only Alcian-blue-positive MCs were observed, regardless of the region of the lungs examined, both in control and exposed guinea pigs. No safranin-0-positive MCs were seen. However, the MCs number increased from 1934 +/- 91 cells/mm3 tissue in controls to a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) 2486 +/- 89 cells/mm3 tissue in exposed guinea pig lungs. It was accompanied by histamine content increase from 1.50 +/- 0.06 micrograms/g wet tissue weight and 2.45 +/- 0.18 micrograms/g wet tissue weight, respectively. The distribution of the lung MCs varied, showing a statistically significant (p less than 0.05) increase in their number in the intraalveolar septa: from 957 +/- 53 to 1369 +/- 74 cells/mm3 tissue and in the peribronchial and peribronchiolar spaces: from 204 +/- 36 to 359 +/- 42 cells/mm3 tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13287562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neuropsychological methods in the health surveillance of workers exposed to neurotoxic agents. 神经心理学方法在接触神经毒物工人健康监测中的应用。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
H Hanninen
{"title":"Neuropsychological methods in the health surveillance of workers exposed to neurotoxic agents.","authors":"H Hanninen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A neuropsychological screening system was developed for the following purposes: 1) evaluation of neurotoxic effects in groups working in potentially hazardous exposure conditions, 2) identification of affected workers in their periodical health examinations, and 3) assessment and follow-up of workers with health disturbances indicative of neurotoxic effects. The system includes a short neuropsychological test battery and a screen for subjective dysfunctions. The methods were tested out on a sample of workers (n = 181) representing various branches of the solvent-using industry. The material was divided into three subgroups with different levels of exposure, the \"low exposure\" group being used as a reference group. The neuropsychological screen and the screen for subjective dysfunctions both displayed a satisfactory specificity and sensitivity for this material, but screened, for the most part, different people. This discrepancy seems to support the present view of neuropsychological deficits and subjective changes as two different and partly independent reactions to solvent exposure: the behavioral tests and symptom inquiries are complementary, not alternative methods of screening. In addition, the results concerning subjective dysfunctions, but not the psychological test results, were found to be partly confused by the effects of work stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13288832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of maternal exposure to trioxane on postnatal development in rats. 母体接触三氧环对大鼠出生后发育的影响。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
K Sitarek, B Barański
{"title":"Effects of maternal exposure to trioxane on postnatal development in rats.","authors":"K Sitarek,&nbsp;B Barański","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Female rats were given by gavage every other day from days 2 to 20 of gestation an aqueous solution of trioxane at daily doses equal to 0.025; 0.075 and 0.15 LD50 (0.19: 0.58 and 1.16 g/kg). Maternal exposure to trioxane at the highest dose resulted in death of most neonates a few days after birth. Viability and postnatal growth of the offspring of dams that were given 0.19 and 0.58 g/kg were not affected. Transitional depression of exploratory locomotor activity in female offspring and a decrease of active avoidance acquisition were observed in adult male and female offspring from the 0.58 g/kg group, whereas a dose of 0.19 g trioxane /kg did not affect the behavioral performance of progeny.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13291707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The effects of impulse noise on hearing. 脉冲噪声对听力的影响。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
K Pawlas, J Grzesik, R Witula
{"title":"The effects of impulse noise on hearing.","authors":"K Pawlas,&nbsp;J Grzesik,&nbsp;R Witula","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impulse noise is a peculiar type of noise that retains its separate status, both as a physical phenomenon and as an adverse influence exerted upon human recipients. The ongoing research and numerous experiments with animals and industrial populations have not yet fully explained its nature. There are no clear-cut standards of measurement procedures, an impulse evaluation, and no admissible intensity levels. A comprehensive review of both Polish and foreign literature on this subject shows that the following features have the most traumatizing effect on the hearing organs: peak value, impulse duration rate, spectrum composition, repetition frequency, equivalent energy level, and a total number of impulses.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The study of exposure to cadmium in the general population. I. Autopsy studies. 对普通人群接触镉的研究。1 .尸检研究。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
M Cikrt, P Lepsi, L Kasparova, R Nĕmecĕk, K Blaha, J Nerudova, D Bittnerova, M Tichy
{"title":"The study of exposure to cadmium in the general population. I. Autopsy studies.","authors":"M Cikrt,&nbsp;P Lepsi,&nbsp;L Kasparova,&nbsp;R Nĕmecĕk,&nbsp;K Blaha,&nbsp;J Nerudova,&nbsp;D Bittnerova,&nbsp;M Tichy","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>From 1982 to 1986 samples of materials (liver tissue, kidney cortex) were collected from 438 autopsies in Prague. The age of persons was over 50 years and residence time in the area was at least 10 years Concentrations of Cd and Zn were determined in the kidney cortex and the liver tissue using the AAS method. On the basis of the Questionnaire for Relatives, data on smoking habits, and occupational history of the investigated persons were obtained. The results of the study confirmed that the concentration of Cd in analyzed tissues did not exceed values reported in the literature for people of similar age living in Cd uncontaminated areas. In smokers significant increase of Cd in the kidney cortex was found in all age and sex groups. The body burden of Cd in smokers is significantly higher.</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Statistical analysis of the genotoxicity study results. 遗传毒性研究结果的统计分析。
Polish journal of occupational medicine Pub Date : 1990-01-01
W Szymczak, B Przybojewska
{"title":"Statistical analysis of the genotoxicity study results.","authors":"W Szymczak,&nbsp;B Przybojewska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One of the methods used in the genotoxicity study of chemical compounds is micronucleus test in vivo. There is no clear consensus as to which statistical method is most suitable to study the frequency of occurrence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes. This paper proposes two statistical tests: approximate normal test and conditional binomial test (Kastenbaum & Bowman).</p>","PeriodicalId":77768,"journal":{"name":"Polish journal of occupational medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13285675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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