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Diagnostic and clinical immunology最新文献

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Detection of relevant farmer's lung antigens by using immunoblots of two-dimensional electrophoresis. 二维电泳免疫印迹法检测农民肺相关抗原。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
V P Kurup
{"title":"Detection of relevant farmer's lung antigens by using immunoblots of two-dimensional electrophoresis.","authors":"V P Kurup","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crude antigenic extract from Faenia rectivirgula (Micropolyspora faeni), the most commonly implicated organism in farmer's lung disease, was subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis. The antigenic components resolved by this method were electrophoretically transferred to nitrocellulose sheets. These bound antigens were allowed to react with sera from farmer's lung patients and individuals exposed to farming environments. The antigen-antibody reaction was visualized by a sandwich method employing a biotin-avidin system and peroxidase staining. Patients' sera demonstrated eight to 29 spots on the nitrocellulose sheets while exposed individuals showed fewer spots (zero to 11 reactive spots). Although immunoblot results showed considerable variation between patients, this method also provided additional immunochemical information about the various antigenic components reacting with the specific antibodies. Two major antigenic clusters were found to react with all the patient sera, while asymptomatic exposed individuals showed only occasional reactivity with these antigenic components. Demonstration of these antigenic components might be of value in determining the quality of the antigen preparations for reliable immunological evaluation of patients. In addition, such immunochemical information might be utilized in the selective purification of reliable antigens and in their standardization.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":"25-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14716723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subset phenotypes comparing normal children and adults. 流式细胞术分析淋巴细胞亚群表型比较正常儿童和成人。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
G F Babcock, A F Taylor, B A Hynd, R M Sramkoski, J W Alexander
{"title":"Flow cytometric analysis of lymphocyte subset phenotypes comparing normal children and adults.","authors":"G F Babcock,&nbsp;A F Taylor,&nbsp;B A Hynd,&nbsp;R M Sramkoski,&nbsp;J W Alexander","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The use of monoclonal antibodies and flow cytometry to characterize lymphocyte subsets has become an essential part of immunological research. In this study, we determined the normal ranges and absolute numbers of cells for several lymphocyte subsets in the peripheral blood of children and adolescents (ages 4-16 years). These were compared to the same subsets found in adults. Several differences were observed among the T and NK cell subsets. The total number of T cells, especially the CD4+ subset, were higher in children while two CD8+ subpopulations (CD8+CD11+ and CD8+Leu 7+) were found to be lower. Children had approximately half the absolute numbers of natural killer (NK) cells (CD16+), including a lower percentage of the CD16+CD8+ and CD16+Leu 7+ subsets. Monocytes and B-cell values were not significantly different between the two groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 4","pages":"175-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14552476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of kappa and lambda chain quantitation for the detection of immunoglobulin abnormalities in serum. 利用kappa和lambda链定量检测血清中免疫球蛋白异常。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
D E Normansell
{"title":"Use of kappa and lambda chain quantitation for the detection of immunoglobulin abnormalities in serum.","authors":"D E Normansell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Quantitation of kappa and lambda light chains was investigated as an alternative to immunoelectrophoresis or immunofixation in the analysis of sera for abnormal immunoglobulins. Normal values for the ratios of total immunoglobulins to total light chains, and for total kappa chains to total lambda chains, were established in 104 control sera and were 1.070 +/- 0.074 and 1.770 +/- 0.337, respectively. Protein electrophoresis plus quantitation of immunoglobulin heavy and light chains provided sufficient data for the analysis of 79% of apparent normal sera, 76% of apparent abnormal sera which did not have monoclonal components, 73% of abnormal sera which contained monoclonal components, and 53% of pediatric sera. However, this protocol failed to detect monoclonal components known to be present in two sera. These data indicate that this analytic approach cannot replace the subjective analysis of sera by immunoelectrophoresis or immunofixation.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 2","pages":"100-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14244689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Functional properties of Salmonella minnesota Rb-bound and Rb-unbound cell fractions in elderly donors. 明尼苏达州沙门氏菌rb结合细胞和非rb结合细胞在老年供体中的功能特性。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
S Antonaci, M Gallitelli, A R Garofalo, E Jirillo
{"title":"Functional properties of Salmonella minnesota Rb-bound and Rb-unbound cell fractions in elderly donors.","authors":"S Antonaci,&nbsp;M Gallitelli,&nbsp;A R Garofalo,&nbsp;E Jirillo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The capacity of Salmonella minnesota R345 (Rb) binding to human peripheral blood lymphocytes allows the recovery of Rb-bound and Rb-unbound cell populations that elicit different functions. Here, we have applied this method to lymphocytes from aged individuals to evaluate the possibility that such an approach could reverse the senescence-related impaired immune responsiveness. In this regard we show that Rb binding augments either spontaneous or T-dependent plaque-forming cell generation in Rb-unbound fraction. By contrast, Rb-bound cells are enriched for lymphocytes releasing several lymphokines. This experimental approach seems to represent a useful tool to elucidate better the age-related alterations of the immune function.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 1","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14424842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Immunoregulation in aging. 衰老中的免疫调节。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
S Antonaci, E Jirillo, L Bonomo
{"title":"Immunoregulation in aging.","authors":"S Antonaci,&nbsp;E Jirillo,&nbsp;L Bonomo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Senescence of the immune system leads to a decline of functional capacities of lymphoid cells. In this regard, evidence has been provided for a reduction of T and B cell-mediated responses. T-B regulation is also affected by the aging process. Since the proportion of lymphocytes is similar to that observed in young donors, either intracellular or extracellular factors may play an important role in the impaired immunoresponsiveness. An intrinsic defect of T or B cells has been in fact postulated. However, soluble suppressive factors or decreased LK production seem to represent the key events involved in the decline of the immune response. Nevertheless, over the past few years emphasis has been given to the increased lymphocyte membrane microviscosity in the elderly [Rivnay et al: Mech Ageing Dev 10: 71-79, 1979]. All together, these findings suggest a multifactorial therapeutic approach for the correction of the impaired immune response in aged individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 2","pages":"55-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14431756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Microcytotoxicity assay for platelet antibodies using fresh and frozen fluorescein-labeled target platelets. 使用新鲜和冷冻荧光素标记的靶血小板进行血小板抗体的微细胞毒性试验。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
S L Graddick, J Lazarchick, S A Hall
{"title":"Microcytotoxicity assay for platelet antibodies using fresh and frozen fluorescein-labeled target platelets.","authors":"S L Graddick,&nbsp;J Lazarchick,&nbsp;S A Hall","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe our results with a microtoxicity assay that uses fluorescein-labeled platelets for the detection of auto-, iso-, and allo-immune platelet antibodies. The system has a number of advantages in that it is not only rapid but can accommodate multiple test specimens, requires minimal reagents, and can utilize both fresh or frozen donor platelets as the target cells. The latter attribute may allow for the development of a platelet blood banking system with more efficient platelet cross-matching capabilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 2","pages":"82-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14431757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interleukin 2 (IL 2) relationships with the cancer-related immunodeficiency: in vitro response to exogenous IL 2 by PHA-activated and non PHA-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cancer patients. 白细胞介素2 (IL 2)与癌症相关免疫缺陷的关系:来自癌症患者的pha激活和非pha激活的外周血单个核细胞对外源性IL 2的体外反应
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
G Mantovani, A Coiana, A Massidda, E Proto, C Floris, A Macciò, G Pusceddu, G S Del Giacco
{"title":"Interleukin 2 (IL 2) relationships with the cancer-related immunodeficiency: in vitro response to exogenous IL 2 by PHA-activated and non PHA-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from cancer patients.","authors":"G Mantovani,&nbsp;A Coiana,&nbsp;A Massidda,&nbsp;E Proto,&nbsp;C Floris,&nbsp;A Macciò,&nbsp;G Pusceddu,&nbsp;G S Del Giacco","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aims of the investigation were: 1) to determine if there are defects in interleukin 2 (IL 2) regulation either on phytohemagluttinin (PHA)-activated or non PHA-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in cancer patients, in order to ascertain the role of IL 2 in this disease, and 2) to carry out preliminary experiments for a direct quantitative evaluation of endogenous IL 2 production by PBMC cultures of cancer patients. An assessment of lymphocytes subsets was also performed with monoclonal antibodies in a selected group of patients. A total of 159 patients entered the study. Cancer sites were: larynx, 49; breast, 42; lung (NSC), 25; colorectal, 18; and gynecologic, 25. In the former 3 cancer sites, staging showed localized or only locally advanced disease and in the later 2 sites it showed disseminated disease. Our results provided evidence that the cancer patients exhibit a T cell functional immunodepression, which progresses during tumor growth, so that the localized disease shows a low-grade defect and advanced disease shows a high-grade defect. Our data also clearly suggested that the factor involved with a primary role in this functional immune impairment is the IL 2 deficiency. In our study we have not found a substantial difference of activity between recombinant and nonrecombinant IL 2, although the comparison of the relative activities of the two types of IL 2 is not easy to make, since they are expressed in different ways; however the recombinant one appeared to be slightly more active, probably for the higher purity. Our data also seem to support the perspective of the in vivo therapeutic administration of IL 2 in cancer patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 2","pages":"104-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14621216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of whole blood methods in assessment of immune parameters in immunodeficiency states. 使用全血方法评估免疫缺陷状态的免疫参数。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
M A Fletcher, G C Baron, M R Ashman, M A Fischl, N G Klimas
{"title":"Use of whole blood methods in assessment of immune parameters in immunodeficiency states.","authors":"M A Fletcher,&nbsp;G C Baron,&nbsp;M R Ashman,&nbsp;M A Fischl,&nbsp;N G Klimas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole blood (WB) methods requiring less than 4 ml heparinized peripheral blood were used to define mononuclear cell phenotype, lymphocyte proliferation, and natural cell-mediated cytotoxicity (CYT) in samples from normal controls and patients with immunodeficiency states of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and AIDS-related complexes (ARC). Results from two-color direct immunofluorescence staining of blood samples with monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) conjugated to phycoerythrin (PE) or to fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and flow cytometry for the determination of mononuclear cells reactive with T11, T4, T8, B1, and NKH.1 surface markers were compared to one-color indirect immunofluorescence analysis with unlabeled Mabs and FITC-labeled goat anti-mouse IgG and flow cytometry. We found that two-color analysis was as sensitive as one-color analysis in detecting abnormal subset distribution in the patient groups. Functional properties of mononuclear cells (MNC) in WB samples and after density gradient separation were studied by mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation and CYT. Although the means of the groups studied varied depending on method used, results using WB methods clearly delineated the expected differences between the immunodepressed patients and normal subjects. The effects of sample storage on results obtained with WB methods for surface marker analysis, lymphocyte proliferation, and natural killer activity were also examined.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 2","pages":"69-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14244690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A simultaneous flow cytometric measurement of neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst in whole blood. 流式细胞术同时测定全血中性粒细胞吞噬和氧化破裂。
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
L S Trinkle, S R Wellhausen, K R McLeish
{"title":"A simultaneous flow cytometric measurement of neutrophil phagocytosis and oxidative burst in whole blood.","authors":"L S Trinkle,&nbsp;S R Wellhausen,&nbsp;K R McLeish","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To quantitate phagocytosis and respiratory burst by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), 1-ml aliquots of human whole blood were incubated with 50 microM dichlorofluorescin diacetate for 10 min at 37 degrees C prior to the addition of Texas Red-labelled Staphylococcus aureus (SA). At 5-min intervals PMNs were analyzed by flow cytometry for ingested SA and resultant production of hydrogen peroxide, an oxidative burst metabolite. PMNs from infected patients or normals that had been primed for 1 hr with bacterial endotoxin displayed enhanced phagocytosis and oxidative burst activity compared to controls. PMNs from a patient with chronic granulomatous disease were less reactive than those of normals. The whole blood analysis is a simple, rapid, and inexpensive technique for the clinical evaluation of PMN function in a physiologic milieu.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 2","pages":"62-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14743484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comparison of various cell types as substrates for the detection of antiactin antibodies in chronic liver disease. 慢性肝病中抗肌动蛋白抗体检测底物的不同细胞类型的比较
Diagnostic and clinical immunology Pub Date : 1987-01-01
D Zauli, C Crespi, F Miserocchi, M Musiani, F B Bianchi, E Pisi
{"title":"Comparison of various cell types as substrates for the detection of antiactin antibodies in chronic liver disease.","authors":"D Zauli,&nbsp;C Crespi,&nbsp;F Miserocchi,&nbsp;M Musiani,&nbsp;F B Bianchi,&nbsp;E Pisi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human cultured fibroblasts and Raji and peripheral blood mononuclear cells have been compared as substrates for the immunofluorescent detection of antiactin microfilament antibodies in sera from chronic liver disease. Raji and mononuclear cells, which exhibit a rich microfilament network, proved to be the most sensitive substrates for this purpose. The clinical relevance of these findings in the diagnosis of \"autoimmune\" chronic liver disease is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77705,"journal":{"name":"Diagnostic and clinical immunology","volume":"5 4","pages":"184-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14552478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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