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Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences最新文献

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Comparison between methylphenidate and placebo as adjuvant in care and rehabilitation of geriatric patients. 哌甲酯与安慰剂在老年患者护理和康复中的辅助作用比较。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-06-01
M Larsson, M Ervik, P Lundborg, V Sundh, A Svanborg
{"title":"Comparison between methylphenidate and placebo as adjuvant in care and rehabilitation of geriatric patients.","authors":"M Larsson,&nbsp;M Ervik,&nbsp;P Lundborg,&nbsp;V Sundh,&nbsp;A Svanborg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to establish to what extent a short-term treatment with methylphenidate would have such practical clinical effects that possibilities for medical rehabilitation would be improved. Other purposes of the investigation were to certify therapeutically acceptable plasma concentrations in the elderly, and to study possible mental and physical effects of the suddenly improved and greatly extended daily attention given to the patient during the course of the study. 24 fatigued, elderly patients (70-93 years) were treated with methylphenidate/placebo for 9 days. The study was carried out as a double-blind test. Although a significant effect on heart rate and blood pressure was recorded when the full dose (20 mg) had been reached, no difference in mental or physical performance was observed between the two groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 2","pages":"53-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14357571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age retirement in women. II. Dietary habits and body composition. 女性退休年龄。2饮食习惯和身体成分。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-06-01
B Steen, K Nilsson, E Robertsson, H Ostberg
{"title":"Age retirement in women. II. Dietary habits and body composition.","authors":"B Steen,&nbsp;K Nilsson,&nbsp;E Robertsson,&nbsp;H Ostberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within the framework of a longitudinal study of municipally employed women in Malmö, Sweden, before and after retirement, comprising health, social, psychological, nutritional and odontological aspects, the dietary habits and body composition were evaluated. 116 women aged 62, 63 and 64 were included. A detailed dietary interview was performed by a nutritionist, anthropometric measurements were made, and body compartments were calculated after retirement with a new electrical impedance method. Average dietary intakes were relatively high, but variation was marked. Intake of energy and almost all nutrients showed a clear decreasing tendency from before to after retirement, despite an increase in body weight and waist measurement, indicating decreasing physical activity after retirement in these women. There was also an increasing consumption of pastry, potato chips and similar food items. One third of the women was below the recommended dietary allowances (RDA) regarding calcium and almost all women below the RDA regarding vitamin D. There are reasons to believe that the event of retirement in women might imply some dietary hazards.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 2","pages":"78-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14357427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Screening for thyroid disease in the elderly. Serum concentrations of thyrotropin and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in a representative population of 79-year-old women and men. 老年人甲状腺疾病的筛查。血清促甲状腺素和3,5,3'-三碘甲状腺原氨酸在79岁男性和女性的代表性人群中的浓度。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
S Edén, G Sundbeck, G Lindstedt, P A Lundberg, R Jagenburg, S Landahl, A Svanborg
{"title":"Screening for thyroid disease in the elderly. Serum concentrations of thyrotropin and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in a representative population of 79-year-old women and men.","authors":"S Edén,&nbsp;G Sundbeck,&nbsp;G Lindstedt,&nbsp;P A Lundberg,&nbsp;R Jagenburg,&nbsp;S Landahl,&nbsp;A Svanborg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thyroid function in individuals from a representative population of 79-year-olds was evaluated clinically and from measurements of serum thyrotropin (TSH) and 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3). High TSH concentrations (greater than or equal to 10 mU/l) were found in 16 of 320 women (5%) and 2 of 204 men (1%). Signs and symptoms which traditionally are regarded as related to hypothyroidism were as common in subjects with high TSH concentration as in the remaining population and occurred in 10-50% of the subjects. In the 16 women with high TSH, free thyroxine (free T4) concentrations were low in 10, whereas only one subject had low thyroxine (T4) and T3 concentrations, indicating that free T4 is a more sensitive parameter for thyroid hypofunction in the elderly. Based on the T3 assay, there was no evidence for hyperthyroidism in this population. The results indicate that high TSH concentrations are common in elderly women, less common in men. The results show that classical symptoms of thyroid dysfunction are quite common in 79-year-olds, but do not correlate with biochemical indicators of thyroid dysfunction, indicating that defining \"clinically euthyroid\" in an elderly may be almost impossible.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"40-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14326706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary habits in the eighth decade of life. 人生第八个十年的饮食习惯。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
G Nordström, B K Lundgren, B Nilsson, B Steen, P O Osterlind
{"title":"Dietary habits in the eighth decade of life.","authors":"G Nordström,&nbsp;B K Lundgren,&nbsp;B Nilsson,&nbsp;B Steen,&nbsp;P O Osterlind","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Of a representative sample of 231 subjects (mean age 74.6 years) 89 women and 94 men were interviewed. The dietary history method was used and the calculated intake compared with Swedish recommendations (RDA-S). Mean intakes of energy and nutrients, except for vitamin D among women, were above the RDA-S. Intake of fat was above the RDA-S, and the proportion of energy intake from fat increased with age. Those who had three cooked meals per day had a higher nutrient density than those who ate one or two such meals. Although the RDA-S were the same for men and women, women had lower mean intakes and a higher proportion of subjects below the RDA-S for calcium, iron and vitamins C and D. More women had intakes of calcium and vitamin D simultaneously below the RDA-S. In most aspects the mean dietary intake was satisfactory according to current standards, but the RDA-S for calcium seems low. Fat intake was too extensive for both sexes and many women stood in risk of undernutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"29-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14326705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of age and life-long endurance training on the passive mechanical properties of rat skeletal muscle. 年龄和终身耐力训练对大鼠骨骼肌被动力学性能的影响。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
V Kovanen, H Suominen
{"title":"Effects of age and life-long endurance training on the passive mechanical properties of rat skeletal muscle.","authors":"V Kovanen,&nbsp;H Suominen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of age and life-long endurance training on the mechanical properties of both slow twitch (m. soleus) and fast twitch (m. rectus femoris) skeletal muscles in rats were investigated in a longitudinal study. Wistar-rats performed treadmill-running 5 days a week for 2 years. The ultimate measures of stress-strain together with the load-deformation measurements in the more physiological area of muscle function were performed. The ultimate strength and stiffness increased significantly with age, most prominently during the growth period, and significantly by training in the soleus muscle only. The results on the elastic efficiency and load-relaxation showed that the viscous and plastic properties decreased with age in both muscles. Training seemed to decrease these properties in m. soleus, whereas in m. rectus femoris the effect was reversed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"18-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14326703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
No apparent age differences in hippocampal theta frequency in rabbits aged 3-50 months. 3-50月龄家兔海马θ波频率无明显年龄差异。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
D S Woodruff-Pak, C G Logan
{"title":"No apparent age differences in hippocampal theta frequency in rabbits aged 3-50 months.","authors":"D S Woodruff-Pak,&nbsp;C G Logan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence has accumulated to suggest that the hippocampus is impaired by aging processes. Hippocampal EEG was examined in 3- to 50-month-old rabbits before they were classically conditioned in the trace paradigm. Hippocampal EEG was recorded from electrodes implanted proximal to the pyramidal layer of CA1. There were no age differences in hippocampal EEG frequency over the age range of 3-50 months. Animals were subsequently trained in a trace classical conditioning paradigm, and there were large age differences in acquisition and retention. Results suggest that rabbits as young as 2.5 years old show behavioral deficits in conditioning, but hippocampal EEG frequency was not correlated with the age differences in behavior.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"24-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14326704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Variation of HDL cholesterol values in old age from around the world. 世界各地老年人高密度脂蛋白胆固醇值的变化。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
T J Muckle
{"title":"Variation of HDL cholesterol values in old age from around the world.","authors":"T J Muckle","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reports of HDL cholesterol levels in the elderly from around the world show differences which could represent national or ethnic characteristics. However, statistical analysis reveals that such variations are hardly distinguishable from those generated by a group of independent laboratories in a single country. The differences in the international values may thus reflect only methodological variation, and thus be misleading if employed to relate HDLC levels to atherosclerotic complications in old age. Use of a common standard around the world could help resolve this uncertainty and provide a more reliable basis for study of the effects of race and culture upon HDLC in older people.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"7-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14190253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prognosis-determined rehabilitation of hip fractures. 髋部骨折的预后决定康复。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
M Thorngren, L T Nilsson, K G Thorngren
{"title":"Prognosis-determined rehabilitation of hip fractures.","authors":"M Thorngren,&nbsp;L T Nilsson,&nbsp;K G Thorngren","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hip fracture patients were selected for rehabilitation using a prognostic scheme created by multiple linear discriminant analysis. The outcome of positive or negative rehabilitation prognosis was depicted graphically against time. The majority of patients (77%) who had been admitted from their own homes had a good prognosis, and 84% of them returned home within 2 months. The optimum rehabilitation time for patients with a negative prognosis was reached 4 months post-fracture, by which time most of them had either returned to their own or to an old people's home. Although the majority (84%) from the latter had a negative prognosis, more than half (53%) were rehabilitated within 2 months. Prognosis-determined rehabilitation was found to be effective. Cost efficient management of the increasing number of fractures in the elderly demands short hospitalization and minimum institutional reconvalescence.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"12-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14327576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is determination of plasma lipids useful in the differentiation of multi-infarct dementia from Alzheimer's disease? 血浆脂质测定在多梗死性痴呆和阿尔茨海默病的鉴别中有用吗?
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1988-02-01
T Erkinjuntti, R Sulkava, R Tilvis
{"title":"Is determination of plasma lipids useful in the differentiation of multi-infarct dementia from Alzheimer's disease?","authors":"T Erkinjuntti,&nbsp;R Sulkava,&nbsp;R Tilvis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were studied in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD, n = 57, mean age 70 years) and multi-infarct dementia (MID, n = 69, mean age 73 years) when the patients were admitted for assessment. Both total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol but not triglycerides were lower in MID than in AD even though there was a considerable overlap. Especially in younger patients and in patients living at home the difference was not statistically significant. Further, the plasma lipid values in neuropathologically confirmed cases with AD (n = 5) and MID (n = 16) were similar at admission. Low total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were related to cardio- and cerebrovascular disorders, living in institutions, and negatively correlated to age and severity of dementia. Our results suggest that determination of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol is of minor value in the differential diagnosis between AD and MID and that associated diseases, such as coronary heart disease, cardiac failure and arterial hypertension, are more important in this respect.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14327575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Drug consumption in patients with hip fractures compared with controls. 髋部骨折患者与对照组的药物消耗比较。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-09-01
I Sernbo, A Hansson, O Johnell
{"title":"Drug consumption in patients with hip fractures compared with controls.","authors":"I Sernbo,&nbsp;A Hansson,&nbsp;O Johnell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>All drugs in a prospective series of 309 consecutive patients with cervical fractures and 300 with trochanteric fractures were recorded and compared with an age- and sex-matched randomly selected group from the city population files. A greater consumption of drugs was observed in the hip fracture group compared with the control group. Significant differences were observed for men regarding selective beta 2-adrenergic stimulants and xanthines, laxatives, phenothiazines and anti-psychotic drugs, as well as anti-glaucoma drugs. Women with hip fractures had a significantly greater consumption of diuretics, laxatives, insulin, phenothiazines and other antipsychotic drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 3","pages":"93-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14034478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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