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Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences最新文献

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Tobacco smoking--a major cause of sex differences in health. 吸烟——健康方面性别差异的主要原因。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-02-01
D Mellström, A Svanborg
{"title":"Tobacco smoking--a major cause of sex differences in health.","authors":"D Mellström,&nbsp;A Svanborg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Differences between men and women regarding morbidity have been investigated in relation to tobacco smoking, among 2,009 70-year-olds in the longitudinal gerontological study in Gothenburg, Sweden. Male smokers (44%) had started smoking earlier (age 18) than female (14%, age 30), consumed more tobacco and more often inhaled tobacco smoke. Peptic ulcer, chronic bronchitis and lung cancer were examples of diseases more common in males. ECG evidences of myocardial ischemia were more common in males, while anginal pain showed the same prevalence. Cholecystectomy and antihypertensive treatment were more common among females. When adjustments were made for duration of smoking, amount of tobacco consumed, significant sex differences were still observed for ECG evidence of myocardial ischemia (dominance in males), peptic ulcer (dominance in males), intermittent claudication (dominance in females) and treatment for hypertension (dominance in females). The majority of disorders predominant in males were found to be related to smoking, while those predominating among females showed the same sex difference when adjustments were made for smoking habits. Future increasing segments of females addicted to tobacco smoking will obviously markedly influence sex difference in morbidity.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"34-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14576868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age-correlated changes in the lupus erythematosus antigens Ro, La, Sm and RNP of the thymus gland. 胸腺红斑狼疮抗原Ro、La、Sm和RNP的年龄相关性变化。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-02-01
W E Müller, W Mayet, M Bachmann, K H Meyer, M Büschenfelde, K Pfeifer, B Diehl-Seifert, H C Schröder
{"title":"Age-correlated changes in the lupus erythematosus antigens Ro, La, Sm and RNP of the thymus gland.","authors":"W E Müller,&nbsp;W Mayet,&nbsp;M Bachmann,&nbsp;K H Meyer,&nbsp;M Büschenfelde,&nbsp;K Pfeifer,&nbsp;B Diehl-Seifert,&nbsp;H C Schröder","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concentrations of the Sm, RNP, La and Ro antigens of thymus glands from rats were determined depending on the developmental stage of the animals. It was found that lupus antigens strongly decrease after birth. Parallel with this change, the activities of the enzymes DNA polymerase alpha and terminal nucleotidyl transferase in the thymus glands drop during maturation and ageing. These biochemical analyses were supported by immunofluorescence studies using human thymus glands. Moreover, it is documented that a redistribution of Sm and Ro occurs during development. Focusing on Sm, fetal thymus glands contain this antigen predominantly in the cytoplasm, while in immature, mature or old animals Sm is found almost exclusively in the nucleus. From these data we conclude that the amounts of the lupus antigens are additional parameters for the age-correlated function of thymocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"40-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14458630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Age-related trend for osteopenia in femurs of female C57BL/6 mice. 雌性C57BL/6小鼠股骨骨质减少的年龄相关趋势。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-02-01
M Silbermann, A Weiss, A Z Reznick, Y Eilam, N Szydel, D Gershon
{"title":"Age-related trend for osteopenia in femurs of female C57BL/6 mice.","authors":"M Silbermann,&nbsp;A Weiss,&nbsp;A Z Reznick,&nbsp;Y Eilam,&nbsp;N Szydel,&nbsp;D Gershon","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Age-related changes in femoral cortical bone were quantified in female C57BL/6 mice. Variables included in this study were cortical thickness; number of osteocytes and periosteal preosteoblasts; bone DNA, protein, calcium, and phosphorus content; and uptake of 3H-thymidine, 3H-proline, and 45CaCl2. Also, the activity of bone alkaline and acid phosphatase was measured as well as the hydroxyproline content of the tissue. Femurs of old mice 28 months old, compared to those of young mice 7 months old, showed significant decreases in cortical thickness, number of bone cells, bone mineral content, and enzyme activity. The latter were accompanied by a marked reduction in ability to incorporate radiolabeled precursors of DNA and collagen synthesis as well as of the mineralization process. Hence, aging female C57BL/6 mice reveal structural and biochemical features indicative of developing osteopenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"45-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14576869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hospital nutrition in geriatric long-term care medicine. I. Effects of a changed meal environment. 医院营养在老年医学长期护理中的应用。1 .改变用餐环境的影响。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-02-01
S Elmståhl, V Blabolil, G Fex, R Küller, B Steen
{"title":"Hospital nutrition in geriatric long-term care medicine. I. Effects of a changed meal environment.","authors":"S Elmståhl,&nbsp;V Blabolil,&nbsp;G Fex,&nbsp;R Küller,&nbsp;B Steen","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sixteen patients, five males and 11 females, (mean age 80.4 years, range 65-88 years) were studied before, during and after a changed meal environment in a long-term care ward. The dining-room was redecorated in a way similar to what was common during the 1940s. The food was served by the staff on serving-dishes, and the patients could help themselves. A 1-day dietary record was made once a week during the whole study. During the pre-experimental period the average daily intake of energy was 5.8 MJ/1379 kcal and the intake of vitamin D only 2.8 micrograms. During the experimental period the intake of energy and protein increased by 25% (p less than 0.001). No significant changes in body weight occurred which might reflect an increased physical activity. Among the blood chemistry variables blood folate, serum creatinine and retinol showed a significant increase during the experimental period. The changes in retinol might reflect a substitution of a marginal vitamin A deficiency. During the postexperimental period the decrease of serum creatinine was correlated to a decreased protein intake. The intake of energy, protein, vitamin D and thiamine decreased during the last period.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"29-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14265102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The linkage of health status changes and disability. 健康状况变化与残疾之间的联系。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-02-01
K G Manton
{"title":"The linkage of health status changes and disability.","authors":"K G Manton","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Forecasting health and functional status changes in elderly populations is a difficult task because forecasting must describe the linkage of chronic morbidity, and its progression, with different levels and types of disability. In this paper we present a model which links morbidity and disability and, with the use of multiple survey and epidemiological data sources, provide estimates of the long-term reduction in chronic disability that would result from changing the prevalence of specific chronic diseases by the control of major risk factors. The results show that many of the diseases which are currently the principal target of primary prevention have more impact upon mortality, and overall life expectancy, than they do on the age at onset of chronic disability. Thus, in order to increase the average number of years that elderly persons can expect to live with less disability, or less severe forms of disability, new prevention strategies and techniques may have to be developed.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"16-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14102664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Animal models of brain ageing and dementia. 脑老化和痴呆的动物模型。
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-02-01
M Sarter
{"title":"Animal models of brain ageing and dementia.","authors":"M Sarter","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Six animal models of human brain ageing or of age-related diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease, are evaluated. Special emphasis is laid on comparing the neuropathological symptoms found in aged human brains or in Alzheimer patients, with the neuronal symptoms induced experimentally by the different treatments described here. For each model, the experimental methods for induction of the neuropathological symptoms (lipofuscin accumulation, senile plaques, neurofibrillary degeneration, etc.) and for their identification are discussed. In addition, the behavioral significance of each animal model is evaluated in the content of its meaning for cognitive alterations in senescence or in dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":"4-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14457638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Plasma selenium and glutathione peroxidase in relation to cancer, angina pectoris and short-term mortality in 68-year-old men. 血浆硒和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶与68岁男性癌症、心绞痛和短期死亡率的关系
Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0723-5_118
B. Åkesson, B. Steen
{"title":"Plasma selenium and glutathione peroxidase in relation to cancer, angina pectoris and short-term mortality in 68-year-old men.","authors":"B. Åkesson, B. Steen","doi":"10.1007/978-1-4613-0723-5_118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0723-5_118","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77698,"journal":{"name":"Comprehensive gerontology. Section A, Clinical and laboratory sciences","volume":"18 11","pages":"61-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50963387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
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