Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao最新文献
Z Guo, G Yang, F Chu, G Xu, J Zhang, S Zhang, Y Yu
{"title":"Studies on antipeptic ulcer agents: a structure-activity relationship analysis of aldehyde semicarbazones and aryl hydrazones.","authors":"Z Guo, G Yang, F Chu, G Xu, J Zhang, S Zhang, Y Yu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Twenty-eight condensation products of heterocyclic-a-carboaldehydes with N-aminooxazolidones, semicarbazides, thiosemicarbazides and benzoxycarbonyl hydrazide were synthesized so as to deduce the antiulcer pharmacophore or fragment of furazolidone (I), a prototype which has shown therapeutic efficacy in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers. SAR analysis of the compounds indicated that the substitution of furan, thiophene, pyrrole or N-methyl pyrrole rings for 5-nitrofuran and the cleavage of the oxazolidone ring did not fully destroy the activity. The electron density of the carbonyl group was found to be of importance. A lead structure, therefore, was derived for further optimization.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 3","pages":"149-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13253867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effects of nimodipine on platelet aggregation and the activity of enzymes in arachidonic acid metabolism.","authors":"J Li, Z Wang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effects of nimodipine on platelet aggregation and arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism were studied in order to explore its effect on patients with thrombosis or cardiovascular disease. The results indicate that nimodipine (50-350 mumol/L) significantly inhibits platelet aggregation induced by ADP, AA, and ionophore A23187 in a dose dependent manner. The inhibitory effects induced by ionophore A23187 could be partially antagonized by calcium (1 mmol/L). When the substrate was AA and the enzyme was supplied by pig lung microsomes, nimodipine (50-400 mumol/L) significantly reduced the generation of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF 1 a in parallel. When the substrate was prostaglandin endoperoxide, however, the levels of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF 1 a were not significantly altered in the same concentration range. The results suggest that nimodipine is a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, and its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation is related to its calcium blocking effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 1","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13270324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Determination of protein turnover changes in perioperative patients by the 15N-glycine constant infusion method.","authors":"E L Ma, Z M Jiang","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The N-glycine constant infusion method was used to study protein turnover in normal adults and perioperative patients. The protein turnover rate (Q), synthetic rate (S) and catabolic rate (C) were derived according to Picou's two-pool system model, and the \"end-product averaging technique\" showed the 15N-glycine constant infusion method to be reliable, with a reproducibility of +/-5.1%. This measurement can be repeated after a short period, so it should be useful for surgical nutrition study. Our results show the following: Q was significantly increased after operation (3.4 +/- 0.6 to 5.0 +/- 0.5 g protein/kg/d, P less than 0.01), and S (2.6 +/- 0.5 to 3.7 +/- 0.6 g protein/kg/d, P less than 0.05) and C (2.3 +/- 0.5 to 3.9 +/- 0.5 g protein/kg/d, P less than 0.01) were increased as well. This suggests that the protein degradation rate outstripped the synthesis rate on post-operative day three (POD+3) when traditional (glutamine-free) total parenteral nutrition support was used.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 2","pages":"97-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13277299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Anesthetic management for the excision of pheochromocytoma.","authors":"Y Huang, A Luo, H Ren","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anesthetic experiences involving 23 patients with pheochromocytoma during the period 1983-1986 are reported. Typical clinical symptoms and positive laboratory results were found in all patients. Epidural block was used in 11, general anesthesia in 10, and a combination of the two in 2 cases. Swan-Ganz catheter was used to monitor hemodynamic changes during anesthesia and surgery. Before excision of the tumor, a larger volume of fluid was transfused than was lost, resulting in the elevation and/or maintenance of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) at the upper limit of the normal range. Once venous supply was secured, the incidence of critical hypotension following resection of the tumor was reduced significantly. But it was difficult to avoid this blood pressure drop in some cases, and intravenous infusion of catecholamines was required. After tumor excision a marked decline of myocardial function was observed. This suggests that myocardial dysfunction might be another important factor of severe hypotension, along with the total peripheral resistance (TPR) decrease and relative hypovolemia. Blood pressures of patients undergoing epidural block were stable or slightly decreased during the establishment of anesthesia. However, in all cases of general anesthesia a variable hypotension was observed during induction and intubation. We therefore recommend epidural block for abdominal pheochromocytoma resection in order to avoid the marked fluctuation of blood pressure which may accompany the induction of general anesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 4","pages":"223-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13443650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of atracurium in myasthenic patients undergoing thymectomy.","authors":"Y G Huang, A L Luo, L K Luo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease involving the acetylcholine receptors at neuromuscular junctions. Perioperative management of patients with myasthenia gravis is complicated by their enhanced sensitivity to nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and their resistance to depolarizing drugs (1). Prolonged respiratory depression commonly occurs when these agents are used. Atracurium dibesilate is one of a new series of nondepolarizing agents and is promising by virtue of its rapid degradation by 'Hoffmann elimination', leaving products with little or no muscle blocking activity. After encouraging results were obtained with atracurium (2-6), we investigated the neuromuscular blocking effect of different doses of the drug (0.2 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg) in sixteen myasthenic patients undergoing thymectomy, with continuous monitoring of neuromuscular function.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 2","pages":"102-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13395589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Generation and partial characterization of monoclonal antibodies against solubilized membrane fraction of human spermatozoa.","authors":"Y Z Yang, C Y Lee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human sperm membrane antigens extracted by deoxycholate (DOC) were used to immunize BALB/c mice. Hybrid cell lines secreting sperm-specific monoclonal antibodies were generated by cell fusion in a semi-solid medium and screened by indirect immunofluorscent assay using live and methanol-fixed sperm. Out of 850 hybrid clones from cell fusion, 28 were shown to secrete sperm-specific antibodies which reacted with the acrosome, equatorial segment, whole surface plasma membrane or tail of spermatozoa. Finally, seven hybrid cell lines were established and shown to secrete monoclonal antibodies which had no cross-reactivity with any human tissues other than testis and sperm. The majority were also shown to inhibit fertilization of mouse oocytes in vitro and human sperm penetration of zone-free hamster ova. Western blot analysis revealed that some of these antibodies reacted with sperm membrane antigens of distinct molecular size.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 2","pages":"64-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13395591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Inhibition of zygote formation and embryo development in mice immunized with monoclonal antisperm antibodies.","authors":"Y Yan, P Liang, L Wang, S Miao, S S Koide","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Passive immunization of female mice by the intraperitoneal administration of ascitic fluids containing monoclonal antisperm antibodies blocked the development of mouse zygotes to morulae and blastocysts when cultured in vitro. Radioiodinated YWK-I monoclonal antibodies were prepared and administered intraperitoneally to female mice. Significant radioactivity was found in washes of the oviductal lumens. The results suggest that antisperm antibodies block fertilization and may have a deleterious effect on early developing embryos.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 1","pages":"9-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13522078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Left atrial myxoma in a Chinese octogenarian.","authors":"W H Chow, K L Cheung, H C Cheung, C K Mok","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 1","pages":"56-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13349203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunopotentiating effect of traditional Chinese drugs--ginsenoside and glycyrrhiza polysaccharide.","authors":"G Yang, Y Yu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The immunopotentiating effects of the traditional Chinese drugs Ginsenoside (GS) and Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide (GPS) are reported. It was demonstrated that GS promotes the phagocytic activity of plaque-forming cells (PFC) and enhances the mitogenesis of T and B lymphocytes primed by mitogens. The mechanism of these effects is related to the ratio of cGMP to cAMP. GS also plays a role in the NKC-IFN-IL-2 regulatory system, inhibits the growth of tumor cells, and antagonizes the suppression of ADCC and NK cytotoxicities in mice with surgical stress. GS exhibits bidirectional effects on immunological functions. GPS increases the phagocytosis of macrophages, induces macrophages to secret IL-1, enhances both NK and ADCC activities, behaves as a mitogen of B lymphocytes, inhibits the multiplication of several viruses, and induces the release of IFN from spleen cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 4","pages":"188-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13444525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Hsu, H Hsu, J W Osborne, W R Clarke, C K Hawk, Y Ohnishi
{"title":"Autoradiographic study of the attrition of migrating schistosomula in the skin of mice. II. Mice challenged with normal S. mansoni cercariae after immunization with highly irradiated cercariae.","authors":"S Hsu, H Hsu, J W Osborne, W R Clarke, C K Hawk, Y Ohnishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The migratory pattern and attrition of 75Se-labelled S. mansoni challenge cercariae in CF1 mice immunized 0, 1, 3, or 5 times with 12kR- or 48kR-irradiated cercariae were investigated by compressed organ autoradiography. Mice were percutaneously inoculated with 500-1000 cercariae for each immunization and with a known count of approximately 90 cercariae at a different site for challenge. The skin, lungs, liver, other organs, and carcass were processed for autoradiography. Hepatic and mesenteric perfusions for worm collection were also sampled from day 19 through 34. In naive mice, 25% of challenge cercariae died in the skin. Skin attrition of challenge cercariae in mice immunized with 12kR-irradiated cercariae was 43% with 1 immunization, 54% with 3, and 58% with 5, whereas in mice immunized with 48kR-irradiated cercariae, skin attrition was 48% with 1, 63% with 3, and 76% with 5 immunizations. In all immunized mice, a high percentage of migrating schistosomula died in the skin within 24 hours of a challenge infection. Utilizing autoradiography, it was found that the silver foci created by single labelled worms were difficult to differentiate from those of paired worms. This study documents the induction of acquired resistance against a challenge infection in the skin by vaccination with highly irradiated cercariae, with the degree of attenuation of immunizing cercariae and the number of immunizations being closely related to the attrition rate in the skin. Finally, we discuss the contradictory views concerning the site of attrition of challenge cercariae.</p>","PeriodicalId":77596,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and the Peking Union Medical College = Chung-kuo i hsueh k'o hsueh yuan, Chung-kuo hsieh ho i k'o ta hsueh hsueh pao","volume":"5 1","pages":"30-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"13522072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}