The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi最新文献_第10页

Influence of noise on heart rate and quantity of work in mental work. 脑力劳动中噪声对心率和工作量的影响。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.523

M Umemura, K Honda, Y Kikuchi

{"title":"Influence of noise on heart rate and quantity of work in mental work.","authors":"M Umemura, K Honda, Y Kikuchi","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.523","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we investigated the correlation between the physiological function, heart rate (HR) and the quantity of work performed when A-weighted sound pressure level of factory noise or construction noise was varied during the mental operations of calculation and erosion. Furthermore, we looked for differences in the effects of sound noise and music on the quantity of work performed. The A-weighted sound pressure level was set at four levels of background noise, i.e. 60, 70 and 80 dB (A). The music sound level was set at 70 dB (A). The subjects were exposed to factory noise, construction noise and music during their mental work. A balanced factorial experiment was conducted with a total of 16 combinations of types of mental work (two levels of calculation and erosion), sound noise (two levels of factory and construction sound noise), and A-weighted sound pressure levels (four levels). The order of the experimental procedures was determined at random. The following conclusions were made from the findings of the study. 1) HR elevation occurred due to exposure to sound noise, and further increase in HR resulted from an increase in the A-weighted sound pressure level. This result can be attributed to the action of sound noise as a stressor, which excites sympathetic nerves, leading to an elevation of HR. 2) The quantity of work performed decreased with an increase in the A-weighted sound pressure level. 3) When the subjects were exposed to music with an A-weighted sound pressure level of 70 dB (A) instead of sound noise of the same level, almost no elevation of HR was observed. However, the quantity of work completed when exposed to music was less than that performed when exposed to sound noise of the same A-weighted sound pressure level.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 5","pages":"523-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12590908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

[Estimation of energy expenditure and the validity of pitch counting during walking and jogging by piezoelectric materials]. [用压电材料估算步行和慢跑时的能量消耗和节距计数的有效性]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.539

T Yoshida, M Udo, C Mizuno, H Yamanaka, I Tasaka

引用次数: 1

[Physical fitness and its relationship with life style for persons of middle or advanced age]. [中老年体质及其与生活方式的关系]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.547

Y Takasaki, H Fukasawa, T Ohmura

引用次数: 0

[Subcutaneous fat distribution in Japanese women. Part 1. Fat thickness of the trunk]. [日本女性皮下脂肪分布]第1部分。[树干的脂肪厚度]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.495

H Saito, T Tamura

引用次数: 3

[Changes in intracellular pH of working muscle during constant and stepwise incremental load exercise]. [恒定和逐步增加负荷运动时工作肌肉细胞内pH值的变化]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-07-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.401

K Iwanaga, K Sairyo, T Minami, M Sakurai, Y Kato

{"title":"[Changes in intracellular pH of working muscle during constant and stepwise incremental load exercise].","authors":"K Iwanaga, K Sairyo, T Minami, M Sakurai, Y Kato","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.401","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, subjects performed wrist flexion in isokinetic manner by using CYBEX dynamometer while their right forearm was attached in a MR magnet. 31P-MR spectra were obtained from wrist flexor muscles before and throughout the exercise. Intracellular pH of muscle was calculated from the chemical shift between phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). Fifteen Japanese males volunteered as subjects. They performed two experimental protocols, i. e. constant load test (CT) and stepwise incremental load test (IT). In CT, 10 of the subjects were participated. After 2 minutes rest, wrist flexion of 10, 20, 30, 40 or 50% of maximal voluntary contraction force (MVC) was performed at 2 seconds intervals for 15 minutes. In IT, 14 including 9 of CT were participated. They performed wrist flexion in incremental contraction force of 5 steps from 10% to 50% of MVC for 3 minutes in each step. Changes in intracellular pH of muscle against contraction level show non-linear relationships both in CT and IT. From this relationship we calculated the contraction level at which pH was 6.9 (%MVC6.9). Mean values of obtained %MVC6.9 by CT and by IT were 29.3 and 30.0% of MVC, respectively. And, significant correlation was found between %MVC6.9 by CT and by IT. This result shows that %MVC6.9 was a reproducible index independent of the type of exercise test, i. e. constant or incremental load test, and might reflect the physiological characteristics of the muscle.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 4","pages":"401-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.401","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12560157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

[Stability of body composition in boys and girls 12 through 15 years of age]. [12 - 15岁男孩和女孩身体成分的稳定性]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-07-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.409

K Watanabe, F Nakadomo, M Miyake, K Tanaka, K Maeda

{"title":"[Stability of body composition in boys and girls 12 through 15 years of age].","authors":"K Watanabe, F Nakadomo, M Miyake, K Tanaka, K Maeda","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.409","url":null,"abstract":"Although underwater weighing has been regarded as a representative of the criterion reference methods for determining body composition, this technique is cumbersome for screening. The purpose of the present study was to examine the stability of body composition assessed not only by underwater weighting but also by existing bioelectrical impedance equations and skinfold thickness equations during a 4-week period. Ten male and 10 female junior high school pupils, aged 12 to 15 years, volunteered to serve as subjects. Body density (Db) was estimated by underwater weighing (UW), skinfold thickness (ST) method, and bioelectrical impedance (BI) method. The UW was considered criterion reference method. The underwater weight was the heaviest value that was reproduced twice at least among 5 to 10 measurements. Residual lung volume was estimated \"in water,\" with the subject in the sitting position, by a closed-circuit helium-dilution method. The ST equations used for determination of Db were those developed by Nagamine et al., while in the BI method equations proposed by Nakadomo et al. were applied. The Db for boys by UW did not differ significantly during the 4-week period; however, in girls it was significantly lower in the 2nd test (1.0479 +/- 0.018 g/ml) than in the 1st test (1.0500 +/- 0.019 g/ml). Likewise, the Db estimated by ST and BI methods remained unchanged in boys, while in girls it was significantly lower in the 2nd test (BI: 1.0445 +/- 0.010 vs. 1.0389 +/- 0.013 g/ml). Test-retest reliability of all the three methods for measurements conducted 4 weeks apart were statistically significant (e.g. UW: r = 0.99, ST: r = 0.94, BI: r = 0.89 in girls). In conclusion, the validity of Db estimated by these two methods was found to be insufficient when absolute values are required. However, body composition estimates assessed by ST and BI methods for boys and girls may be stable on a relative basis.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 4","pages":"409-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.409","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12560158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Type and amount of environmental information in urban scene--basic study on the design of intelligence environment. 城市场景中环境信息的类型与数量——智能环境设计的基础研究。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-07-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.431

Y Morita, Y Yamazaki

{"title":"Type and amount of environmental information in urban scene--basic study on the design of intelligence environment.","authors":"Y Morita, Y Yamazaki","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.431","url":null,"abstract":"Signs have gained importance as an information mechanism that supports the urban activities in signage, and projects are being actively launched in cities. Urban spaces are already filled with multitudes of signs including directories and signboards, calling for organization of signage as a system and not merely as a collection of individual signs. As a first step for tackling with the objectives, the present study noted the type and amount of environmental information presented in the realm of pedestrians. Our study included (1) investigating the type and amount of information available in the streets including underpass; (2) classifying and organizing signs according to the content of information; and (3) analyzing the relation between different types of information, between situations and signs, and continuity of the signs of the same type. The study revealed that there was a (1) deviation in information offered at various spots on a pedestrian route; (2) multitudes of advertisements and installations other than signs were placed at the same spot using the same method as the public signs; and (3) there were qualitative lack of signs despite many signs in the investigated area. The study thus indicated a need for cross-sectional environmental design for information in place of sign designs and delineates several basic requirements for it.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 4","pages":"431-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.431","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12560161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Increase of heat loss by wearing gloves and boots in wet-suited subjects working in cold water. 在冷水中工作的穿着湿衣的受试者戴上手套和靴子会增加热量损失。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-07-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.393

Y S Park, J S Kim, J K Choi

{"title":"Increase of heat loss by wearing gloves and boots in wet-suited subjects working in cold water.","authors":"Y S Park, J S Kim, J K Choi","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.393","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of wearing protective gloves and boots on thermal exchanges of wet-suited subjects in cold water was evaluated. Four male subjects, clad in 5 mm-thick neoprene wet suits and either with or without neoprene gloves (5 mm-thick) and boots (5 mm-thick) were immersed up to the neck in water at 13 degrees C while resting for 3 h or exercising for 2 h. Rectal temperature, oxygen consumption and local (chest, back, upper arm, thigh, forearm, calf, hand and foot) skin temperatures, skin heat fluxes and thermal insulations were determined during immersion. The rectal temperature was not different between conditions but the skin temperature was significantly higher with gloves and boots, especially at the distal extremities (forearm, calf, hand and foot). Consequently, the core-to-skin temperature gradient was reduced by wearing gloves and boots, but the skin heat loss was markedly increased. Calculated overall body insulation was significantly lowered by wearing gloves and boots. These results indicate that in wet-suited subjects resting or exercising in cold (13 degrees C) water, gloves and boots increase the overall rate of body heat loss. Attenuation of cold-induced vasoconstriction is proposed as the mechanism.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 4","pages":"393-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.393","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12560156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

[On the daily living and development of infants living in urban and rural regions]. [城乡婴幼儿日常生活与发展研究]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-07-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.451

H Marubayashi, H Sato

引用次数: 0

Measurement of regional evaporation rate from skin surface by evaporimeter. 用蒸发器测量皮肤表面的区域蒸发速率。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-07-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.417

S J Park, T Tamura

引用次数: 5