The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi最新文献_第9页

[Comparison of submaximal front crawl and breast stroke swimming in relation to energy expenditure]. [次极限爬泳与蛙泳能量消耗的比较]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.635

K Sugiyama, S Katamoto

{"title":"[Comparison of submaximal front crawl and breast stroke swimming in relation to energy expenditure].","authors":"K Sugiyama, S Katamoto","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.635","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the energy expenditure during submaximal front crawl (Fr) and breast stroke (Br) swimming. Six male college swimmers performed submaximal and maximal exercise tests in both styles in a swimming flume. In submaximal exercise tests, they swam at the following given velocities for 5 min, Br: 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7 m/sec; Fr: 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 0.9 m/sec. In maximal exercise tests, following submaximal swimming at 0.9 m/sec in Br and 1.1 m/sec in Fr, swimming velocity was increased progressively by 0.1 m/sec every 1 min until the subjects reached to voluntary exhaustion. VO2max obtained from the maximal swimming tests in Br and Fr were 4.27 and 4.18 l/min, respectively. And there was no significant difference between these two values. VO2 during Br and Fr swimming at four and five submaximal velocities were 1.06, 1.30, 1.79, 2.65 l/min and 1.17, 1.34, 1.63, 2.04, 3.05 l/min, respectively. And, it was found that VO2 at 0.3 and 0.9 m/sec were significantly different (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01) between Fr and Br. VO2 in both styles curvilinearly increased with swimming velocity, and these relationships were well fitted for the regression equation of the second order (Br: y = 3.84625x2 - 1.95914x + 1.310463,r2 = 0.999 (p < 0.05), Fr: y = 3.233446x2 - 2.28136x + 1.611524, r2 = 0.979 (p < 0.05)). It was calculated that the two curves crossed at a point on 0.49 m/sec, and that VO2 at this point was 1.27 l/min. This value equivalented to 30.4% VO2max in Br and 29.7% VO2max in Fr.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 6","pages":"635-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12646541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

[The effects of the menstrual cycle on temporary threshold shift (TTS) and sex differences in TTS]. [月经周期对暂时性阈值移位(TTS)的影响及TTS的性别差异]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.649

C Hori, K Nakashima, H Sato

引用次数: 1

[Physiological evaluation of clothing made of new material for protection against the solar heat load]. [新材料服装对太阳热负荷防护的生理评价]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.585

S Watanuki, M Hiraoka, T Doi, H Kiyokawa

{"title":"[Physiological evaluation of clothing made of new material for protection against the solar heat load].","authors":"S Watanuki, M Hiraoka, T Doi, H Kiyokawa","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.585","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of clothing made of a new material that is, the polyester staple containing the ceramics and to reflect the solar heat load on physiological responses during rest, exercise (50% VO2max) and recovery on a cycle ergometer. Six young female subjects exposed their back to an artificial solar heat load of an intensity of 680 kcal/m2/h with an air temperature of 30 degrees C. The data were compared to those obtained by wearing clothing made of cotton material. The results were as follows. The cardiac output and oxygen consumption obtained at the end of recovery were increased by solar heat load when the subjects wore cotton material. However, these values showed no significant increase when the subjects wore solar heat reflecting clothing. Furthermore, the cardiac output at the end of submaximal work and recovery were higher for the cotton material compared to the heat reflecting clothing in the solar heat load. The increase of cardiac output for the cotton material may show the increase of skin blood flow for the body heat dissipation. Those results suggest that the solar heat reflecting clothing may decrease the physiological strain like a blood redistribution for the body heat dissipation during exercise in summer sunlight.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 6","pages":"585-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12647325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

On the visual recognition of moving letter. 论动字的视觉识别。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.611

K Sakamoto, N Itakura, K Imamura, N Kinebuchi, K Seki, S Hanba

{"title":"On the visual recognition of moving letter.","authors":"K Sakamoto, N Itakura, K Imamura, N Kinebuchi, K Seki, S Hanba","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.611","url":null,"abstract":"The visual recognition (i.e., legibility) of moving object was studied. The numerical letters were mainly used as the objects. The influences of (1) direction of the movement, (2) thickness of line of letter (i.e., stroke width), and (3) design of letter to the visual recognition were measured. From these measurements, the optimal numerical letters were proposed in the first step of the study, which were called as IMAL(initial most optimal arabic letters). The visual recognition of both moving letters IMAL and letters JIS (Japan industrial standard) employed for motionless-state was compared for both the moving and the motionless states. In the presentation for motionless state, letters JIS showed lower error rate, but the statistical significance was not proved, while in the presentation for horizontally moving state letters IMAL showed better visual recognition than letters JIS was the significant level of 5%. Therefore, the useful numerical letters for moving state could be designed in the study. Moreover, the visual recognition of letters IMAL was evaluated for various moving velocities. The optimal moving velocities for both letters IMAL and JIS were found.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 6","pages":"611-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12647327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thresholds for decrease in intracellular pH and increase in blood lactate during progressive exercise: 31P-MRS study. 渐进式运动中细胞内pH值降低和血乳酸升高的阈值:31P-MRS研究。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.641

K Iwanaga, M Sakurai, T Minami, Y Kato, K Sairyo

{"title":"Thresholds for decrease in intracellular pH and increase in blood lactate during progressive exercise: 31P-MRS study.","authors":"K Iwanaga, M Sakurai, T Minami, Y Kato, K Sairyo","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.641","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the intramuscular and the intravascular events in relation to energy metabolism during progressive arm exercise. Twelve healthy untrained Japanese males participated in this study as subjects. They performed wrist flexion in a ramp incremental load of 0.14 W/min until exhaustion. 31P-MR spectra were obtained from wrist flexor muscle before and throughout the exercise. Venous blood was also sampled from antecubital vein with one minute interval during the exercise, and a change in plasma lactate concentration (La) was observed. Intracellular pH (pH) was calculated from a chemical shift between phosphocreatine (PCr) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) of the 31P-MR spectra. Change in pH showed a threshold behavior during exercise. Threshold points at decline in pH (pHT), increase in Pi/PCr (PT), and increase in La (LT) were determined by piecewise linear regression analysis of minutes-by-minutes data. Mean values of pHT, PT and LT were 43.0, 42.5, and 24.8% of maximal work rate, respectively. LT was significantly smaller than pHT and PT. This result suggests that lactic acidosis has already existed when pH is kept at resting level, and pHT reflects the capacity of remaining intracellular biochemical homeostasis, which might be one of the physiological indices of muscle fatigue.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 6","pages":"641-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.641","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12646542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Distribution of evaporation rate on human body surface. 蒸发速率在人体表面的分布。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-11-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.593

S J Park, T Tamura

{"title":"Distribution of evaporation rate on human body surface.","authors":"S J Park, T Tamura","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.593","url":null,"abstract":"Relative humidity (R. H), vapour pressure (Psk) and evaporation rate (Esk) of the human skin surface were measured at 29 points by an evaporimeter at 25 degrees C, 28 degrees C, 31 degrees C, 34 degrees C and 37 degrees C of air temperature (Ta), with 35 +/- 10 % R. H and air velocity of less than 0.2 m/s. The skin temperatures and the body weight loss were also measured by thermography and electronic balance. Ten healthy female subjects aged 22-34 years, wearing brassiere and shorts, took a supine and a prone posture during experiment. Comparisons of the obtained Esk with the previous results of other studies showed that there were no definite differences among the measuring methods of Esk, while it is ascertained that the calibration of the results to some standard values such as weight loss were more important to get accurate values of Esk. Distribution patterns of Esk were almost the same in the insensible zone but they remarkably changed in the sweating zone. According to the regression analysis of Esk and Ta, 29 regions were classified into the following 9 groups which showed similar values and changes of Esk with the air temperature: 1) face, 2) front upper trunk, 3) back upper trunk, 4) front lower trunk, 5) back lower trunk, 6) arm, 7) leg, 8) hand and foot and 9) palm, sole and axilla. These results were discussed in relation to the contributing factors such as the number and the capacity of the sweat gland, the regional skin temperature and the pressure-sweat response and also in relation to the skin wettedness.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 6","pages":"593-609"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12647326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 59

[Warming-up under cold environment]. 【寒冷环境下的热身】。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.507

H Takahashi, M Tanaka, Y Morita, S Igawa, H Kita

{"title":"[Warming-up under cold environment].","authors":"H Takahashi, M Tanaka, Y Morita, S Igawa, H Kita","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.507","url":null,"abstract":"Warming up procedures in the many antecedent reports, are almost under normal ambient temperature and they do not treat the warming up under low temperature. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of warming up by intensity and time in submaximal treadmill exercise (90% VO2max intensity during 10 minutes) on physiological parameters under cold environment in climate chamber (room temperature: 10 degrees C, relative humidity: 70%, wind velocity: under 0.2 m/sec). Eight trained collegiate basic skiers performed main exercise for 5 minutes after the following warming up conditions: NoW-up (no warming up), W50-15 (50% VO2max intensity 15 minutes), W70-15(70% VO2max intensity 15 minutes), W50-30(50% VO2max intensity 30 minutes) or W70-30(70% VO2max intensity 30 minutes). It was concluded that the most effective intensity and time of warming up in these conditions were 50% VO2max intensity and 30 minutes duration, that is, rather low intensity and longer duration time. It was suggested that a warming up with a high intensity and short duration was effectless under cold.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 5","pages":"507-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12589627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Optimum comfort limits determination through the characteristics of asymmetric thermal radiation in a heated floor space, "ondol". 通过加热地板空间的不对称热辐射特性确定最佳舒适限制，“ondol”。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.517

Y J Yoon, S D Park, J Y Sohn

引用次数: 0

[Control of breathing during exercise]. [运动时对呼吸的控制]。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.479

T Yoshida, Y Fukuba

{"title":"[Control of breathing during exercise].","authors":"T Yoshida, Y Fukuba","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.479","url":null,"abstract":"Although the control of breathing during exercise has been studied extensively that both neural and humoral factors may play a role in mediating the exercise hyperpnea, it remains unresolved whether the response is due solely to neural or humoral mechanisms and how the pulmonary gas exchange matches to the tissue exchange rates. At just onset of exercise ventilation can increase abruptly within 1 to 2 breathes (Phase I). Such a rapid increment of ventilation is not attributed to the humoral factor(s) due to the circulation delay from muscle metabolites. More rapid mechanism(s) such as irradiation from brain stream, afferent neurogenic control, blood flow increment as cardiodynamic theory might be considered. During moderate exercise intensity with a step function, ventilation increased exponentially to the steady state (phase II) after an abrupt increase at just onset of exercise. In this phase II, the breathing is controlled as to exchange the oxygen and carbon dioxide at rates appropriate for the acid-base homeostasis regulation. As a result, arterial blood gases and acid-base status must maintain within a narrow range despite of extremely enlarged metabolic rates by exercise. Some humoral factor(s) might be mediated for the control of breathing such as mean steady state error theory, arterial blood gases oscillation theory, feedback system by CO2, or optimization theory. At the heavy exercise intensity, anaerobic metabolism was supplemented to product for the enhanced energy requirement, so that ventilation increased non-linearly with oxygen uptake due to the lactoacidosis and its buffering activity. There has been a debate concerning cause and effect relationship between blood lactate increment and hyperpnea during exercise. Recently, arterial potassium concentration resulted from depolarization due to muscle contraction during exercise might stimulate to carotid bodies for increasing ventilation.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 5","pages":"479-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.479","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12589625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 96

The effect of color temperature of lighting sources on the autonomic nervous functions. 光源色温对自主神经功能的影响。

The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi Pub Date : 1992-09-01 DOI: 10.2114/ahs1983.11.533

H Mukae, M Sato

{"title":"The effect of color temperature of lighting sources on the autonomic nervous functions.","authors":"H Mukae, M Sato","doi":"10.2114/ahs1983.11.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2114/ahs1983.11.533","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was designed to investigate the effects of color temperature of lighting sources on the heart rate variability. Eight male students volunteered as subjects. The heart rate variability during task and rest sessions were estimated under nine different lighting environments consisting of three levels of color temperature (3000 degrees K, 5000 degrees K and 6700 degrees K) and three levels of illuminance (1001x, 3001x and 9001x). The lighting condition caused no effect on the mean heart rate. On the other hand, the power spectrum of heart rate was significantly influenced by the lighting conditions. The respiratory sinus arrhythmia component and Mayer wave related sinus arrhythmia component of the power spectrum increased under higher color temperature conditions. Judging from the consistency of heart rate level, the balance between the effects of parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems remained at a constant level irrespective of lighting quality and intensity. Therefore, both parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous functions were concluded to be enhanced under higher color temperature conditions. The light with higher color temperature was considered to activate the autonomic nervous function more than the light of lower color temperature. The effect of color temperature was much remarkable in the rest session comparing with the task session. This fact was discussed from the viewpoint of color temperature effect in environmental lighting.","PeriodicalId":77409,"journal":{"name":"The Annals of physiological anthropology = Seiri Jinruigaku Kenkyukai kaishi","volume":"11 5","pages":"533-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.2114/ahs1983.11.533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12590910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 73