AIMS Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Seven Tesla MRI in Alzheimer's disease research: State of the art and future directions: A narrative review.","authors":"Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige, Anton Kristoffer Garner","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023030","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seven tesla magnetic resonance imaging (7T MRI) is known to offer a superior spatial resolution and a signal-to-noise ratio relative to any other non-invasive imaging technique and provides the possibility for neuroimaging researchers to observe disease-related structural changes, which were previously only apparent on post-mortem tissue analyses. Alzheimer's disease is a natural and widely used subject for this technology since the 7T MRI allows for the anticipation of disease progression, the evaluation of secondary prevention measures thought to modify the disease trajectory, and the identification of surrogate markers for treatment outcome. In this editorial, we discuss the various neuroimaging biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease that have been studied using 7T MRI, which include morphological alterations, molecular characterization of cerebral T2*-weighted hypointensities, the evaluation of cerebral microbleeds and microinfarcts, biochemical changes studied with MR spectroscopy, as well as some other approaches. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the 7T MRI regarding imaging Alzheimer's disease and we provide our outlook for the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"401-422"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of the UNC13 family in human diseases: A literature review.","authors":"Ubaid Ansari, Vincent Chen, Romteen Sedighi, Burhaan Syed, Zohaer Muttalib, Khadija Ansari, Fatima Ansari, Denise Nadora, Daniel Razick, Forshing Lui","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023029","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023029","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This literature review explores the pivotal roles of the Uncoordinated-13 (UNC13) protein family, encompassing UNC13A, UNC13B, UNC13C, and UNC13D, in the pathogenesis of various human diseases. These proteins, which are evolutionarily conserved and crucial for synaptic vesicle priming and exocytosis, have been implicated in a range of disorders, spanning from neurodegenerative diseases like amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) to immune-related conditions such as familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (FHL). The involvement of UNC13A in neurotransmitter release and synaptic plasticity is linked to ALS and FTD, with genetic variations affecting disease progression. UNC13B, which is closely related to UNC13A, plays a role in autism spectrum disorders (ASD), epilepsy, and schizophrenia. UNC13C is implicated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and has a neuroprotective role in Alzheimer's disease (AD). UNC13D has an essential role in immune cell function, making it a key player in FHL. This review highlights the distinct molecular functions of each UNC13 family member and their implications in disease contexts, shedding light on potential therapeutic strategies and avenues for future research. Understanding these proteins' roles offers new insights into the management and treatment of neurological and immunological disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"388-400"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring dietary approaches in the prevention and management of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A literature review.","authors":"Ubaid Ansari, Jimmy Wen, Isabel Taguinod, Dawnica Nadora, Denise Nadora, Forshing Lui","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023028","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and complex neurodegenerative disease of upper and lower motor neurons of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of this multifaceted disease is unknown. However, diet has emerged as a modifiable risk factor that has neuroprotective effects towards other neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and dementia. Thus, this review aims to explore how diet can potentially influence ALS onset and/or progression. In this review, five popular diets (Mediterranean, Vegan, Carnivore, Paleolithic and Ketogenic) and their distinct macromolecule composition, nutritional profile, biochemical pathways and their potential therapeutic effects for ALS are thoroughly examined. However, the composition of these diets varies, and the data is controversial, with conflicting studies on the effectiveness of nutrient intake of several of these diets. Although these five diets show that a higher intake of foods containing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds have a positive correlation towards reducing the oxidative stress of ALS, further research is needed to directly compare the effects of these diets and the mechanisms leading to ALS and its progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"376-387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple sclerosis and mental health related quality of life: The role of defense mechanisms, defense styles and family environment.","authors":"Anthi Amaslidou, Ioanna Ierodiakonou-Benou, Christos Bakirtzis, Ioannis Nikolaidis, Theano Tatsi, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Ioannis Nimatoudis","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023027","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating chronic neurologic disease that can lead to disability and thus to deterioration of quality of life. Psychological parameters such as ego defense mechanisms, defense styles and family environment are important factors in the adaptation process, and as such they can play important roles in QoL. This study aims to assess the psychological factors as well as the clinical and demographic characteristics related to mental health quality of life (MHQoL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of 90 people with MS in the years 2018-2020. All participants completed the following questionnaires: MSQoL-54, DSQ-88, LSI, FES-R, SOC, BDI-II, STAI. Disability was assessed using EDSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multiple linear regression, significant roles were played by depression (R²: 41.1%, p: 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, the event of a relapse (R²: 3.5%, p: 0.005), expressiveness (R²: 3.6%, p < 0.05) and image distortion style (R²: 4.5%, p: 0.032). After performing a hierarchical-stepwise analysis (excluding depression), the important factors were maladaptive defense style (R²: 23.7%, p: 0.002), the event of relapse (R²: 8.1%, p < 0.001), expressiveness (R²: 5.5%, p: 0.004) and self-sacrificing defense style (R²: 2.4%, p: 0.071).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological factors play important roles in MHQoL of people with multiple sclerosis. Thus, neurologists should integrate in their practice an assessment by mental health specialists. Moreover, targeted psychotherapeutic interventions could be planned i to improve QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"354-375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of spinal cord injury symptoms by targeting the Bax/Bcl2 pathway and modulating TNF-α/IL-10 using Platelet-Rich Plasma exosomes loaded with dexamethasone.","authors":"Naeimeh Akbari-Gharalari, Maryam Ghahremani-Nasab, Roya Naderi, Zeinab Aliyari-Serej, Mohammad Karimipour, Parviz Shahabi, Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023026","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that results in impaired sensory and motor function due to the limited self-regenerative ability of the spinal cord. To address this issue, combination therapy has been proposed as an effective treatment strategy for SCI regeneration. In this study, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)-derived exosomes loaded with dexamethasone were utilized in a mouse model of SCI compression. PRP-derived exosomes loaded with dexamethasone (Dex) were prepared using ultracentrifugation and sonication methods and were administered to the mice via intravenous injection. Following a four-week duration, behavioral assessments were administered to assess functional recuperation, and diverse metrics encompassing the expression of genes associated with apoptosis and antiapoptosis, serum cytokine concentrations and tissue sampling were subjected to thorough examination. The results of this study demonstrated that mice treated with PRP-derived exosomes loaded with Dex (ExoDex) exhibited altered levels of TNF-α and IL-10, along with decreased Bax and increased Bcl2 expression in comparison to the model group. Furthermore, intravenously injected ExoDex reduced the size of the lesion site, lymphocyte infiltration, vacuolation, cavity size and tissue disorganization while also improving locomotor recovery. We propose that the utilization of exosome-loaded Dex therapy holds potential as a promising and clinically relevant approach for injured spinal cord repair. However, further extensive research is warranted in this domain to validate and substantiate the outcomes presented in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"332-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying false memories: misinformation, distortion or erroneous configuration?","authors":"Antonio G Lentoor","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023020","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Errors can affect our memory, yet even when there are gaps in our recollection of events, memory often serves us fairly well. Memory formation involves at least three different sub-processes, that are regulated by an underlying neural structure. From a cognitive neuropsychological perspective, a complex process of encoding, consolidating, and retrieval is involved in remembering an event, and it might be hindered by one's emotional state, physiological response to the event itself, and misinformation. As a result, it is very likely that one may struggle to remember specifics of what happened which can increase our susceptibility to the formation of false memories. This has major implications for everyday functioning, as in the case when you mistakenly remember you took your pills when you never did, or where errors have led to false accusations about trauma or abuse, and wrongful convictions of crimes. Memories sometimes contain biases and inaccuracies that prevent them from accurately recalling events. The review will provide an updated overview of current research advances on the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying inaccurate, distorted, or false memories.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"255-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing stress-related disorder regulation through neuroinformatics and data analysis: An editorial.","authors":"Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige,&nbsp;Yash Verma","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2023019","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"fr\" />","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"252-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric multiple sclerosis: an integrated outlook at the interplay between genetics, environment and brain-gut dysbiosis.","authors":"Uzochukwu Adabanya,&nbsp;Ayoola Awosika,&nbsp;Anosh Khan,&nbsp;Ejike Oluka,&nbsp;Mayowa Adeniyi","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023018","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune condition caused by demyelination, neurodegeneration and persistent inflammation of the central nervous system. Pediatric multiple sclerosis (PMS) is a relatively rare form of the disease that affects a significant number of individuals with MS. Environmental exposures, such as viral infections and smoking, can interact with MS-associated human leukocyte antigens (HLA) risk alleles and influence the immune response. Upregulation of immune response results in the disruption of immune balance leading to cascade of inflammatory events. It has also been established that gut microbiome dysbiosis poses a higher risk for pro-inflammation, and it is essentially argued to be the greatest environmental risk factor for MS. Dysbiosis can cause an unusual response from the adaptive immune system and significantly contribute to the development of disease in the host by activating pro-inflammatory pathways that cause immune-mediated disorders such as PMS, rendering the body more vulnerable to foreign attacks due to a weakened immune response. All these dynamic interactions between biological, environmental and genetic factors based on epigenetic study has further revealed that upregulation or downregulation of some genes/enzyme in the central nervous system white matter of MS patients produces a less stable form of myelin basic protein and ultimately leads to the loss of immune tolerance. The diagnostic criteria and treatment options for PMS are constantly evolving, making it crucial to have a better understanding of the disease burden on a global and regional scale. The findings from this review will aid in deepening the understanding of the interplay between genetic and environmental risk factors, as well as the role of the gut microbiome in the development of pediatric multiple sclerosis. As a result, healthcare professionals will be kept abreast of the early diagnostic criteria, accurately delineating other conditions that can mimic pediatric MS and to provide comprehensive care to individuals with PMS based on the knowledge gained from this research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"232-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depletion of dopamine in Parkinson's disease and relevant therapeutic options: A review of the literature.","authors":"Sairam Ramesh,&nbsp;Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023017","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and cognition functions. The etiology of Parkinson's disease remains largely unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. The neurotransmitter dopamine is implicated in regulating movement, motivation, memory, and other physiological processes. In individuals with Parkinson's disease, the loss of dopaminergic neurons leads to a reduction in dopamine levels, which causes motor impairment and may also contribute to the cognitive deficits observed in some patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the pathophysiology that leads to the loss of dopaminergic neurons, along with reliable biomarkers that may help distinguish PD from other conditions, monitor its progression, or indicate a positive response to a therapeutic intervention. Important advances in the treatment, etiology, and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease have been made in the past 50 years. Therefore, this review tries to explain the different possible mechanisms behind the depletion of dopamine in PD patients such as alpha-synuclein abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) toxicity, along with the current therapies we have and the ones that are in development. The clinical aspect of Parkinson's disease such as the manifestation of both motor and non-motor symptoms, and the differential diagnosis with similar neurodegenerative disease are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"200-231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroencephalography and mild cognitive impairment research: A scoping review and bibliometric analysis (ScoRBA).","authors":"Adi Wijaya, Noor Akhmad Setiawan, Asma Hayati Ahmad, Rahimah Zakaria, Zahiruddin Othman","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023012","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is often considered a precursor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and early diagnosis may help improve treatment effectiveness. To identify accurate MCI biomarkers, researchers have utilized various neuroscience techniques, with electroencephalography (EEG) being a popular choice due to its low cost and better temporal resolution. In this scoping review, we analyzed 2310 peer-reviewed articles on EEG and MCI between 2012 and 2022 to track the research progress in this field. Our data analysis involved co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer and a Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence of Practice, and Research Recommendations (PAGER) framework. We found that event-related potentials (ERP), EEG, epilepsy, quantitative EEG (QEEG), and EEG-based machine learning were the primary research themes. The study showed that ERP/EEG, QEEG, and EEG-based machine learning frameworks provide high-accuracy detection of seizure and MCI. These findings identify the main research themes in EEG and MCI and suggest promising avenues for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 2","pages":"154-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9811185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}