AIMS Neuroscience最新文献

{"title":"Exploring dietary approaches in the prevention and management of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A literature review.","authors":"Ubaid Ansari, Jimmy Wen, Isabel Taguinod, Dawnica Nadora, Denise Nadora, Forshing Lui","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023028","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal and complex neurodegenerative disease of upper and lower motor neurons of the central nervous system. The pathogenesis of this multifaceted disease is unknown. However, diet has emerged as a modifiable risk factor that has neuroprotective effects towards other neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and dementia. Thus, this review aims to explore how diet can potentially influence ALS onset and/or progression. In this review, five popular diets (Mediterranean, Vegan, Carnivore, Paleolithic and Ketogenic) and their distinct macromolecule composition, nutritional profile, biochemical pathways and their potential therapeutic effects for ALS are thoroughly examined. However, the composition of these diets varies, and the data is controversial, with conflicting studies on the effectiveness of nutrient intake of several of these diets. Although these five diets show that a higher intake of foods containing anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds have a positive correlation towards reducing the oxidative stress of ALS, further research is needed to directly compare the effects of these diets and the mechanisms leading to ALS and its progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"376-387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767066/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiple sclerosis and mental health related quality of life: The role of defense mechanisms, defense styles and family environment.","authors":"Anthi Amaslidou, Ioanna Ierodiakonou-Benou, Christos Bakirtzis, Ioannis Nikolaidis, Theano Tatsi, Nikolaos Grigoriadis, Ioannis Nimatoudis","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023027","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating chronic neurologic disease that can lead to disability and thus to deterioration of quality of life. Psychological parameters such as ego defense mechanisms, defense styles and family environment are important factors in the adaptation process, and as such they can play important roles in QoL. This study aims to assess the psychological factors as well as the clinical and demographic characteristics related to mental health quality of life (MHQoL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational, cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of 90 people with MS in the years 2018-2020. All participants completed the following questionnaires: MSQoL-54, DSQ-88, LSI, FES-R, SOC, BDI-II, STAI. Disability was assessed using EDSS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In multiple linear regression, significant roles were played by depression (R²: 41.1%, p: 0.001) and, to a lesser extent, the event of a relapse (R²: 3.5%, p: 0.005), expressiveness (R²: 3.6%, p < 0.05) and image distortion style (R²: 4.5%, p: 0.032). After performing a hierarchical-stepwise analysis (excluding depression), the important factors were maladaptive defense style (R²: 23.7%, p: 0.002), the event of relapse (R²: 8.1%, p < 0.001), expressiveness (R²: 5.5%, p: 0.004) and self-sacrificing defense style (R²: 2.4%, p: 0.071).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Psychological factors play important roles in MHQoL of people with multiple sclerosis. Thus, neurologists should integrate in their practice an assessment by mental health specialists. Moreover, targeted psychotherapeutic interventions could be planned i to improve QoL.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"354-375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of spinal cord injury symptoms by targeting the Bax/Bcl2 pathway and modulating TNF-α/IL-10 using Platelet-Rich Plasma exosomes loaded with dexamethasone.","authors":"Naeimeh Akbari-Gharalari, Maryam Ghahremani-Nasab, Roya Naderi, Zeinab Aliyari-Serej, Mohammad Karimipour, Parviz Shahabi, Abbas Ebrahimi-Kalan","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023026","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a debilitating condition that results in impaired sensory and motor function due to the limited self-regenerative ability of the spinal cord. To address this issue, combination therapy has been proposed as an effective treatment strategy for SCI regeneration. In this study, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP)-derived exosomes loaded with dexamethasone were utilized in a mouse model of SCI compression. PRP-derived exosomes loaded with dexamethasone (Dex) were prepared using ultracentrifugation and sonication methods and were administered to the mice via intravenous injection. Following a four-week duration, behavioral assessments were administered to assess functional recuperation, and diverse metrics encompassing the expression of genes associated with apoptosis and antiapoptosis, serum cytokine concentrations and tissue sampling were subjected to thorough examination. The results of this study demonstrated that mice treated with PRP-derived exosomes loaded with Dex (ExoDex) exhibited altered levels of TNF-α and IL-10, along with decreased Bax and increased Bcl2 expression in comparison to the model group. Furthermore, intravenously injected ExoDex reduced the size of the lesion site, lymphocyte infiltration, vacuolation, cavity size and tissue disorganization while also improving locomotor recovery. We propose that the utilization of exosome-loaded Dex therapy holds potential as a promising and clinically relevant approach for injured spinal cord repair. However, further extensive research is warranted in this domain to validate and substantiate the outcomes presented in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 4","pages":"332-353"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10767060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139377120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying false memories: misinformation, distortion or erroneous configuration?","authors":"Antonio G Lentoor","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023020","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Errors can affect our memory, yet even when there are gaps in our recollection of events, memory often serves us fairly well. Memory formation involves at least three different sub-processes, that are regulated by an underlying neural structure. From a cognitive neuropsychological perspective, a complex process of encoding, consolidating, and retrieval is involved in remembering an event, and it might be hindered by one's emotional state, physiological response to the event itself, and misinformation. As a result, it is very likely that one may struggle to remember specifics of what happened which can increase our susceptibility to the formation of false memories. This has major implications for everyday functioning, as in the case when you mistakenly remember you took your pills when you never did, or where errors have led to false accusations about trauma or abuse, and wrongful convictions of crimes. Memories sometimes contain biases and inaccuracies that prevent them from accurately recalling events. The review will provide an updated overview of current research advances on the cognitive and neural mechanisms underlying inaccurate, distorted, or false memories.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"255-268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing stress-related disorder regulation through neuroinformatics and data analysis: An editorial.","authors":"Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige,&nbsp;Yash Verma","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2023019","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"fr\" />","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"252-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pediatric multiple sclerosis: an integrated outlook at the interplay between genetics, environment and brain-gut dysbiosis.","authors":"Uzochukwu Adabanya,&nbsp;Ayoola Awosika,&nbsp;Anosh Khan,&nbsp;Ejike Oluka,&nbsp;Mayowa Adeniyi","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023018","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating autoimmune condition caused by demyelination, neurodegeneration and persistent inflammation of the central nervous system. Pediatric multiple sclerosis (PMS) is a relatively rare form of the disease that affects a significant number of individuals with MS. Environmental exposures, such as viral infections and smoking, can interact with MS-associated human leukocyte antigens (HLA) risk alleles and influence the immune response. Upregulation of immune response results in the disruption of immune balance leading to cascade of inflammatory events. It has also been established that gut microbiome dysbiosis poses a higher risk for pro-inflammation, and it is essentially argued to be the greatest environmental risk factor for MS. Dysbiosis can cause an unusual response from the adaptive immune system and significantly contribute to the development of disease in the host by activating pro-inflammatory pathways that cause immune-mediated disorders such as PMS, rendering the body more vulnerable to foreign attacks due to a weakened immune response. All these dynamic interactions between biological, environmental and genetic factors based on epigenetic study has further revealed that upregulation or downregulation of some genes/enzyme in the central nervous system white matter of MS patients produces a less stable form of myelin basic protein and ultimately leads to the loss of immune tolerance. The diagnostic criteria and treatment options for PMS are constantly evolving, making it crucial to have a better understanding of the disease burden on a global and regional scale. The findings from this review will aid in deepening the understanding of the interplay between genetic and environmental risk factors, as well as the role of the gut microbiome in the development of pediatric multiple sclerosis. As a result, healthcare professionals will be kept abreast of the early diagnostic criteria, accurately delineating other conditions that can mimic pediatric MS and to provide comprehensive care to individuals with PMS based on the knowledge gained from this research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"232-251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depletion of dopamine in Parkinson's disease and relevant therapeutic options: A review of the literature.","authors":"Sairam Ramesh,&nbsp;Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023017","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects motor and cognition functions. The etiology of Parkinson's disease remains largely unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are believed to play a role. The neurotransmitter dopamine is implicated in regulating movement, motivation, memory, and other physiological processes. In individuals with Parkinson's disease, the loss of dopaminergic neurons leads to a reduction in dopamine levels, which causes motor impairment and may also contribute to the cognitive deficits observed in some patients. Therefore, it is important to understand the pathophysiology that leads to the loss of dopaminergic neurons, along with reliable biomarkers that may help distinguish PD from other conditions, monitor its progression, or indicate a positive response to a therapeutic intervention. Important advances in the treatment, etiology, and pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease have been made in the past 50 years. Therefore, this review tries to explain the different possible mechanisms behind the depletion of dopamine in PD patients such as alpha-synuclein abnormalities, mitochondrial dysfunction, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) toxicity, along with the current therapies we have and the ones that are in development. The clinical aspect of Parkinson's disease such as the manifestation of both motor and non-motor symptoms, and the differential diagnosis with similar neurodegenerative disease are also discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 3","pages":"200-231"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10567584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41231754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroencephalography and mild cognitive impairment research: A scoping review and bibliometric analysis (ScoRBA).","authors":"Adi Wijaya, Noor Akhmad Setiawan, Asma Hayati Ahmad, Rahimah Zakaria, Zahiruddin Othman","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023012","DOIUrl":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is often considered a precursor to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and early diagnosis may help improve treatment effectiveness. To identify accurate MCI biomarkers, researchers have utilized various neuroscience techniques, with electroencephalography (EEG) being a popular choice due to its low cost and better temporal resolution. In this scoping review, we analyzed 2310 peer-reviewed articles on EEG and MCI between 2012 and 2022 to track the research progress in this field. Our data analysis involved co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer and a Patterns, Advances, Gaps, Evidence of Practice, and Research Recommendations (PAGER) framework. We found that event-related potentials (ERP), EEG, epilepsy, quantitative EEG (QEEG), and EEG-based machine learning were the primary research themes. The study showed that ERP/EEG, QEEG, and EEG-based machine learning frameworks provide high-accuracy detection of seizure and MCI. These findings identify the main research themes in EEG and MCI and suggest promising avenues for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 2","pages":"154-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9811185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic rearrangement of basal forebrain parvalbumin-immunoreactive neurons in the kainite model of epilepsy","authors":"Ruben Carvalho, Alisa N. Lukoyanova, João Casalta-Lopes, Nikolay V. Lukoyanov, Joana Isabel Soares","doi":"10.3934/neuroscience.2023023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/neuroscience.2023023","url":null,"abstract":"<abstract> <p>Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most prevalent form of epilepsy, through the neuronal mechanisms of this syndrome remain elusive. In addition to the temporal lobe structures, it was found that the basal forebrain cholinergic cells are also involved in epileptogenesis. However, little is known about the involvement of the basal forebrain GABAergic neurons in epilepsy; despite this, they largely project to the temporal lobe and are crucial for the regulation of the hippocampal circuitry. In this study, we assessed epilepsy-induced changes in parvalbumin (PARV) immunoreactive neurons of the medial septum (MS) and of the magnocellular preoptic nucleus (MCPO) using the kainic acid (KA) model in rats. In addition, we estimated the respective changes in the cholinergic varicosities in the MS, where we observed a significant reduction in the PARV cell number (12849 ± 2715 vs. 9372 ± 1336, <italic>p</italic> = .029) and density (16.2 ± 2.62 vs. 10.5 ± 1.00 per .001 mm³, <italic>p</italic> =.001), and an increase in the density of cholinergic varicosities (47.9 ± 11.1 vs. 69.4 ± 17.8 per 30,000 µm², <italic>p</italic> =.036) in KA-treated animals. In the MCPO, these animals showed a significant increase in somatic volume (827.9 ± 235.2 µm³ vs. 469.9 ± 79.6 µm³, <italic>p</italic> = .012) and total cell number (2268.6 ± 707.1 vs. 1362.4 ± 262.0, <italic>p</italic> =.028). These results show that the basal forebrain GABAergic cell populations undergo numerical and morphological changes in epileptic animals, which may contribute to an increased vulnerability of brain circuits to epilepsy and epilepsy-related functional impairments.</p> </abstract>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"305 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134980155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flavonoid glycoside fraction of <i>Ginkgo biloba</i> extract modulates antioxidants imbalance in vanadium-induced brain damage.","authors":"Adeshina O Adekeye,&nbsp;Adedamola A Fafure,&nbsp;Morayo M Omodele,&nbsp;Lawrence D Adedayo,&nbsp;Victor O Ekundina,&nbsp;Damilare A Adekomi,&nbsp;Ephraim Samuel Jen,&nbsp;Thomas K Adenowo","doi":"10.3934/Neuroscience.2023015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3934/Neuroscience.2023015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human and animal diseases have always been reported to be treated by medicinal herbs owing to their constituents. Excess sodium metavanadate is a potential environmental toxin when consumed and could induce oxidative damage leading to various neurological disorders and Parkinsons-like diseases. This study is designed to investigate the impact of the flavonoid Glycoside Fraction of Ginkgo Biloba Extract (GBE) (at 30 mg/kg body weight) on vanadium-treated rats. Animals were divided randomly into four groups: Control (Ctrl, normal saline), Ginkgo Biloba (GIBI, 30mg/kg BWT), Vanadium (VANA, 10 mg/kg BWT) and Vanadium + Ginkgo biloba (VANA + GIBI). Markers of oxidative stress (Glutathione Peroxidase and Catalase) were assessed and found to be statistically increased with GIBI when compared with CTRL and treatment groups. Results from routine staining revealed that the control and GIBI group had a normal distribution of cells and a pronounced increase in cell count respectively compared to the VANA group. When compared to the VANA group, the NeuN photomicrographs revealed that the levels of GIBI were within the normal range (***p < 0.001; ** p < 001). The treatment with GIBI showed a better response by increasing the neuronal cells in the VANA+GIBI when compared with the VANA group. The NLRP3 Inflammasome photomicrographs denoted that there was a decrease in NLRP3-positive cells in the control and GIBI groups. The treatment group shows fewer cells compared to that of the VANA group. The treatment group shows fewer cells compared to that of the VANA group. The findings of the study confirmed that ginkgo biloba extract via its flavonoid glycoside fraction has favorable impacts in modulating vanadium-induced brain damage with the potential ability to lower antioxidant levels and reduce neuroinflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7732,"journal":{"name":"AIMS Neuroscience","volume":"10 2","pages":"178-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10323262/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10187520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}