American journal of translational research最新文献

{"title":"PD-1 inhibitor therapy combined with argon-helium cryoablation is effective against non-small cell lung cancer.","authors":"Xuedong Chen, Yan Sun, Yichen Liu, Tongye Zhang, Xuyang Zhang","doi":"10.62347/MBFJ9966","DOIUrl":"10.62347/MBFJ9966","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitor therapy combined with argon-helium cryoablation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 108 NSCLC patients were enrolled. The control group included 52 patients who received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy, while 56 patients received combination therapy with PD-1 inhibitors and argon-helium cryoablation (research group). Treatment efficacy, incidence of adverse events, serum tumor marker levels (carcinoembryonic antigen, cytokeratin fragment 19), and humoral immune function (immunoglobulin (Ig) G, IgM, and IgA), and quality of life (as measured by the Karnofsky Performance Status [KPS]) were compared between the two groups. Independent predictors of treatment response were identified through univariate analysis followed by binary logistic regression. A nomogram was subsequently developed to visualize the risk of treatment failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although the incidence of adverse events was comparable between groups (P>0.05), the research group demonstrated a significantly higher overall response rate (P<0.05). Post-treatment analyses revealed significant reductions in serum tumor markers and increases in immunoglobulin levels and KPS scores in the research group (all P<0.05). Logistic regression identified age ≥55 years (odds ratio [OR]: 2.427) and tumor diameter ≥6.00 cm (OR: 3.394) as independent predictors of poor treatment response (all P<0.05). The nomogram model exhibited moderate discriminative ability, though calibration suggested a tendency to overestimate response rates in the low-risk subgroup.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PD-1 inhibitor therapy combined with argon-helium cryoablation offers a promising and effective treatment strategy for patients with NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6122-6130"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432721/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yin-Yang Harmony Acupuncture Therapy improves facial motor function and resting state facial appearance in peripheral facial paralysis.","authors":"Jingyan Xu, Cheng Li","doi":"10.62347/QJMA1265","DOIUrl":"10.62347/QJMA1265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Peripheral facial paralysis, also known as Bell's palsy, is characterized by acute dysfunction of the facial nerve. Standard treatments like corticosteroids and antiviral agents don't always lead to full recovery. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Yin-Yang Harmony Acupuncture Therapy (YYHAT) in improving facial muscle function and resting state facial appearance in affected patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 202 patients with peripheral facial paralysis who received either conventional acupuncture or YYHAT in conjunction with standard medical treatments. Clinical outcomes were assessed using surface electromyography (sEMG) for muscle latency and amplitude, facial vascular hemodynamics (via Doppler ultrasound), modified Portmann scores, anxiety and depression scales, and patient satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to the conventional group, the YYHAT group demonstrated significantly better improvements in sEMG latency and amplitude for key facial muscles (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Doppler ultrasound revealed increased diastolic end velocity and systolic peak velocity of the facial artery in the YYHAT group (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The YYHAT group also achieved better modified Portmann scores in both facial motor function and resting state appearance. Additionally, patients in the YYHAT group showed greater reductions in anxiety and depression symptoms (<i>P</i> < 0.05) and higher satisfaction with treatment efficacy (<i>P</i> = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Yin-Yang Harmony Acupuncture Therapy significantly enhances both physiological and psychological recovery in patients with peripheral facial paralysis compared to conventional acupuncture.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6203-6213"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432732/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the influence of different stress modes in invisible aligners on anterior teeth retraction.","authors":"Jing Xiong, Ying Zhang, Lei Liu","doi":"10.62347/YGFV7405","DOIUrl":"10.62347/YGFV7405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the effects of different stress application methods of invisible aligners on anterior tooth retraction using three-dimensional finite element analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An adult patient with maxillary protrusion undergoing orthodontic treatment with the extraction of the first premolars was selected for modeling. Five working conditions were simulated: ① Invisible aligner applying force for overall retraction of the maxillary anterior teeth; ② Invisible aligner combined with a micro - implant placed at the canine region's precise cutting site, applying a 1N force for overall anterior retraction; ③ Same as condition 2, with an additional 1 N force applied between the anchorage micro-implant near the maxillary central incisors and the aligner; ④ Invisible aligner applying a 1 N force at the canine region's precise cutting site for overall retraction; ⑤ Invisible aligner applying force combined with power ridge technology for root - controlled retraction of anterior teeth. Displacement and stress measurements-including displacement and stress at the coronal-radicular junction and periodontal ligament, as well as their components along the X (mesiodistal), Y (labiolingual), and Z (vertical) axes under different working conditions-were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Total tooth displacements were similar across all conditions (range: 0.23197-0.23276 mm), with conditions ③ and ⑤ showing slightly lower displacement, though differences were not statistically significant. Stress at the coronal-radicular junction varied between 63.298-63.964 MPa, with conditions ② and ④ exhibiting slightly higher values. Condition ⑤ demonstrated a slight reduction in junction stress (63.703 MPa), attributed to root - control technology. Periodontal ligament stress showed a gradual increase from 0.41426 MPa (condition ①) to 0.41634 MPa (condition ⑤), representing a minimal overall change. Displacement was predominantly along the Y axis (approximately 0.205-0.206 mm), with smaller movements in the X (0.055-0.056 mm) and Z (0.095-0.096 mm) directions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All 5 working conditions produced comparable displacement outcomes, with condition ⑤ offering an advantage in reducing stress at the coronal-radicular junction, suggesting a benefit of root-controlled retraction in clinical application.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6275-6290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of low- and high-temporal-resolution DCE-MRI texture analysis in distinguishing breast lesions from background enhancement.","authors":"Yufeng Liu, Changliang Wang, Jianjun Wu, Fengchun Xiao, Chundan Wang","doi":"10.62347/KKUZ9662","DOIUrl":"10.62347/KKUZ9662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic potential of texture-based analysis of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) for breast lesions and background enhancement (BE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed 62 patients who underwent preoperative high-temporal resolution DCE-MRI (1+26 phases), including 39 malignant and 23 benign lesions. A control group of 78 patients received preoperative low-temporal resolution DCE-MRI (1+5 phases), comprising 46 malignant and 32 benign lesions. All patients also underwent conventional T1WI, T2WI MRI scans, and DCE-MRI. Quantitative parameters were obtained using a two-compartment Extended Tofts model, calculating pharmacokinetic parameters: volume transfer constant (K^trans), rate constant (K_ep), extravascular extracellular volume fraction (V_e), and fractional plasma volume (V_p). Texture features based on the K^trans map were extracted. The region of interest for the lesion center, surrounding peripheral area, and BE was delineated. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the K^trans texture features model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmacokinetic parameters significantly differed between high-temporal resolution and low-temporal resolution DCE-MRI (P < 0.05). In the malignant group, the average K^trans of the lesion area from high-temporal resolution DCE-MRI was significantly correlated with pathological grading (r = 0.400, P = 0.012). There were significant differences in the mean values of K^trans, K_ep, V_e, V_p and time to peak (TTP) between the two DCE-MRI groups across the lesion, peri-lesional, and BE areas. In the differentiation between benign and malignant lesions, ROC analysis demonstrated that high-temporal resolution DCE-MRI provided slight but significant advantages in differentiating benign and malignant lesions in the lesion center, BE areas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Texture analysis based on high-temporal resolution DCE-MRI may potentially improve breast cancer diagnostic performance. Specifically, combining the lesion, BE area, and K^trans-mean parameters contributes to the diagnosis of breast lesions, background enhancement, and the pathological grading of malignant tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6676-6687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432709/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inflammatory mechanisms in diabetic retinopathy: pathogenic roles and therapeutic perspectives.","authors":"Han-Ying Qian, Xiao-Hong Wei, Jin-Ou Huang","doi":"10.62347/GBFO5856","DOIUrl":"10.62347/GBFO5856","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR), a leading cause of global vision impairment, represents one of the most prevalent microvascular complications of diabetes. Numerous studies have confirmed that inflammatory processes and aberrant angiogenesis constitute pivotal pathological mechanisms in DR. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators - including cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules - have been consistently detected in the serum, ocular fluids (aqueous humor and vitreous), retinal tissue, and tear film of DR patients, forming an intricate molecular network that drives disease progression. Importantly, modulation of these inflammatory components demonstrates potential to attenuate both vascular abnormalities and neurodegeneration in DR. This mechanistic understanding positions inflammation as a promising therapeutic target, highlighting the need for further investigation into anti-inflammatory strategies for DR management.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6262-6274"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the role of LRRCl5 as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in glioblastoma.","authors":"Zhixian Wan, Wenlai Wang, Shiqi Peng, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.62347/WKTK8811","DOIUrl":"10.62347/WKTK8811","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary brain tumor, characterized by rapid progression and poor prognosis. Identifying novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is crucial for improving GBM outcomes. This study aimed to explore the expression, prognostic value, therapeutic significance, and functional role of Leucine-Rich Repeat Containing 15 (LRRC15) in GBM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized data from multiple online databases to analyze LRRC15 expression and its prognostic significance. Mutational and methylation profiles were examined, followed by survival analyses. Experimental validation was conducted using reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting in GBM cell lines. Functional assays, including colony formation, proliferation, and wound healing, were used to assess the effects of LRRC15 knockdown.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LRRC15 expression was significantly elevated in GBM. High LRRC15 levels were associated with shorter overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in GBM patients. Methylation analysis indicated that promoter hypermethylation may regulate LRRC15 expression. Knockdown of LRRC15 in GBM cell lines led to reduced cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration, along with a reversal of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), characterized by decreased N-cadherin and vimentin and increased E-cadherin expression.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>LRRC15 is highly expressed in GBM and correlates with poor patient prognosis. Its role in enhancing cell proliferation, migration, and EMT suggests that LRRC15 contributes to GBM aggressiveness. These findings highlight LRRC15 as a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target for GBM, warranting further investigation into LRRC15-targeted therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6522-6541"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432708/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case report of a CRYGS gene mutation in a patient with congenital cataracts and secondary glaucoma.","authors":"Wan Li, Fei Chen","doi":"10.62347/ENMU6061","DOIUrl":"10.62347/ENMU6061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital cataracts are a major cause of visual impairment in infants and young children, with glaucoma being a frequent complication after cataract surgery. Here, we report a case of congenital cataracts accompanied by secondary glaucoma following surgery and we preliminarily investigate the genetic etiology. Comprehensive physical examination was performed, and genomic DNA extracted from the patient's was subjected to exome sequencing. A heterozygous variant of uncertain significance in the <i>CRYGS</i> gene (c.409T>C: p.Trp137Arg), associated with autosomal dominant polymorphic cataract, was identified. Familial segregation analysis indicated maternal inheritance, with a 50% transmission risk to future offspring.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6257-6261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of mammographic and ultrasonic signatures for differentiating benign and malignant breast structural distortions.","authors":"Lijing Zhang, Kai Yang, Cong Chen, Xi Wu, Guang Yang","doi":"10.62347/KETB2223","DOIUrl":"10.62347/KETB2223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic performance of mammography and ultrasonography in distinguishing benign from malignant breast structural distortions and to develop an integrated predictive model combining radiomic features and molecular markers for improved risk stratification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 260 patients with histopathologically confirmed breast structural distortions (156 malignant, 104 benign). Lesions were characterized using Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) criteria. Radiomic features were extracted with PyRadiomics, harmonized via ComBat, and selected using Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO) regression. A predictive model incorporated imaging features, molecular markers (vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], transforming growth factor-β1 [TGF-β1]), and clinical variables. Diagnostic accuracy was assessed by sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and decision curve analysis, with subgroup analyses by age, menopausal status, and breast density.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Malignant distortions showed higher rates of spiculated margins (82.1% vs. 16.3%, P<0.001) and hypoechoic irregular masses (78.2% vs. 27.9%, P<0.001). Combined mammography-ultrasound assessment improved diagnostic performance (AUC 0.91) versus single modalities (mammography 0.79; ultrasound 0.82). The radiomic-molecular model further enhanced accuracy (AUC 0.94) and reduced unnecessary biopsies by 32%. Spiculation complexity and VEGF overexpression were independent predictors of lymphovascular invasion and lower 5-year disease-free survival (68% vs. 89%, P=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Integrating mammography, ultrasonography, and radiomic-pathologic markers significantly improves differentiation of malignant breast distortions and supports personalized prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"6214-6224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decoding hub gene networks and miRNA interplay in Wilms tumor pathogenesis and therapeutic sensitivity.","authors":"Weiwei Peng, Muhammad Haider, Salam Adil Ahmed, Rong Wang, Naeem Ul Haq, Muhammad Sohaib Aslam, Majid Alhomrani, Ahmad A Alghamdi, Abdullah A Alqasem, Jamil A Samkari, Ahmed M Basri, Muhammad Jamil","doi":"10.62347/SLUH3891","DOIUrl":"10.62347/SLUH3891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to explore the expression and functional significance of hub genes in Wilms tumors and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gene expression data from Wilms tumors and normal control samples were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package in R, followed by Venn diagram analysis to identify common DEGs. STRING and Cytoscape were employed to construct a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and identify hub genes. Cell culture of five Wilms tumor cell lines and normal controls was performed to validate gene expression. Functional assays including proliferation, colony formation, and wound healing assays were conducted to assess the impact of SLC12A3 and GSTM3 overexpression. Immune infiltration analysis was carried out using ssGSEA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified SLC12A3, CLCNKB, REN, and GSTM3 as hub genes with significant down-regulation across Wilms tumor cell lines and normal controls. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that the expression of these genes was associated with altered levels of immune cell populations, such as activated dendritic cells, CD8+ T cells, macrophages, and NK cells. GSTM3 overexpression enhanced the inflammatory response and reduced DNA damage, indicated by lower γ-H2AX expression. Functional assays showed that induction of SLC12A3 and GSTM3 overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SLC12A3, CLCNKB, REN, and GSTM3 hub genes play key roles in regulating cellular functions and the immune microenvironment in Wilms tumors. Therefore, these genes could serve as potential biomarker and therapeutic targets in Wilms tumor patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"5896-5913"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical significance of serum interleukin-4, interleukin-12, interleukin-13, and transforming growth factor-β levels in children with sleep-disordered breathing.","authors":"Yijie Du, Xiaoli Dai, Yuzhu Jiang, Jinmei Ren, Yang Wang, Yulong Jiang","doi":"10.62347/YMVG7620","DOIUrl":"10.62347/YMVG7620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the clinical significance of serum interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-12, IL-13, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels in children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 107 children with SDB (research group) and 75 healthy children (control group) were enrolled. Serum cytokine levels were measured in all participants. Receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were used to evaluate diagnostic efficacy. Spearman correlation analysis was applied to assess the relationship between cytokine levels and disease severity, while Pearson correlation examined associations with sleep-related parameters, including microarousal index (ArI), apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), lowest arterial oxygen saturation (LSaO₂), and mean oxygen saturation (MSaO₂). Changes in cytokine levels before and after surgery were also analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, children in the SDB group exhibited significantly higher levels of IL-4, IL-13, TGF-β, ArI, and AHI, and lower levels of IL-12, LSaO₂, and MSaO₂ (all P<0.05). Serum cytokine levels were significantly correlated with sleep-related parameters (all P<0.05). The combined diagnostic model (IL-4+IL-12+IL-13+TGF-β) yielded an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.880, outperforming individual markers (AUC range: 0.714-0.741). Disease severity was negatively correlated with IL-12 (r=-0.381) and positively correlated with IL-4, IL-13, and TGF-β (r=0.338-0.434; all P<0.001). After surgery, IL-4, IL-13, and TGF-β levels decreased, while IL-12 levels increased significantly (all P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Serum levels of IL-4, IL-12, IL-13, and TGF-β may serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, severity assessment, and therapeutic monitoring of SDB in children.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 8","pages":"5928-5938"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12432758/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145063188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}