American journal of translational research最新文献

{"title":"Implications of Krüppel-like factor signaling in neuroinflammation for neurodegenerative diseases.","authors":"Sarah Velez, Ebaa Ababneh, Kiminobu Sugaya, Jihe Zhao","doi":"10.62347/MIHM9413","DOIUrl":"10.62347/MIHM9413","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) pose a formidable challenge in modern healthcare and are characterized by progressive neuronal dysfunction and loss. Emerging research underscores the intricate interplay between neuroinflammation and mechanisms underlying ND pathogenesis. This review delves into the complex role of Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) in the context of neuroinflammation and major NDs. KLFs exert diverse effects in the brain on cellular processes such as blood-brain barrier integrity, neuronal cell cycle progression, and glial cell activation. Modulation of KLF expression and signaling emerges as a promising strategy to mitigate ND progression. By elucidating KLFs' multifaceted implications across diverse pathways and cellular processes implicated in ND progression, this review offers valuable insights into their therapeutic potential as targets for NDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"3009-3030"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nicotine replacement therapy: insights into the mechanisms and potential of nicotine receptor pathway.","authors":"Nishant Patidar, Archana M Navale, Nitesh Parsaila, Dinesh Sharma, Prachi Nahar, Sagar Shinde, Nilay Solanki, Ajay Shelke","doi":"10.62347/MOBZ7773","DOIUrl":"10.62347/MOBZ7773","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nicotine addiction is a complex phenomenon entwined with intricate mechanisms within the nicotine receptor pathway. This review offers an insightful exploration of this multifaceted landscape, delving into the interplay between nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and their pivotal role in neurotransmission. The structural and functional aspects of nAChRs, their distribution within the peripheral and central nervous systems, and their involvement in modulating diverse signalling cascades are reviewed. The clinical implications of nicotine addiction and the challenges in smoking cessation are also explored. Nicotine Replacement Therapy (NRT) drugs, designed to alleviate withdrawal symptoms and aid in smoking cessation, are critically evaluated. This article synthesizes current research findings on the efficacy, safety, and limitations of various NRT modalities. Furthermore, emerging pharmacotherapeutic strategies and novel molecules aimed at optimizing NRT outcomes are discussed. The potential of leveraging a deeper understanding of the nicotine receptor pathway to develop more targeted and efficacious NRT interventions is emphasized. The exploration of adjunct therapies and combination approaches to enhance the success rates of smoking cessation is also addressed. Through a synthesis of preclinical and clinical evidence, this article aims to provide a comprehensive resource for researchers, clinicians, and policymakers working towards advancing the field of nicotine addiction treatment. As the global effort to combat tobacco-related health challenges intensifies, a nuanced understanding of the nicotine receptor pathway and its therapeutic implications becomes increasingly imperative.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2396-2410"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082489/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictive value of lipid levels in coronary heart disease in elderly hypertensive patients.","authors":"Xiumei Li, Jiehua Li","doi":"10.62347/WHEI2429","DOIUrl":"10.62347/WHEI2429","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the predictive value of lipid levels for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in elderly hypertensive patients and to establish a prediction model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 428 elderly hypertensive patients attending the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between January 2021 and December 2023 were retrospectively collected. Patients were categorized into CHD and non-CHD groups based on the presence of comorbid CHD. Risk factors were identified using logistic regression, and a clinical prediction model was constructed. Model discrimination and calibration were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and the Hosmer-Lemeshow test. Decision curve analysis (DCA) was used to assess the clinical application value of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Advanced age, smoking, hypertension duration >10 years, and abnormal total cholesterol (TC) were independently associated with an increased risk of CHD in elderly hypertensive patients. In addition, there was a trend linking abnormalities in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] with higher CHD risk in this population. The developed clinical prediction model showed good discrimination (AUC=0.71) and calibration (P=0.907). The model's accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 0.69, 0.72, 0.60, 0.82, and 0.46, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Abnormal lipid levels are independent predictors of increased CHD risk in elderly hypertensive patients. The prediction model developed in this study holds clinical value in assessing CHD risk, enabling early identification of high-risk patients and the development of individualized preventive strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2754-2763"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of blood glucose level for predicting the degree of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular adverse events in diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome.","authors":"Yang Li, Jingyuan Jiang, Nan Xie, Wei Zhang","doi":"10.62347/AQXW7292","DOIUrl":"10.62347/AQXW7292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the predictive value of blood glucose level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) concerning the degree of coronary artery disease and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on 104 T2DM patients with ACS who visited West China Hospital, Sichuan University, from August 2020 to March 2024. Based on the Gensini score, patients were categorized into mild (0-30 points), moderate (31-59 points), and severe (≥60 points) groups. Additionally, patients were divided into MACE and non-MACE groups based on the occurrence of MACE. General information, blood glucose levels, and coronary angiography results were collected, along with six-month follow-up data. The predictive value of blood glucose levels for the severity of coronary artery disease and cardiovascular adverse events was analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were significant differences in the levels of glycosylated serum protein (GSP), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index among patients with varying degrees of coronary artery disease (<i>P</i><0.05), with levels increasing in line with disease severity. The MACE group exhibited generally higher levels of GSP, IGF-1, and TyG compared to the non-MACE group (<i>P</i><0.05). ROC curve analysis revealed that the area under the curve (AUC) for GSP, IGF-1, and TyG for predicting severe coronary artery disease were 0.861, 0.936, and 0.896, respectively, and for predicting MACE occurrence were 0.738, 0.814, and 0.710, respectively (<i>P</i><0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Blood glucose levels in T2DM patients with ACS have predictive value for both the severity of coronary artery disease and the occurrence of MACE. Measurement of GSP, IGF-1, and TyG is clinically significant for assessing prognosis and developing treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"3179-3188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of concentrated growth factor combined with Bio-Oss bone powder on guided bone regeneration in the maxillary posterior region.","authors":"Zhe Cheng, Yili Pan, Qin Pan","doi":"10.62347/LGVQ8407","DOIUrl":"10.62347/LGVQ8407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical effects of concentrated growth factor (CGF) combined with Bio-Oss bone powder on guided bone regeneration for the maxillary posterior region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 32 patients with missing maxillary posterior teeth and severe alveolar ridge atrophy requiring implant restoration for retrospective analysis. Sixteen patients received CGF combined with Bio-Oss treatment (CGF/Bio group), while the remaining 16 received Bio-Oss treatment only (Bio group). The Bio group used Bio-Oss bone powder directly. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed preoperatively and at 2, 4, and 6 months postoperatively to evaluate bone mineral density (HU values). The implant retention rate, soft tissue healing time, postoperative pain, and swelling were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 1-year implant retention rate was 100% in the CGF/Bio group and 81.25% in the Bio group (P = 0.054). Soft tissue healing time was significantly shorter in the CGF/Bio group (P = 0.122). Bone density was significantly higher in the CGF/Bio group at 2, 4, and 6 months postoperatively (P < 0.05). Postoperative pain and swelling were significantly lower in the CGF/Bio group (P = 0.008 and P = 0.014, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined application of CGF and Bio-Oss bone powder in maxillary sinus external lift demonstrates superior clinical outcomes, offering improved bone augmentation and enhanced postoperative healing compared to Bio-Oss bone powder alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2552-2561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082534/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical benefits of evolocumab in diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing PCI: a retrospective study.","authors":"Wei Li, Yi Li, Chen Liu, Jinghao Yuan, Weize Fan, Qing Miao, Xinshun Gu","doi":"10.62347/DYYM9265","DOIUrl":"10.62347/DYYM9265","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>It was unclear whether the clinical benefit of evolocumab extended to diabetic patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in China. In this study, the safety and efficacy of evolocumab in treating diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing PCI was assessed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted involving 184 diabetic patients with STEMI PCI. The patients were assigned to either the evolocumab group or the control (Ctrl) group based on whether they were treated with evolocumab. After six months of treatment and 12 months of follow-up, the primary efficacy endpoint, blood lipid levels, and adverse events were evaluated. Additionally, a prognostic model was developed to examine the relationship between evolocumab intervention and primary efficacy endpoint.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blood lipid levels and intima-media thickness decreased significantly and the LVEF levels increased significantly in patients after treatment with evolocumab compared to those in patients after administering a standard therapy. Treatment with evolocumab also led to a significant reduction in the primary efficacy endpoint. Moreover, no difference in the incidence of adverse reactions was recorded between the groups. The prognostic model constructed showed that evolocumab intervention was a protective factor for the primary efficacy endpoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Administering evolocumab had greater benefits for diabetic patients with STEMI undergoing PCI. Our findings might encourage doctors to consider use evolocumab to reduce the risk of future cardiovascular events in diabetic patients with STEMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2513-2526"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of warm silver needle acupuncture combined with myofascial trigger point intervention on peripheral neutrophil autophagy and alleviation of chronic pelvic pain in women.","authors":"Fubo Tian, Yu Cao, Yaojun Lu, Zixuan Ren, Shen Sun, Jianhua Xia","doi":"10.62347/BZLD8847","DOIUrl":"10.62347/BZLD8847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the single and combined therapeutic effects of warm silver needle acupuncture and myofascial trigger point (MTrP) intervention on chronic pelvic pain (CPP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CPP patients underwent treatment with warm silver needle acupuncture and/or MTrP intervention, and the therapeutic efficacy of each method was evaluated. Peripheral blood neutrophil autophagy and related plasma inflammatory factors, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings indicated that both warm silver needle acupuncture and MTrP intervention significantly relieved CPP-associated pain and substantially improved patients' physical and mental health. Notably, compared with healthy controls, increased neutrophil autophagy and elevated plasma inflammatory factor levels were observed in CPP patients. These changes were inhibited by both single and combined treatment modalities. The combined treatment exhibited particularly remarkable efficacy, conferring additional benefits in pain relief and overall well-being improvement for women with CPP. The levels of all inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and MCP-1) in the combined intervention group were significantly lower than those in the single intervention groups (all P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Warm silver needle acupuncture and MTrP intervention effectively alleviate CPP by modulating neutrophil autophagy and inflammatory factors, and their combination yields enhanced therapeutic benefits for women with CPP.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2885-2897"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082555/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture for recovery of gastrointestinal function after laparoscopic hysterectomy surgery: a prospective, randomized, controlled trial.","authors":"Zhi-Man Huang, Yong Wang, Mu-Chu Ni, Li Deng, Yong-Zhou Wang","doi":"10.62347/WNTO7078","DOIUrl":"10.62347/WNTO7078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of electroacupuncture (EA) in improving gastrointestinal peristalsis after laparoscopic surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center, two-arm, prospective randomized trial in which patients were randomly allocated in a 1:1 ratio into two groups after surgery at the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Southwest Medical University, China. Members of both groups consented to standard postoperative treatment, and the intervention group received EA treatment starting 3-5 hours after surgery, as well as in the morning and afternoon on the first postoperative day. Defecation and flatus times were the co-primary outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 88 patients who completed the outcome measurements, 43 patients were allocated to the intervention group and 45 to the control group. The mean (SD) time to first flatus was 36.4 (8.0) hours and 42.2 (8.5) hours in the intervention and control groups, respectively (HR 1.9, 95% CI, 1.2-2.9; P < 0.001). The mean (SD) time to first defecation was 46.0 (8.0) hours and 51.3 (9.4) hours in the intervention and control groups, respectively (HR 1.9, 95% CI, 1.2-3.0; P = 0.01). The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) pain scores and Intake, Feeling nauseated, Emesis, Examination, and Duration of symptoms (I-FEED) scores were significantly lower in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>EA demonstrates promising effects in accelerating the recovery of GI function and has potential for widespread adoption across diverse healthcare systems globally. However, its exact mechanism requires further in-depth research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2743-2753"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic effects of mecobalamin combined with epalrestat on diabetic peripheral neuropathy: reduction of inflammatory factors and improvement in electromyogram indices.","authors":"Lu Song, Jing Ye, Qun Cheng","doi":"10.62347/XUBX8834","DOIUrl":"10.62347/XUBX8834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the clinical efficacy of mecobalamin combined with epalrestat in treating diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and its effects on inflammatory factors and electromyogram (EMG) indices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 100 DPN patients treated at Quzhou Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Quzhou People's Hospital between June 2021 and December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, the control group was 45 patients treated with mecobalamin alone. 55 patients treated with epalrestat, in addition to mecobalamin, were the observation group. Outcomes compared between the two groups included the changes in inflammatory factors, EMG indices, oxidative stress markers, blood glucose levels before and after treatment, clinical efficacy, and the incidence of adverse reactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The observation group showed a significantly higher overall response rate than the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observation group exhibited lower levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) than control group (all P<0.05). The observation group also demonstrated higher motor nerve conduction velocity (MCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) of the median nerve and nervus peronaeus communis compared to the control group (all P<0.05). Additionally, the observation group showed lower levels of propylene glycol and higher levels of superoxide dismutase compared to the control group (both P<0.05). Fasting blood glucose and 2-hour postprandial blood glucose levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Both groups exhibited a decrease in Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Scores post-treatment compared to pre-treatment, with the observation group scoring lower than the control group (P<0.05). No difference was found between the 2 groups in the incidence of adverse reactions (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Mecobalamin combined with epalrestat substantially alleviates DPN, improves electromyogram indices, and reduces inflammatory factors and oxidative stress response, without increasing adverse reactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"2898-2906"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082505/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration combined with Lambert-Eaton myasthenia gravis syndrome in a patient positive for SOX1 antibody.","authors":"Xianzhu Zeng, Qian Li, Qing Chen, Chunyue Guo, Ruixian Wang, Ting Zhang, Ying Xu, Chensijia Zhang, Nan Wang, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.62347/NHTJ8584","DOIUrl":"10.62347/NHTJ8584","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS) is a complex condition that worsens the quality of life of patients. It presents diverse clinical manifestations and can be challenging to diagnose. The role of the SOX1 antibody in PNS has been gaining attention, but clinicians frequently lack an understanding of PNS cases with positive antibody results and complex symptoms. This lack of understanding can lead to misdiagnosis and missed diagnoses. In this report, we present a typical case to highlight the importance of considering PNS when patients present with cerebellar lesions, symptoms resembling Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), signs of peripheral nerve injury, or subclinical evidence. Recognizing these indicators of PNS is crucial for improving early diagnosis and patient prognosis. By sharing this case, our goal is to increase awareness of these unique PNS cases and provide insight for diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7731,"journal":{"name":"American journal of translational research","volume":"17 4","pages":"3001-3008"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144092666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}