{"title":"Enhancing anion conductivity in a highly alkali-stable eta topologic Cu(I) framework via strong electrostatic repulsion","authors":"Xiao-Lu Wang, Shaohui Guo, Chao Suo, Fu-Qiang Zhang, Jun-Hao Wang, Wenjing Wang, Daqiang Yuan, Linfeng Liang, Xian-Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2464-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2464-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) based on anion exchange membranes (AEMs) have garnered considerable interest, particularly for their potential to enhance ion conductivity by pre-introducing anions into MOFs. This approach is recognized as straightforward and effective for improving ion conductivity. However, developing high-performance AEMs is limited by the inherent instability and low resistance of MOFs. This study presents a novel 1,3,5-triazine <i>μ</i><sub>3</sub>-bridged neutral Cu(I) framework, designated <b>SXU-120</b> (where <b>SXU</b> represents Shanxi University). This framework is synthesized using melamine, a widely available industrial product, as the starting material, achieving a high space-time yield exceeding 1.1 kg m<sup>−3</sup> day<sup>−1</sup>. The organic ligands and metal ions in <b>SXU-120</b> are 3-connected, forming a rare <b>eta</b> topology with the point symbol 8<sup>3</sup>. <b>SXU-120</b> exhibits exceptional stability, even in a 10 M KOH solution, due to its high density of uncoordinated–NH<sub>2</sub> and carbonyl groups. Furthermore, the framework’s unique one-dimensional channels, characterized by their electronegativity, interact electrostatically with OH<sup>−</sup> ions, thereby accelerating OH<sup>−</sup> ion transfer along these channels. Consequently, the OH<sup>−</sup> conductivity of this material reaches an impressive 0.49 S cm<sup>−1</sup> at 90 °C under full humidity for 100 h, representing the highest OH<sup>−</sup> conductivity reported for MOF-based conductors to date. These properties make <b>SXU-120</b> a promising candidate for efficient AEM materials in next generation industrial applications.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 3","pages":"980 - 986"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiple dynamic bonds enable high mechanical strength and efficient room-temperature self-healable polyurethane for triboelectric nanogenerators","authors":"Wenwen Zhang, Huixia Xuan, Xiaofei Xu, Jiaming Lou, Qingbao Guan, Zhengwei You","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2298-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2298-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For room temperature self-healing triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), the inherent contradiction between mechanical strength and self-healing properties was an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the phenol-carbamate bond, this paper proposed a strategy to design a new molecular structure and coordinate the triple dynamic bonds, which provided a feasible strategy to solve this contradiction. With polytetramethylene ether glycol (<i>M</i><sub>n</sub> = 1,000) as the soft segment in the main chain of polyurethane (PU), meanwhile methylene diphenyl diisocyanate and 4,4′-dihydroxybiphenyl (BP) as the hard segment and chain extension agent, respectively, the combination of tetrad benzene ring endowed the resultant 4BP-PU with π-π interaction. The effective reversible dissociation and association with hydrogen bond not only bestowed 4BP-PU with high mechanical strength (16.14 MPa), but also promoted high self-healing efficiency (94.8%) at room temperature. 4BP-PU was selected as the elastic substrate between polydimethylsiloxane and copper sheet to prepare a self-healing TENG to collect energy from natural motion. Consequently, the rational molecular structure design provided new ideas for developing self-healing materials and fabricating energy harvest electronics.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 4","pages":"1468 - 1477"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rapid and high-resolution 3D printing via photoacid generator induced cationic RAFT polymerization","authors":"Bowen Zhao, Jiajia Li, Chongyang Yang, Xiangqiang Pan, Zhengbiao Zhang, Jian Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2422-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2422-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vinyl ethers, while being typical monomers for living cationic polymerization, have limited commercial use due to the poor mechanical properties of their polymers at room temperature. We explored the use of photoacid generators to induce cationic reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization for the rapid high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) printing of various vinyl ethers. The process demonstrated controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions (MWD), with monomer conversions exceeding 90% in minutes. Incorporating a crosslinker enabled 3D printing at speeds up to 8.46 cm h<sup>−1</sup> with layer thicknesses as thin as 50 µm. The mechanical properties of the printed objects were tunable by adjusting resin components, allowing for a range of material characteristics from brittle to elastomeric (tensile strength ranging from 13.9 to 31.7 MPa, Young’s modulus ranging from 185.6 to 992.7 MPa and elongation at break ranging from 2.8% to 68.3%). Moreover, polymer welding facilitated the creation of gradient materials, showcasing the potential for engineered applications of poly(vinyl ethers) (PVEs).</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 5","pages":"2010 - 2016"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Carbon dots self-assembly enables near-infrared emission","authors":"Shurong Ding, Shasha Liu, Yuzhuo Yang, Linlin Shi, Yongqiang Zhang, Jingkun Yu, Haoqiang Song, Yingge Shi, Siyu Lu","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2308-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2308-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the fields of biomedicine, detection, and anti-counterfeiting, there is a widespread demand for cost-effective, easily synthesized, and environmentally friendly near-infrared (NIR) materials. Carbon dots (CDs), a cheap and non-toxic zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial exhibiting exceptional photoluminescence (PL) properties and facile structural modification, have emerged as a promising candidate for the development of novel NIR materials. This study presents the synthesis of CDs capable of emitting a wide range of wavelengths from blue to NIR (456–836 nm) as their concentrations increase. The incorporation of oxygen and nitrogen co-doped atoms facilitates the optimization of non-coplanar angles, thereby promoting favorable π-π stacking interactions. This leads to the formation of metal-free rigid clusters through interconnecting adjacent nanoparticles in a gear-like meshing pattern through self-assembly. Consequently, intramolecular motion is constrained, vibration coupling is mitigated, non-radiative transition losses are minimized, and efficient NIR emission from CD clusters in high concentrations is ensured. Furthermore, NIR light-emitting diode (NIR LED) based on the CD clusters was successfully fabricated and employed for various applications including information encryption, anti-counterfeiting, and penetration detection in the field of NIR imaging.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 5","pages":"1980 - 1990"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Activatable chemiluminescence probe based on four-arm PEG-conjugated-pyropheophorbide-a for in vivo autofluorescence-free imaging of peroxynitrite","authors":"Jianmei Ke, Lei Ding, Ronggui Lian, Cheng Zheng, Wenjun Li, Aixian Zheng, Yupeng Sun, Ming Wu, Yongyi Zeng, Xiaolong Liu, Maochun Hong, Xiaolong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2360-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2360-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peroxynitrite (ONOO<sup>−</sup>) is a highly reactive nitrogen species that plays pivotal roles in cell signal transduction and physiological or pathological progresses. However, commonly used ONOO<sup>−</sup> optical imaging probes are still hampered by high background/autofluorescence (fluorescence probe), short emission wavelength, or poor selectivity in the case of chemiluminescence. Herein, we report a facile method to prepare an activatable chemiluminescence probe (PPA-PEG) with good biocompatibility and functionality for <i>in vivo</i> autofluorescence-free imaging of ONOO<sup>−</sup>. The PPA-PEG consists of pyropheophorbide-a (PPA), a typical deep red photosensitizer that acts as both the recognition and signaling element, and 4-arm poly(ethylene glycol) (4-arm PEG), which improves the biosafety and water solubility of probe. These components can self-assemble into nanoparticles (namely PPA-PEG nanoprobe) in aqueous solution. The PPA-PEG nanoprobe showed an ultra-low chemiluminescence signal before interacting with ONOO<sup>−</sup>, but exhibited good selectivity, high sensitivity and a fast response toward ONOO<sup>−</sup>. The PPA-PEG was successfully applied to image cellular ONOO<sup>−</sup> changes, as well as the endogenous ONOO<sup>−</sup> changes in inflammation models and subcutaneous or orthotopic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumors models in living mice. <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> studies verified the good detection and imaging capabilities of PPA-PEG for peroxynitrite, demonstrating suitable tissue penetration and a high signal-to-background ratio (SBR). Thus, our nanoprobe can serve as a valuable activatable chemiluminescence imaging tool for studying important peroxynitrite-related chemical and biological applications.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 5","pages":"2125 - 2137"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"All-day solar power generation enabled by photo/thermoelectric conversion and thermal energy storage","authors":"Zijian Liu, Chengzhi Chen, Junda Liu, Qi Sun, Bingchen Huo, Chunyu Du, Guangming Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2336-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2336-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thermoelectric materials hold promises for direct conversion of heat into electricity, making them viable power sources for electronic devices. However, their practical applications in diverse outdoor environment are hindered by limited and discontinuous electricity output. In this study, we propose an all-day solar power generator to achieve highly efficient and continuous electricity generation by harnessing the synergistic effects of photoelectric-thermoelectric conversion and latent thermal energy storage. The all-day solar power generator exhibits an average open-circuit voltage of 6.8 mV during daylight and a remaining 0.9 mV during nighttime. Importantly, the all-day solar power generator achieves dependable outdoor power supply for communication transmission in diverse environmental scenarios. Our research opens a new way for highly efficient and sustainable power generation.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 5","pages":"2035 - 2043"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jie Zhang, Yi Chen, Guijun Li, Zelin Sun, Zhengong Meng, Wai-Yeung Wong
{"title":"Nanoimprint lithography-assisted block copolymer self-assembly for hyperfine fabrication of magnetic patterns based on L10-FePt nanoparticles","authors":"Jie Zhang, Yi Chen, Guijun Li, Zelin Sun, Zhengong Meng, Wai-Yeung Wong","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2333-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2333-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>L1<sub>0</sub>-FePt-type bit-patterned media has provided a promising alternative for ultrahigh-density magnetic recording systems in the current digital era, but rapid fabrication of magnetic patterns with hyperfine bit islands is still challenging, especially with the target for miniaturization and scalable production simultaneously. Herein, Fe,Pt-containing block copolymers were utilized as single-source precursors for solution-processable patterning and subsequent generation of the demanding magnetic FePt dots by <i>in situ</i> pyrolysis. High-throughput nanoimprint lithography was initially employed to fabricate the predefined bit cells precisely, and then the intrinsic self-assembly of phase-separated block copolymers further drove the formation of accurate bit islands. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of top-down lithographic approach and bottom-up self-assembly, the customizable patterns could be achieved for large-scale mass production in targeted areas, but high-density isolated dots could also be accurately aligned along the patterned features after subsequent self-assembly. This reliable strategy would provide a good avenue to precisely construct ultrahigh-density magnetic data storage devices.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 5","pages":"2027 - 2034"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11426-024-2333-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rational design of lipid-activatable NIR-II probes for precisely imaging atherosclerotic plaque","authors":"Xinyu Xu, Yuan Ma, Hui Cao, Li Xu, Haoming Chen, Sulai Liu, Wei Sun, Guosheng Song, Xiao-Bing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11426-024-2361-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11426-024-2361-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atherosclerosis (AS) is a prevalent condition associated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, featuring lipid-laden plaque; however, the insufficient resolution and low sensitivity of traditional medical imaging techniques limit their application in lipid imaging. Currently, the second near-infrared (NIR-II) fluorescence imaging offers promising sensitivity and convenience. However, existing probes have limitations in terms of signal-to-background ratio, penetration depth, and tissue scattering. Herein, we use a molecular regulatory strategy to design a lipid-activatable probe Rh-965 with high specificity and NIR-II emission for improved imaging potential in deep tissues. The potential of Rh-965 for imaging plaque lipids in mice with AS is demonstrated by localizing carotid artery plaques using NIR-II imaging. The development of more stable lipid-activated NIR-II probes can significantly enhance atherosclerosis diagnosis and facilitate <i>in vivo</i> imaging in deeper tissues.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":772,"journal":{"name":"Science China Chemistry","volume":"68 5","pages":"2138 - 2145"},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143919193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}