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Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)最新文献

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New contributions to the wall polysaccharide structure of vegetative mycelium and fruit body cell walls of Agaricus bisporus. 双孢蘑菇营养菌丝和果体细胞壁多糖结构的新研究。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
M Calonje, C García Mendoza, M Novaes-Ledieu
{"title":"New contributions to the wall polysaccharide structure of vegetative mycelium and fruit body cell walls of Agaricus bisporus.","authors":"M Calonje,&nbsp;C García Mendoza,&nbsp;M Novaes-Ledieu","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Significant differences in chemical composition and structure of wall polysaccharides were found in Agaricus bisporus vegetative mycelium in comparison with the fruit body mycelium. Chemical fractionation of the walls demonstrated distinct percentages of the successively solubilized polysaccharides in both walls, and different proportions of their respective sugar monomers. Permethylation of isolated fractions also showed striking differences relative to the sugar linkages between the two types of walls studied. Furthermore, infrared spectrophotometry exhibited a distinct polysaccharidic configuration in several fractions. All the described differences were correlated with the transition of vegetative mycelial walls to the fruiting stage of differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"599-606"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19979460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wastewater treatment and elimination of pathogens: new prospects for an old problem. 废水处理与病原体消除:老问题新展望。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
J M López-Pila, H Dizer, W Dorau
{"title":"Wastewater treatment and elimination of pathogens: new prospects for an old problem.","authors":"J M López-Pila,&nbsp;H Dizer,&nbsp;W Dorau","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although the development of wastewater treatment technology is more than one hundred years old, most wastewater treatment plants existing today do not eliminate pathogens satisfactorily. Even in highly developed nations, receiving waters, serving in many cases as drinking water resources, are contaminated with pathogens. Surface waters also contain large concentration of phosphate due to long lasting wastewater discharges. Cyanobacteria and algal overgrowth is the consequence. Present drinking water technology only partially overcomes the pollution; it can not be ruled out that drinking water originating from polluted resources contains pathogens. This situation frequently goes on unnoticed because current indicator organisms are not representative for all pathogens. As studies have shown that small concentrations of pathogens also pose a risk for the consumer health, this state of affairs is a matter of concern. Microfiltration technology is able to significantly eliminate bacteria and protists from wastewater. Viruses, although smaller than the pore size of the filters, are reduced too because, in wastewater, they are frequently bound to larger particles. If the microfiltration of wastewater is preceded by the addition of coagulants for the precipitation of phosphate, the precipitate will be retained by the filter. The effluent obtained contains very low concentrations of phosphate. As viruses also adsorb to the precipitate, the amount of viruses eliminated increases and with increasing amounts of coagulant they become undetectable.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"525-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19977525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
New molecular methods for the detection of hepatitis A and Norwalk viruses in shellfish. 甲肝和诺瓦克病毒在贝类中检测的新分子方法。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
J L Romalde
{"title":"New molecular methods for the detection of hepatitis A and Norwalk viruses in shellfish.","authors":"J L Romalde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Outbreaks of viral enteric diseases after consumption of shellfish are a major health risk. Methodological problems (such as toxicity for cell cultures and low viral concentrations) and the unculturability of some strains (i.e. hepatitis A virus, Norwalk virus) have made it difficult to study those viruses in the environmental samples. Currently, the analysis of the hygienic quality of marketable shellfish is determined by the use of fecal indicator bacteria, but their reliability in determining viral pollution of shellfish is very low. Recent biotechnology developments are providing available rapid, sensitive, and specific tools for detecting food-borne viruses in shellfish and in shellfish-growing waters. In this paper, a review of these new molecular methods is carried out, discussing their advantages and possible applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"547-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19977527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Purification and properties of beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans. 竹节曲霉β -半乳糖苷酶的纯化及性质研究。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
M Díaz, A M Pedregosa, J R de Lucas, S Torralba, I F Monistrol, F Laborda
{"title":"Purification and properties of beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus nidulans.","authors":"M Díaz,&nbsp;A M Pedregosa,&nbsp;J R de Lucas,&nbsp;S Torralba,&nbsp;I F Monistrol,&nbsp;F Laborda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Beta-Galactosidase from mycelial extract of Aspergillus nidulans has been purified by substrate affinity chromatography and used to obtain anti-beta-galactosidase polyclonal antibodies. A. nidulans growing in lactose as carbon source synthesizes one active form of beta-galactosidase which seems to be a multimeric enzyme of 450 kDa composed of monomers with 120 and 97 kDa. Although the enzyme was not released to the culture medium, some enzymatic activity was detected in a cell-wall extract, thus suggesting that it can be an extracellular enzyme. Beta-Galactosidase of A. nidulans is a very unstable enzyme with an optimum pH value of 7.5 and an optimum temperature of 30 degrees C. It was only active against beta-galactoside substrates like lactose and p-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactoside (PNPG).</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"585-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19979458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fungal siderophores in plant-microbe interactions. 植物与微生物相互作用中的真菌铁载体。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
M Riquelme
{"title":"Fungal siderophores in plant-microbe interactions.","authors":"M Riquelme","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Siderophores are low-molecular-weight high specificity, ferric iron chelating agents. They are produced under iron starvation by most microorganisms. Systems such as siderophores, involved in the acquisition of iron under iron limited conditions, may play a major role in microbial interactions. Some siderophores are virulence factors in animal and in plant pathogens. Moreover, siderophores have been demonstrated to play a major role in plant disease suppression by some bacterial biocontrol agents which inhibit the growth or the activity of plant pathogens by sequestering iron. This latest type of mechanism has been extensively studied in bacteria. However, the role of these iron chelating compounds in disease suppression by fungal biocontrol agents has not been clearly determined.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"537-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19977526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Free-living spirochetes from Cape Cod microbial mats detected by electron microscopy. 科德角微生物群中游离螺旋体的电镜检测。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
T H Teal, M Chapman, T Guillemette, L Margulis
{"title":"Free-living spirochetes from Cape Cod microbial mats detected by electron microscopy.","authors":"T H Teal,&nbsp;M Chapman,&nbsp;T Guillemette,&nbsp;L Margulis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spirochetes from microbial mats and anaerobic mud samples collected in salt marshes were studied by light microscopy, whole mount and thin section transmission electron microscopy. Enriched in cellobiose-rifampin medium, selective for Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis, seven distinguishable spirochete morphotypes were observed. Their diameters ranged from 0.17 micron to > 0.45 micron. Six of these morphotypes came from southwest Cape Cod, Massachusetts: five from Microcoleus-dominated mat samples collected at Sippewissett salt marsh and one from anoxic mud collected at School Street salt marsh (on the east side of Eel Pond). The seventh morphotype was enriched from anoxic mud sampled from the north central Cape Cod, at the Sandy Neck salt marsh. Five of these morphotypes are similar or identical to previously described spirochetes (Leptospira, Spirochaeta halophila, Spirochaeta bajacaliforniensis, Spirosymplokos deltaeiberi and Treponema), whereas the other two have unique features that suggest they have not been previously described. One of the morphotypes resembles Spirosymplokos deltaeiberi (the largest free-living spirochete described), in its large variable diameter (0.4-3.0 microns), cytoplasmic granules, and spherical (round) bodies with composite structure. This resemblance permits its tentative identification as a Sippewissett strain of Spirosymplokos deltaeiberi. Microbial mats samples collected in sterile Petri dishes and stored dry for more than four years yielded many organisms upon rewetting, including small unidentified spirochetes in at least 4 out of 100 enrichments.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"571-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19979457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[On the centennial of Ludwik Fleck]. [纪念路德维克·弗莱克诞辰一百周年]。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-12-01
J J Marcén
{"title":"[On the centennial of Ludwik Fleck].","authors":"J J Marcén","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 4","pages":"659-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20051354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Indicators of scientific activity]. [科学活动的指标]。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-09-01
J M López Piñero
{"title":"[Indicators of scientific activity].","authors":"J M López Piñero","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 3","pages":"469-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20051346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Buffering capacity and membrane H+ conductance of Halobacterium halobium. 盐杆菌的缓冲能力和膜H+电导。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-09-01
N Rius, J G Lorén
{"title":"Buffering capacity and membrane H+ conductance of Halobacterium halobium.","authors":"N Rius,&nbsp;J G Lorén","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Buffering capacity and membrane H+ conductance were measured in Halobacterium halobium suspensions in the light and in the dark over a wide range of external pH. The values of both variables for this archaeobacterium were significantly higher than those found for eubacteria in other reports. It appears from our results that the special chemical composition of the cell envelope and the movement of ions, mainly protons, may influence the magnitude of the buffering power and the H+ membrane conductance of these cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 3","pages":"405-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19862272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mapping of the FLO5 gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae. 酿酒酵母菌FLO5基因定位。
Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain) Pub Date : 1996-09-01
C Sieiro, N M Reboredo, P Blanco, T G Villa
{"title":"Mapping of the FLO5 gene in saccharomyces cerevisiae.","authors":"C Sieiro,&nbsp;N M Reboredo,&nbsp;P Blanco,&nbsp;T G Villa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The FLO5 gene has been assigned to chromosomes I and VIII in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. According to the results obtained, flocculation of strain STX347-ID (reported as strain FLO5) is the result of two different genes: one of them is allelic to the previously reported FLO1 and located at 4.7 cM from PHO11 and 37 cM from ADE1 on chromosome I. The other was mapped on chromosome VIII at 36.8 cM from PET3 and 30.5 cM from FUR1. This second gene generated a constitutive flocculation phenotype that was not under the control of the fsu3 suppressor. The latter has been reported to suppress certain FLO1 genes.</p>","PeriodicalId":77263,"journal":{"name":"Microbiologia (Madrid, Spain)","volume":"12 3","pages":"449-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19862180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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