Medicine and war最新文献_第3页

The potential health impacts of climate change: an overview. 气候变化对健康的潜在影响:概述。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409236

S Kovats, A Haines

引用次数: 19

Climate change and human health: possible communicable disease consequences in the United Kingdom. 气候变化与人类健康:联合王国可能发生的传染病后果。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409238

M G Rowland

引用次数: 1

Climate change and malaria: exploring the risks. 气候变化和疟疾:探讨风险。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409240

W J Martens

{"title":"Climate change and malaria: exploring the risks.","authors":"W J Martens","doi":"10.1080/07488009508409240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07488009508409240","url":null,"abstract":"That the enhanced greenhouse effect may prove to influence human health will come as no surprise. One of the potential health consequences is a change in distribution patterns of vector-borne diseases. In tropical countries, such diseases are a major cause of illness and death. One of the most important vector-borne diseases in the world is malaria, which is associated with one of four species of parasite and transmitted by a mosquito vector. Climatic conditions, and temperature in particular, directly influence mosquito development, feeding-frequency and longevity of the mosquito, as well as the time in which the parasite develops inside the mosquito. Other environmental factors such as vegetation and breeding sites are indirectly influenced by climate conditions. In order to assess the impact of an anthropogenic climate change on the transmission of malaria, an integrated assessment model has been developed. In this integrated model, the direct effects of a change in temperature and precipitation on the transmission potential of a mosquito population is assessed by means of the vectorial capacity. The effect of a human-induced climate change on human health is evaluated by assessing the change in malaria prevalence and disease burden. A sustainable development index, which is an aggregate of an environmental pressure indicator, a health indicator and a socio-economic development indicator is introduced and discussed. Such an index can be used to determine whether future projections are sustainable.","PeriodicalId":77260,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and war","volume":"11 4","pages":"202-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07488009508409240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19538937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

The climate change convention and human health. 气候变化公约与人类健康。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409241

E J Rowbotham

引用次数: 1

Conceptual and methodological challenges in predicting the health impacts of climate change. 预测气候变化对健康影响方面的概念和方法挑战。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409239

A J McMichael

{"title":"Conceptual and methodological challenges in predicting the health impacts of climate change.","authors":"A J McMichael","doi":"10.1080/07488009508409239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07488009508409239","url":null,"abstract":"Describing (not to mention quantifying) the anticipated adverse health impacts of global climate change poses basic challenges to biomedical science. First and foremost, it is beset with uncertainties and complexities; it is necessarily an 'If-Then' exercise, that takes as given climatologists' estimates of the plausible range of greenhouse-induced climate change over the coming century. The health impacts of climate change would generally not occur via the familiar direct-acting mechanisms that characterise local environmentally-induced toxicology or pathophysiology; therefore they would lack the mechanistic directness-of-effect that epidemiological research methods are best equipped to study. Rather, the health impacts would occur on a larger scale, and would result predominantly from perturbations of natural biogeochemical systems that reduce Earth's capacity for life support. Therefore, scientists will need to address the assessment of impacts within an ecological framework, and with an unusually long time horizon. This assessment requires a new capacity for systems-based thinking, predictive modelling, and dealing with uncertainty. Scientists, policy-makers and general public will have to adjust to unfamiliar styles of 'anticipatory' science, with an unusual overlay of uncertainty and provisionality.","PeriodicalId":77260,"journal":{"name":"Medicine and war","volume":"11 4","pages":"195-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/07488009508409239","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19538934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The effects of the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 广岛和长崎原子弹爆炸的影响。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409217

F Barnaby

引用次数: 23

Hiroshima and Nagasaki: the beginning of the nuclear age. 广岛和长崎:核时代的开端。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-07-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409218

K Yamane

引用次数: 2

Beyond the line of fire: the war on health in Nicaragua. 火线之外:尼加拉瓜的卫生战争。

Medicine and war Pub Date : 1995-04-01 DOI: 10.1080/07488009508409204

P Smith