Journal of cell science. Supplement最新文献_第4页

Regulation of the cell cycle timing of Start in fission yeast by the rum1+ gene. rum1+基因对分裂酵母Start细胞周期时间的调控。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.9

S Moreno, K Labib, J Correa, P Nurse

引用次数: 33

Wilms' tumour--a case of disrupted development. 威尔姆斯肿瘤，一个发育中断的例子。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.1

K Miyagawa, J Kent, A Schedl, V van Heyningen, N D Hastie

引用次数: 22

Specificity in recognition of phosphopeptides by src-homology 2 domains. src-同源2结构域识别磷酸肽的特异性。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.18

L C Cantley, Z Songyang

{"title":"Specificity in recognition of phosphopeptides by src-homology 2 domains.","authors":"L C Cantley, Z Songyang","doi":"10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.18","url":null,"abstract":"SH2 domains and SH3 domains, found in a number of protein-tyrosine kinases and substrates of protein-tyrosine kinases, provide specificity in downstream signaling. Both of these domains bind to relatively short linear sequences of peptides to provide specific interactions between proteins. The SH2 domains directly bind to phosphotyrosine residues of proteins in a specific sequence context. We have devised a phosphopeptide library technique that allows us to rapidly determine the sequence specificity of individual SH2 domains on the basis of amino acids selected at position +1, +2 and +3 C-terminal of the phosphotyrosine. The optimal motif for 22 distinct SH2 domains has been determined and used to predict likely sites of in vivo interaction. A second phosphopeptide library was devised in which the amino acids N-terminal of the phosphotyrosine were also varied. The residues N-terminal of phosphotyrosine had little influence on binding to the N-SH2 domain of the 85 kDa subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase. These results indicate that for this SH2 domain, specificity is determined by sequences carboxy-terminal of the phosphotyrosine moiety. Knowledge of the specificity of SH2 domains allows predictions about likely downstream targets on the basis of primary sequence of proteins. Some of these predictions will be discussed.","PeriodicalId":77195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science. Supplement","volume":"18 ","pages":"121-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.18","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18540345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 63

Regulation and function of the MAP kinase cascade in Xenopus oocytes. MAP激酶级联在爪蟾卵母细胞中的调控和功能。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.17

H Kosako, Y Gotoh, E Nishida

引用次数: 33

The role of the p53 and Rb-1 genes in cancer, development and apoptosis. p53和Rb-1基因在癌症、发展和凋亡中的作用。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1994-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.3

M L Hooper

{"title":"The role of the p53 and Rb-1 genes in cancer, development and apoptosis.","authors":"M L Hooper","doi":"10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.3","url":null,"abstract":"Gene targeting using embryonal stem cells has been used to generate strains of mice with inactivating mutations at the Rb-1 and p53 tumour suppressor loci. Mice heterozygous for a null allele of Rb-1 do not show retinoblastomas but instead develop pituitary tumours. Homozygotes die at between 10 and 14 days' gestation and show increased levels of both cell division and cell death by apoptosis in the haematopoietic and nervous systems. This is consistent with the view that the Rb-1 gene product plays a general role in the maturation of precursor cells. In contrast, mice heterozygous for a null allele of p53 are predisposed to a spectrum of tumours, while the corresponding homozygotes are viable but show a very high tumour incidence. Thymocytes from p53 homozygotes, unlike wild-type thymocytes, do not show increased levels of apoptosis following treatment with DNA-damaging agents, while response to its induction by other agents is unaltered. Similarly, epithelial cells from the crypts of both small and large intestine of p53-deficient mice are resistant to the induction of apoptosis by gamma-irradiation. In contrast, two other early responses of wild-type crypts to gamma-irradiation, namely the G2 block and the reduction in bromodeoxyuridine incorporation, are both largely intact in p53-deficient mice. These observations are consistent with the view that p53 is responsible for monitoring DNA damage so that damaged cells can be either repaired or eliminated prior to division.","PeriodicalId":77195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science. Supplement","volume":"18 ","pages":"13-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1242/jcs.1994.supplement_18.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18881552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 49

Sorting of ion transport proteins in polarized cells. 极化细胞中离子转运蛋白的分选。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.3

C J Gottardi, G Pietrini, D L Roush, M J Caplan

{"title":"Sorting of ion transport proteins in polarized cells.","authors":"C J Gottardi, G Pietrini, D L Roush, M J Caplan","doi":"10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.3","url":null,"abstract":"The plasma membranes of polarized epithelial cells and neurons express distinct populations of ion transport proteins in their differentiated plasma membrane domains. In order to understand the mechanisms responsible for this polarity it will be necessary to elucidate the nature both of sorting signals and of the cellular machinery which recognizes and acts upon them. In our efforts to study sorting signals we have taken advantage of two closely related families of ion transport proteins whose members are concentrated in different epithelial plasmalemmal domains. The H+,K(+)-ATPase and the Na+,K(+)-ATPase are closely related members of the E1-E2 family of ion transporting ATPases. Despite their high degree of structural and functional homology, they are concentrated on different surfaces of polarized epithelial cells and pursue distinct routes to the cell surface in cells which manifest a regulated delivery pathway. We have transfected cDNAs encoding these pumps' subunit polypeptides, as well as chimeras derived from them, in a variety of epithelial and non-epithelial cell types. Our observations suggest that these pumps encode multiple sorting signals whose relative importance and functions may depend upon the cell type in which they are expressed. Recent evidence suggests that the sorting mechanisms employed by epithelial cells may be similar to those which operate in neurons. We have examined this proposition by studying the distributions of ion pumps and neurotransmitter re-uptake co-transporters expressed endogenously and by transfection in neurons and epithelial cells, respectively. We find that one of the classes of proteins we studied obeys the correlation between neuronal and epithelial sorting while another does not.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science. Supplement","volume":"17 ","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19136221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

An electron microscopic study of TGN38/41 dynamics. TGN38/41动力学的电镜研究。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.7

M S Ladinsky, K E Howell

引用次数: 21

Epithelial polarity and differentiation in polycystic kidney disease. 多囊肾病的上皮极性和分化。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.30

E D Avner

{"title":"Epithelial polarity and differentiation in polycystic kidney disease.","authors":"E D Avner","doi":"10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.30","url":null,"abstract":"Renal cysts are central pathological features in a number of human congenital and acquired diseases, and produce significant morbidity and mortality. This review describes our laboratory's efforts to identify specific alterations in epithelial cell polarity and differentiation associated with renal tubular cyst formation and progressive enlargement. Studies in a murine model of human autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease, the C57BL/6J cpk/cpk (CPK) mouse have demonstrated quantitative (increased activity) and qualitative (apical membrane distribution) alterations in Na+,K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase activity that mediate tubular cyst formation. Proximal tubular cyst formation in CPK kidneys is characterized by increased activity of a basolateral Na+,K(+)-ATPase, which drives organic anion secretion and consequent tubular fluid secretion. In contrast, collecting tubule cyst formation is characterized by increased apical membrane Na+,K(+)-ATPase expression, which may be a marker of the relatively undifferentiated phenotype of cyst lining cells. If such apically expressed enzyme is active, it may have pathogenic import in collecting tubule cyst formation and enlargement by mediating net basal to apical vectorial solute and fluid transport.","PeriodicalId":77195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science. Supplement","volume":"17 ","pages":"217-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.30","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19136639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 43

Distribution and role of heterotrimeric G proteins in the secretory pathway of polarized epithelial cells. 异三聚体G蛋白在极化上皮细胞分泌通路中的分布和作用。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.6

J L Stow, J B de Almeida

{"title":"Distribution and role of heterotrimeric G proteins in the secretory pathway of polarized epithelial cells.","authors":"J L Stow, J B de Almeida","doi":"10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.6","url":null,"abstract":"The movement of newly synthesized proteins in the constitutive secretory pathway, from their site of synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum to the cell surface or to intracellular destinations, requires an orderly sequence of transport steps between membrane-bound compartments. Until recently, the trafficking and secretion of proteins through this pathway was thought to occur as a relatively automatic, unregulated series of events. Recent studies show that protein trafficking in the constitutive secretory pathway requires GTP hydrolysis by families of GTP-binding proteins (G proteins), which at multiple steps potentially provide regulation and specificity for protein trafficking. Many monomeric G proteins are known to be localized and functional on membrane compartments in the constitutive secretory pathway. Now, members of the heterotrimeric G protein family have also been localized on intracellular membranes and compartments such as the Golgi complex. We have studied the localization and targeting of G alpha subunits to distinct membrane domains in polarized epithelial cells. The distribution of different G alpha subunits on very specific membrane domains in cultured epithelial cells and in epithelial cells of the kidney cortex, is highly suggestive of roles for these G proteins in intracellular trafficking pathways. One of these G protein subunits, G alpha i-3, was localized on Golgi membranes. Studies on LLC-PK1 cells overexpressing G alpha i-3 provided evidence for its functional role in regulating the transport of a constitutively secreted heparan sulfate proteoglycan through the Golgi complex. Inhibition or activation of heterotrimeric G proteins by pertussis toxin or by aluminium fluoride respectively, have provided further evidence for regulation of intracellular transport by pertussis toxin-sensitive G proteins.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)","PeriodicalId":77195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science. Supplement","volume":"17 ","pages":"33-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19136642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

Phenotypic conversions in renal development. 肾发育中的表型转化。

Journal of cell science. Supplement Pub Date : 1993-01-01 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.9

D Herzlinger, R Abramson, D Cohen

{"title":"Phenotypic conversions in renal development.","authors":"D Herzlinger, R Abramson, D Cohen","doi":"10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.9","url":null,"abstract":"The transporting epithelia of the kidney are derived from an embryonic rudiment containing two distinct cell populations: ureteric bud epithelia and mesenchymal cells of the metanephric blastema. The ureteric bud is a caudal outgrowth of the Wolffian Duct and gives rise to the renal collecting system by branching morphogenesis. The metanephric blastema gives rise to diverse cells of the nephron after receiving an inductive stimulus. It has been proposed that mesenchymal progenitors of the metanephric blastema derive directly from intermediate mesoderm, although this hypothesis has never been tested directly. Utilizing direct lineage analysis techniques we demonstrate, in an organ culture system, that mesenchymal nephron progenitors are immediate descendants of ureteric bud epithelia. Ureteric bud epithelia can give rise to mesenchymal nephron progenitors that populate the metanephric blastema by undergoing an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition followed by delamination. If this process occurs in vivo, renal morphogenesis can be characterized by two phenotypic conversions: an epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition leading to the generation of mesenchymal-nephron progenitors, followed by a mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition leading to the generation of diverse nephron epithelial cell types. We have immortalized an embryonic renal mesenchymal cell line and demonstrate that the clonal cell line, RSTEM-1, undergoes phenotypic conversions in vitro, providing a suitable model to study the regulation of the epithelial phenotype.","PeriodicalId":77195,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cell science. Supplement","volume":"17 ","pages":"61-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1242/jcs.1993.supplement_17.9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"18519393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30