Infectious agents and disease最新文献_第4页

Antifungal drug targets: Candida secreted aspartyl protease and fungal wall beta-glucan synthesis. 抗真菌药物靶点:念珠菌分泌的天冬氨酸蛋白酶和真菌壁β -葡聚糖合成。

Infectious agents and disease Pub Date : 1995-12-01

R C Goldman, D J Frost, J O Capobianco, S Kadam, R R Rasmussen, C Abad-Zapatero

引用次数: 0

Nosocomial candidiasis: epidemiology and drug resistance. 院内念珠菌病:流行病学和耐药性。

Infectious agents and disease Pub Date : 1995-12-01

R Mahayni, J A Vazquez, M J Zervos

{"title":"Nosocomial candidiasis: epidemiology and drug resistance.","authors":"R Mahayni, J A Vazquez, M J Zervos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The epidemiology of nosocomial Candida is complex. Molecular DNA analysis has provided useful information in the study of nosocomial infection. The most important inpatient hospital reservoir is colonized patients. Most patients are infected with strains they harbor. Findings from recent studies suggest that some nosocomial Candida colonization is the result of exogenous acquisition. Hospital personnel and the inanimate hospital environment may serve as reservoirs, reservoir and they may be sources of acquired strains. The mechanism by which patients acquire Candida remains unproven, but most authors agree that indirect contact transmission is the most likely route for exogenous nosocomial acquisition of strains. Environmental surfaces in contact with healthcare workers and/or patients should also be considered a source of some Candida organisms when infection control measures are designed. Antifungal drug resistance has not been responsible for the spread of isolates. Further prospective studies using DNA typing methods for analysis of cultures using control strains are needed to define more clearly the patient and hospital reservoirs of infection and the modes of transfer. With increasing knowledge of the epidemiology of nosocomial Candida, novel control strategies are needed.","PeriodicalId":77176,"journal":{"name":"Infectious agents and disease","volume":"4 4","pages":"248-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19641422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pathogenic potential of myeloblastosis-associated viruses. 髓母细胞病相关病毒的致病潜力。

Infectious agents and disease Pub Date : 1995-12-01

B Perbal

{"title":"Pathogenic potential of myeloblastosis-associated viruses.","authors":"B Perbal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Myeloblastosis-associated viruses (MAV) are replication competent avian retroviruses responsible for the induction of lymphoid leukosis, osteopetrosis, and nephroblastoma. Although both the route of infection and the strain of host used has been reported to be a critical factor in determining the outcome of viral infection, genetically distinct strains of MAV that exhibit a multiple pathogenic potential have been molcularly cloned. Osteopetrosis is a proliferative disease of the bones and nephroblastoma is a kidney cancer. Both diseases occur in chickens a few weeks after MAV injection. In both cases, the nature of the target cells and mechanisms of transformation induced by MAV remain to be established. Molecular cloning and sequencing of three MAV proviral genomes inducing both osteopetrosis and nephroblastoma or only nephroblastoma have allowed the identification of viral determinants essential for osteopetrosis induction. For the last decade we have focused our attention on the MAV-induced nephroblastoma because it is a unique animal model of the human Wilms' tumor. Studies that we have conducted to understand the molecular basis of MAV tumorigenic potential have led to the identification of viral sequences required for tumor induction and to the discovery of a new cellular gene (nov) likely to play a critical role in avian and human nephroblastoma development.","PeriodicalId":77176,"journal":{"name":"Infectious agents and disease","volume":"4 4","pages":"212-27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19640910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Preterm labor: emerging role of genital tract infections. 早产:生殖道感染的新角色。

Infectious agents and disease Pub Date : 1995-12-01

W W Andrews, R L Goldenberg, J C Hauth

{"title":"Preterm labor: emerging role of genital tract infections.","authors":"W W Andrews, R L Goldenberg, J C Hauth","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Preterm birth complicates 8-10% of all pregnancies in the United States and is the leading cause of infant morbidity and mortality. Neonatal morbidity and mortality is concentrated among very low-birthweight and extremely premature infants, particularly those delivered prior to 30 weeks' gestational age. In addition to the contribution of preterm birth to neonatal morbidity and mortality, the economic costs associated with this pregnancy complication are staggering. Efforts to reduce the preterm birth rate have been largely focused on prevention and early intervention with treatment for preterm labor. Mixed results regarding the success of prematurity prevention programs have been reported, and controversy continues to surround the efficacy of tocolytic therapy in the treatment of preterm labor. Although neonatal survival for infants born at early gestational ages has steadily improved in recent years, survival of infants delivered prior to 24 weeks' gestation remains very poor. Additionally, despite this decline in neonatal mortality, the United States still lags behind most industrialized nations in infant mortality, and no change in the rate of low birthweight has occurred in recent decades. Multiple lines of evidence support a role for infection as an etiologic factor in preterm labor. Although this association has been well known for many years, a wealth of new data is emerging, linking subclinical genital tract infection with spontaneous preterm birth, particularly among pregnancies that result in birth prior to 30 weeks' gestational age as a result of spontaneous preterm labor or preterm, premature rupture of membranes. Conversely, preterm birth that occurs closer to term is less likely to be associated with genital tract infection. Improved understanding of the link between genital tract infection and preterm birth now provides an exciting potential for the development of sensitive new markers to identify women at risk and effective interventions to prevent preterm birth. A review and comment on this growing literature is provided.","PeriodicalId":77176,"journal":{"name":"Infectious agents and disease","volume":"4 4","pages":"196-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19640908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Controversies in the treatment of cytomegalovirus retinitis: foscarnet versus ganciclovir. 治疗巨细胞病毒性视网膜炎的争议:氟膦酸钠与更昔洛韦。