German journal of ophthalmology最新文献_第5页

The influence of strabismus surgery on the blood-aqueous barrier: tyndallometry case studies in patients with risk factors. 斜视手术对血水屏障的影响:有危险因素患者的耳压测量病例研究。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

A Neugebauer, F A Kaszli, M Diestelhorst, W Rüssmann

引用次数: 0

Therapy with a combination of intravitreal foscarnet and intravenous ganciclovir in clinically resistant cytomegalovirus retinitis and patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 玻璃体内氟膦酸钠联合静脉注射更昔洛韦治疗临床耐药巨细胞病毒视网膜炎和获得性免疫缺陷综合征患者

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

H O Guembel, F Hofmann, G van Even, J Cinatl, R Makabe

引用次数: 0

Indocyanine-green angiography in patients with occult choroidal neovascularization. 隐蔽性脉络膜新生血管的吲哚菁绿血管造影术。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

S Wolf, H Knabben, G Krombach, A Schaaf, U Solbach, M Reim

{"title":"Indocyanine-green angiography in patients with occult choroidal neovascularization.","authors":"S Wolf, H Knabben, G Krombach, A Schaaf, U Solbach, M Reim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Several studies have stressed the role of indocyanine-green (ICG) angiography in patients with occult choroidal neovascularization (O-CNV) secondary to age-related maculopathy (ARM). The present study was undertaken to evaluate the percentage of eyes that could be converted from O-CNV without suffering pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in well-defined CNV using ICG angiography with a scanning laser system. A total of 112 patients with ARM and O-CNV without PED were included in this prospective study. All patients underwent ICG angiography with a scanning laser system. The early phase (first 3 min) of the ICG angiogram was analyzed for the presence of a neovascular network, whereas focal or irregular hyperfluorescence was noted in the late phase. The early phase of the ICG angiograms revealed in 62 (55%) eyes a well-defined CNV. In 55 of these eyes, late irregular hyperfluorescent and hypofluorescent zones were observed. Another 27 eyes presented with focal hyperfluorescent areas in the latephase studies without having shown a well-demarcated area of neovascularization in the early phase of the ICG angiogram. This study confirms that ICG angiography is an important adjunctive method to fluorescein angiography. In more than 50% of eyes with O-CNV the ICG angiograms obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope enable the visualization of a neovascular network in the early phase.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 5","pages":"251-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19876875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Photofragmentation of lens nuclei using the Er: YAG laser: preliminary report of an in vitro study. 使用Er: YAG激光进行晶状体核的光碎裂:体外研究的初步报告。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

W Wetzel, R Brinkmann, N Koop, F Schröer, R Birngruber

{"title":"Photofragmentation of lens nuclei using the Er: YAG laser: preliminary report of an in vitro study.","authors":"W Wetzel, R Brinkmann, N Koop, F Schröer, R Birngruber","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The energy of the erbium: YAG laser (2.940-nm wave-length) can be used for minimally traumatic photoablation due to its high absorption at the tissue water and its consequently low penetration depth. Laser sclerostomy ab externo, an application of this principle, has undergone advanced clinical investigation. Another potential application is photofragmentation of the lens for cataract extraction. A laboratory model Er: YAG laser (flashlamp-pumped. 200-microseconds pulse length, 5-Hz repetition frequency) was coupled to a short low-OH quartz fiber (400 microns in diameter). The laser energy was applied by direct contact of the fiber tip to human lenses with very dense cataract. The lenses rested in a small cuvette filled with an aqueous-humor-analogous fluid. The fragmentablation rate was evaluated in relation to the number of pulses and the pulse energy. A laser-triggered flash-photography unit was engaged to visualize the ablation dynamics. We found tissue-ablation rates to range from 4 to 19 micrograms/pulse, depending on the nucleus density and ulse energy. The maximal size of the removed fragments was always below 500 microns. During ablation, rapidly increasing and collapsing cavitation bubbles were photographed at the distal tip of the application fiber. The impact radius of these cavitation effects markedly exceeded the pure penetration depth of laser radiation at a 2.9-microns wavelength. A clinical application of the method should be possible as judged by the results obtained for tissue-ablation rate and fragment size. Cavitation-bubble dynamics seems to be responsible for the high fragmentation efficiency. Special application probes have to be developed to optimize ablation and to prevent inadvertent destruction of the posterior lens capsule by cavitation effects.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 5","pages":"281-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19876267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fundus-controlled examination of reading in eyes with macular pathology. 黄斑病变眼阅读的眼底对照检查。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

K Rohrschneider, C Bethke-Jaenicke, M Becker, F E Kruse, A Blankenagel, H E Völcker

{"title":"Fundus-controlled examination of reading in eyes with macular pathology.","authors":"K Rohrschneider, C Bethke-Jaenicke, M Becker, F E Kruse, A Blankenagel, H E Völcker","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to read is an important parameter for the optical rehabilitation of visually handicapped patients. For the choice of the best therapy, more detailed knowledge of the physiology of reading is required. We evaluated reading velocity as well as the number of saccades in and against the direction of reading for reading plates with different character sizes (10 steps from a letter height of 3-0.25 degrees) using the scanning laser ophthalmoscope in 20 healthy eyes and 30 eyes with central and paracentral scotomas. The number of characters read during each fixation increased with decreasing size of characters from 3.2 to 4.4 in normals. However, the reading velocity decreased from 14 to 11 digits/s when digits became very small. In patients' eyes the greatest reading velocity was reached at 6.1 digits/s for a 1 degree size, and the maximal number of digits read during one rest phase was 3.2 for a 0.75 degree size. In patients we observed a high number of saccades against the reading direction and different loci of fixation. Fundus-controlled examination allows for new insights into the physiology and pathophysiology of reading. Loss of the central visual field leads to an increase in the number of saccades because the number of digits perceived during each fixation decreases. The high number of regressions may be caused by the typical shift of the center of fixation following paracentral scotoma. Saccades directed toward the scotoma have to be corrected due to failure of exact positioning.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 5","pages":"300-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19876271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Monoclonal corneal gammopathy: topographic considerations. 单克隆角膜伽玛病:地形考虑。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

W Sekundo, P Seifert

引用次数: 0

Factors that influence the increase in the electroretinogram 30-Hz flicker amplitude during light adaptation. 光适应过程中视网膜电图30hz闪烁幅度增加的影响因素。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

K Raether, E Zrenner

引用次数: 0

Lacrimal secretion of human epidermal growth factor in perforating keratoplasty. 人表皮生长因子在穿孔角膜移植术中的泪液分泌。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

S Schüller, M Knorr, K P Steuhl, H J Thiel

{"title":"Lacrimal secretion of human epidermal growth factor in perforating keratoplasty.","authors":"S Schüller, M Knorr, K P Steuhl, H J Thiel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Human epidermal growth factor (hEGF) plays a key role in the regulation of corneal epithelial regeneration. As the lacrimal concentration of EGF is known to decrease following corneal injury, therapeutic application of exogenic EGF to support corneal wound healing is currently being investigated. To evaluate the role of topical EGF substitution in perforating keratoplasty, the lacrimal secretion of EGF was determined in 12 patients prior to keratoplasty and on the 1st and 7th days postoperatively using a newly developed modular immunofluorometric assay. EGF secretion and tear-flow rates in the tear samples of the keratoplasty patients were compared with those of 39 patients with corneal epithelial defects of other origin and those of 21 healthy controls. Levels of EGF secretion and tear flow reflectorily increased both in the post-operative samples of keratoplasty patients (secretion 0.77 +/- 0.56 pg/s, tear flow 18.7 +/- 14.9 microliter/min) and in the samples of patients with corneal epithelial defects (0.6 +/- 0.4 pg/s, 19.6 +/- 19.2 microliter/min) in comparison with preoperative values and healthy controls (0.3 +/- 0.2 pg/s, 4.0 +/- 5.4 microliter/min). Men showed higher average levels of basal and reflectory EGF secretion (0.4 and 0.8 pg/s), respectively than did women (0.25 and 0.55 pg/s, respectively). The results indicate a physiological feedback mechanism that reflectorily adjusts the lacrimal EGF secretion following corneal irritation. Topical therapy with recombinant EGF should therefore be restricted to patients with persistent corneal epithelial defects and proven deficiency of EGF secretion.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 5","pages":"268-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19876878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A new transdermal delivery system for pilocarpine in glaucoma treatment. 一种治疗青光眼的新型匹罗卡品透皮给药系统。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

S Dinslage, M Diestelhorst, T Hille, K Otto

{"title":"A new transdermal delivery system for pilocarpine in glaucoma treatment.","authors":"S Dinslage, M Diestelhorst, T Hille, K Otto","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"We studied the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering effect and the side effects of a new transdermal delivery system (TDS) containing pilocarpine. After giving their written informed consent, patients were randomly assigned to receive a pilocarpine TDS or a placebo TDS. Two patches, each containing 30 mg of pilocarpine or placebo, were applied to the supraclavicular skin of 24 patients. The IOP was recorded before and at +12, 16, and 20 h after application. Plasma samples were analyzed for pilocarpine before treatment and 12 and 20 h later via high-performance liquid chromatography. The amount of drug remaining on the dermal patches was analyzed at 20 h. The mean IOP recorded before application was 22.7 +/- 5.8 mmHg. As compared with the placebo TDS, the pilocarpine TDS did not significantly reduce IOP at 12, 16, or 20 h after application (P = 0.42). The mean plasma concentrations were 2.9 ng/ml at 12 h and 1.3 ng/ml at 20 h. The verum TDS showed a residual mean drug concentration of 35.3 mg pilocarpine on the TDS. A substantial amount of pilocarpine was released from the TDS to the dermis, causing detectable plasma levels of pilocarpine at 12 and 20 h after administration. The pilocarpine TDS is a new nonocular pharmaceutical device that should avoid the side effects well known in glaucoma treatment when conventional eye drops are used.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 5","pages":"275-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19876879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Computer-based diagnosis support for the interpretation of Hess charts. 基于计算机的诊断支持赫斯图的解释。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-09-01

E Lang, D Böhme, K E Littan, D P Pretschner

引用次数: 0