German journal of ophthalmology最新文献

Cataract surgery and YAG-laser capsulotomy following vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. 玻璃体切除术后白内障手术及yag激光囊切开术治疗糖尿病视网膜病变。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

H Helbig, U Kellner, N Bornfeld, M H Foerster

{"title":"Cataract surgery and YAG-laser capsulotomy following vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy.","authors":"H Helbig, U Kellner, N Bornfeld, M H Foerster","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was initiated to assess time-course and risk factors for the development of cataract and posterior-capsule opacification as well as complications of cataract surgery and YAG-laser capsulotomy following vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. The charts of all patients undergoing vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy during a 5-year period in a university eye hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The course of 306 consecutive eyes in which the lens was retained during vitrectomy was analyzed for subsequent cataract surgery and YAG-laser capsulotomy. The first 6 months after cataract or YAG-laser surgery were examined for the occurrence of complications. Data were analyzed with regard to the time course using Kaplan-Meier life-table analysis. The proportion of eyes that underwent cataract surgery after vitrectomy increased nearly linearly with time, approaching 75% after 5 years. Silicone tamponade (relative risk 1.9; P = 0.0005) and transscleral retinal cryotherapy (relative risk 1.4; P = 0.003) were risk factors for subsequent cataract surgery. No significant cataractogenous effect of intravitreal gas as compared with balanced salt solution was found. YAG-laser capsulotomy was performed in 60% of vitrectomized diabetic eyes within 2 years but in only 10% of nondiabetic controls (P < 0.0001). Within 6 months of extracapsular cataract surgery with implantation of an intraocular lens (IOL) in 54 eyes, no serious complication was observed. After YAG-laser capsulotomy, vitreous hemorrhage occurred within 6 months in 6 of 21 eyes. In conclusion, cataract surgery was performed in 75% of the phakic eyes within 5 years of vitrectomy for diabetic retinopathy. Posterior capsular opacification is particularly common in this subset of eyes. No serious complication was observed after extracapsular cataract surgery with IOL implantation, but YAG-laser capsulotomy was associated with an increased risk for vitreous hemorrhage.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 6","pages":"408-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20404391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermomechanical behavior of the cornea. 角膜的热力学行为。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

E Spörl, U Genth, K Schmalfuss, T Seiler

{"title":"Thermomechanical behavior of the cornea.","authors":"E Spörl, U Genth, K Schmalfuss, T Seiler","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Shrinkage of corneal collagen is used during thermokeratoplasty, a method to remodel the corneal curvature. The goal of our investigations was to determine the optimal temperature range for maximal shrinkage of the collagen fibers with minimal damage. By means of a commercially available stress-strain-measuring device including a paraffin oil bath at temperatures varying from 35 degrees to 120 degrees C, strips of pig cornea measuring 5 mm in width and 9 mm in length were investigated in the stress range of sigma = (0.5-12.5) x10(4) N/m2 by stress-strain, stress-relaxation, and creep measurements. The biomechanical properties of the cornea remained unchanged in the temperature range of 30-50 degrees C. Starting at 60 degrees C, shrinkage occurred that increased up to a temperature of 90 degrees C. The maximal rate of shrinkage of 57 +/- 12% was determined at temperatures of 75 degrees and 80 degrees C. At above 100 degrees C the shrinkage effect decreased because of the destruction of intermolecular bonds between the collagen fibers. The stress-strain curves generated for shrunken corneas were flatter than those generated for native corneas, which means that Young's modulus is significantly reduced. For the achievement of optimal shrinkage during thermokeratoplasty, temperatures of 70-85 degrees C should be reached in the tissue to be coagulated. Higher temperatures are capable of causing a shrinkage effect but also induce the destruction of tissue.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 6","pages":"322-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20404488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in proliferation and migration of corneal endothelial cells [correction of epithelial cells] after cell transplantation in vitro. 细胞移植后角膜内皮细胞增殖和迁移的差异[上皮细胞校正]。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

J Bednarz, G Richard, M Böhnke, K Engelmann

引用次数: 0

Assessment of corneal alterations following laser in situ keratomileusis by confocal slit scanning microscopy. 激光原位角膜磨镶术后角膜改变的共聚焦狭缝扫描显微镜评估。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

C Slowik, S Somodi, A Richter, R Guthoff

{"title":"Assessment of corneal alterations following laser in situ keratomileusis by confocal slit scanning microscopy.","authors":"C Slowik, S Somodi, A Richter, R Guthoff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was done to evaluate in vivo changes in corneal micromorphology occurring after laser in situ keratomileusis. By means of confocal microscopy, nine eyes of eight patients showing uncomplicated wound healing at 2-16 weeks after surgery and one eye of one patient at 30 weeks after initial surgery who had to undergo two retreatments because of a central island were examined. Video recording was used to register the data. The distribution of scattered light in the treated corneae was registered with the z-scan of the microscope. Slit-lamp findings obtained several weeks postoperatively showed only minor corneal alterations. Confocal microscopy revealed morphological changes as a result of the surgery, especially in the epithelium and in the anterior stroma. With the z-scan an additional peak determined by higher reflectivity in the anterior stroma was found. The retreated patient showed marked folds in the area of the interface and flap. Confocal in vivo microscopy is suitable for the noninvasive detection of micromorphological alterations following refractive corneal surgery and for observation of the postsurgical wound-healing phase, including nerve regeneration.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 6","pages":"526-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20404739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Trabeculectomy under subconjunctival anesthesia. 结膜下麻醉下小梁切除术。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

I Schipper

引用次数: 0

A rare cause of complete "spectacle hematoma". 完全性“眼镜血肿”的罕见病因。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

G Rieger

引用次数: 0

Evidence for glaucoma-induced horizontal cell alterations in the human retina. 青光眼诱发人视网膜水平细胞改变的证据。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

P Janssen, R Naskar, S Moore, S Thanos, H J Thiel

{"title":"Evidence for glaucoma-induced horizontal cell alterations in the human retina.","authors":"P Janssen, R Naskar, S Moore, S Thanos, H J Thiel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we investigated changes to horizontal cells in human retinae affected by glaucoma. Glaucoma is characterized by raised intraocular pressure and is responsible for retinal ganglion cell and, possibly, photoreceptor degeneration. It was therefore assumed that horizontal cells might also be affected. The carbocyanine dye DiI was placed at discrete points on fixed, whole-mounted retinae obtained from normal and glaucomatous patients. After allowing 6-24 weeks for intramembranous diffusion within the lipid layers of the nerve cells and, therefore, fluorescent labeling, we measured horizontal cell soma and dendritic field sizes. Selected cells were then embedded in Araldite and cut at 4 microns. Horizontal cells in glaucomatous eyes appeared larger and had a granulated outline as compared with cells from normal retinae. Analysis of the mean cell soma size indicated that cells were 26% larger in the glaucomatous retinae and that this increase was significantly different from that seen in normal retinae (P < 0.05). The dendritic field size was unaffected (P > 0.05). As seen in cross section there was a clear loss of photoreceptor outer segments, and shrunken silhouettes of photoreceptor inner segments with pyknotic nuclei were observed. It is proposed that the increase in some size is indicative of horizontal cell responses that are likely to culminate in degeneration as a result of heightened intraocular pressure. In addition, this paper provides further evidence that photoreceptors are affected by advanced glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 6","pages":"378-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20404386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electroretinographic campimetry in a patient with crystalline retinopathy. 结晶性视网膜病变患者的视网膜电成像扫描。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

U Kretschmann, T Usui, K Ruether, E Zrenner

引用次数: 0

Corneal reinnervation after photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis: an in vivo study with a confocal videomicroscope. 光屈光性角膜切除术和激光原位角膜磨除术后角膜再神经支配:共聚焦视频显微镜的体内研究。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

T Kauffmann, S Bodanowitz, L Hesse, P Kroll

{"title":"Corneal reinnervation after photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis: an in vivo study with a confocal videomicroscope.","authors":"T Kauffmann, S Bodanowitz, L Hesse, P Kroll","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare the regeneration of corneal nerves after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) versus laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in vivo with a confocal videomicroscope. In all, 15 eyes that had undergone PRK and 15 eyes that had been subjected to LASIK were compared with a confocal in vivo slit-scanning video-microscope. The subepithelial nerves were observed preoperatively and at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. In all eyes, good microscope images of the subepithelial nerve plexus could be obtained preoperatively. Because of postoperative light reflection and scattering in the treated area, subepithelial nerve-fiber regeneration could be followed satisfactorily only in seven eyes after PRK and in five eyes following LASIK. In the eyes treated with PRK, recovery of subepithelial reinnervation started from the margin of the ablation zone, being directed toward the center of the cornea. At 8 weeks postoperatively, rarefied subepithelial nerve fibers were visible at the edges, and after 3 months, single nonbranched nerve fibers could be visualized in the center of the ablation zone. At 6-8 months following PRK, subepithelial nerve regeneration seemed to be completed; however, abnormal branching and accessory thin nerve fibers were present without exception. After LASIK, corneal nerve-fiber regeneration followed the same course described for PRK except that regenerated subepithelial nerve fibers were barely visible in the center after 6 months. Further changes in nerve structure were visible for up to 12 months postoperatively. Recovery of corneal sensitivity in humans has been reported to start at 4-6 weeks after PRK and is said to be completed within 6-12 months of surgery. Slit-scanning videomicroscope findings were in accordance with these observations.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 6","pages":"508-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20404736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Corneal reinnervation following penetrating keratoplasty--correlation of esthesiometry and confocal microscopy. 穿透性角膜移植术后角膜再神经支配——感觉测量与共聚焦显微镜的相关性。

German journal of ophthalmology Pub Date : 1996-11-01

A Richter, C Slowik, S Somodi, H P Vick, R Guthoff

{"title":"Corneal reinnervation following penetrating keratoplasty--correlation of esthesiometry and confocal microscopy.","authors":"A Richter, C Slowik, S Somodi, H P Vick, R Guthoff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Thus far assessment of corneal reinnervation after penetrating keratoplasty has been possible only by esthesiometry techniques. Since the introduction of confocal microscopy, we have been capable of performing structural corneal in vivo examinations. The purpose of our study was to correlate esthesiometry results with confocal microscopy findings. We used a Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometer and a Microphthal confocal microscope to investigate corneal grafts in vivo. A total of 46 eyes were examined preoperatively and for up to 3 years after penetrating keratoplasty. At 8 weeks after keratoplasty the first stromal nerves were detected in the periphery of the graft. The first nerves in the middle and superficial stroma of the graft center were observed at 7 months after surgery. Reinnervation of the central basal epithelium was found at 2 years after keratoplasty. The highest level of sensitivity was detected in young patients with reinnervation of the basal epithelium. Confocal microscopy enables us to correlate morphologically and functionally corneal reinnervation after surgery. The present study shows that corneal reinnervation is influenced by the amount of time elapsing after surgery, the patient's age, and the preoperative diagnosis. In none of our patients was normal nerve morphology or sensitivity observed during the follow-up period. Comparison of the morphology of nerves seen in eyes after nonsurgical trauma with that observed in corneal grafts indicates that surgically induced scar formation may limit nerve regeneration in grafts.","PeriodicalId":77146,"journal":{"name":"German journal of ophthalmology","volume":"5 6","pages":"513-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1996-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20404737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0