African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development最新文献

{"title":"Acceptability of cereal-cricket composite porridge as influenced by socio-economic factors and breast-feeding status of mothers and care-givers in Siaya County, Kenya","authors":"DO Aboge, MA Orinda, SO Konyole","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.126.23805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.126.23805","url":null,"abstract":"The trajectory for widespread integration of edible insects into the human diet is still confronted by low acceptability especially among communities that traditionally or habitually do not consume insects. While the concern today is how best to present edible insects into food matrices that improve their acceptability, this development should be aligned with consumer intrigues into the choices of insect-based foods. This study determined the influence of socio-economic factors (age, education, marital status, occupation, and income levels), and breastfeeding status of mothers and care givers on acceptability of cricket-based porridges. Four composite porridge flours were developed by blending cricket flour with maize, wheat, and soy flour at four different levels. The reference formula (CP) had 0% cricket inclusion and was a composite of maize, wheat, and defatted soy flour in the ratio of 2:1:1 resembling Famila Baby weaning porridge flour, a common infant formula in Kenya. The other treatment flours were formulated by replacing an equivalent amount of soy flour with cricket flour at 25%, 50% and 75% to allow enrichment of Famila formula with cricket flour, and were coded as CPB1, CPB2 and CPB3, respectively. Porridge prepared from the flours were evaluated for acceptability among forty mothers and care-givers selected in Siaya County, Kenya. Non-cricket porridge was the most accepted across the respondents’ socio-economic dynamics. Acceptability of cricket-based porridges improved with age and level of education but reduced significantly for both married (p<0.000) and unmarried women (p<0.000). Women engaged in formal employment rated cricket-based porridges significantly higher (p<0.003) than other occupations. Income level generated mixed influences with non-cricket porridge still rated significantly higher (p<0.000) than cricket-based porridges across different income groups. Breastfeeding had insignificant influence on acceptability of the porridges (p=0.06). From this study, age, education, occupation and income showed varied influences on the acceptability of cereal-cricket porridges and should therefore be considered among key factors that shape consumer acceptability. Consequently, promotion strategies should consider the latter socio-economic factors in devising interventions to improve acceptability of edible insects and their products. Key words: Edible insects, Crickets, Porridge, Socio-economic status, Consumer evaluation, Acceptability","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"187 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140485903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary diversity and nutritional status of adults (18-65 years) and children (1-5 years) in urban and rural communities of the northwest region of Cameroon","authors":"F. Akob, K. Pillay, N. Wiles, M. Siwela","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.126.23585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.126.23585","url":null,"abstract":"Consuming diets of low diversity may lead to micronutrient deficiencies and non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Dietary diversity (DD) has become a popular indicator to assess the quality of diets as well as nutrient adequacy of food intake among adults and children. With the high prevalence of malnutrition in the Northwest Region (NWR) of Cameroon, the objective of this study was to determine the DD of the diet and nutritional status of adults (18-65 years) and children (1-5 years) in four selected rural (Mankon and Mendakwe) and urban (Mankon and Nkwen) communities. Cross-sectional study design was used with multistage sampling technique to select the participants and study sites. The study sample consisted of a total of 1248 participants. Nutritional status of adults was determined using body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), while weight-for-age, weight-for-height, height-for-age and mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) were used for children. Dietary diversity (DD) of adults and children was determined using individual DD questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. A significant number of adults from Nkwen (urban) were either overweight (n=74; 47.4%) or obese (n=44; 28.2%) with 43.6% (n=68) from urban Mankon. A significant number of adults from rural Mankon were normal weight (49.4%; n=77), while 2.6% (n=4) from Mendakwe (rural) were underweight and 64.1% (n=100) were normal weight. Children in the rural areas were severely underweight (n=45; 14.4%), while children in the urban areas were either normal (n=158; 50.6%) or overweight (n=43; 13.8%). Mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) values indicated that most children in both urban and rural areas were not acutely malnourished. The food groups that were consumed most across all age groups in all areas were grains, roots and tubers, fats and oils. The least consumed were fruit and vegetables, including vitamin A-rich plant foods as well as milk and milk products. There was a significant relationship between poor DD and weight-for-height (MAM) among 1-3 year old children in urban Nkwen (p=0.03) and urban Mankon (p=0.04). Although there was no significant association between DD, BMI and WC across all areas, most of the adults who had good DD were either of normal weight, overweight or obese. Overweight and obesity were more prevalent in the urban areas compared to the rural areas. There is a need to investigate the association between overall dietary intake and nutritional status and not specifically DD. Key words: Malnutrition, nutritional status, dietary diversity, association, obesity, rural, urban, Cameroon","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"74 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140486401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and feed digestibility of sentul chicken fed hydrolyzed maggot (Hermetia illucens) meal produced by crude enzymes from tempeh yeast","authors":"S. Rahayu, T. Widiyastuti, W. Suryapratama, B. Hartoyo, E. Rimbawanto","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23795","url":null,"abstract":"Maggot is the larva of the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) which has the potential as an alternative protein source for poultry. The study aimed to examine the supplementation of hydrolyzed and non-hydrolyzed maggot meals to increase the performance and feed digestibility of Sentul chicken feed. Crude enzymes produced from Tempeh yeast were used as inoculum starters. The research method used was a completely randomized design (CRD) with 7 treatments and 3 replications, each replication consisted of five Sentul chickens of four weeks old. The treatments were R0 = basal feed (control), R1 = R0 + 2% non-hydrolyzed maggot, R2 = R0 + 4% non-hydrolyzed maggot, R3 = R0 + 6% non-hydrolyzed maggot, R4 = R0 + 2% hydrolyzed maggot, R5 = R0 + 4% hydrolyzed maggot, R6 = R0 + 6% hydrolyzed maggot. Variables observed were feed intake (FI), total weight (TW), weight gain (WG), feed conversion ratio (FCR), crude protein digestibility (CPD), and crude fiber digestibility (CFD). The data were analyzed utilizing Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significance difference (HSD) test was also conducted. The results demonstrated that the addition of maggot meal had a significant impact (P<0.01) on the variables TW, WG, FCR, and CPD, and a moderately significant impact (P<0.05) on FI and CFD. When supplemented with 4% and 6% non-hydrolyzed maggot meal, FI and CFD were raised. However, when supplemented with the same percentage of hydrolyzed maggot meal, there was a significant increase in WG and TW while also decreasing the FCR value. Incorporation of 4% hydrolyzed (R5) maggot meal optimized WG, TW and FCR values, and boosted the CPD coefficient from 82.16 ± 1.46 (R0) to 93.14 ± 0.15 and CFD from 60.01 ± 2.40 (R0) to 83.90 ± 0.40 (R6) at the 6% level. In conclusion, the supplementation of hydrolyzed maggot (Hermetia illucens) meal, with crude enzymes from Tempeh yeast, significantly enhanced the performance and feed digestibility of Sentul chicken diets. Supplementation of 4 and 6% gave relatively the same performance, but the best digestibility was found in addition of 6%. Key words: enzymes, digestibility, larvae, performance, sentul-chicken, tempeh, supplementation, hydrolysis","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing the adoption of climate smart agriculture practices among smallholder farmers in Kakamega County, Kenya","authors":"S. Ndung'u, V. Ogema, M. Thiga, P. Wandahwa","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23400","url":null,"abstract":"Most of Kenya’s population’s livelihoods and agri-food systems rely on rain-fed agriculture making them vulnerable to climate change. The adverse effects of climate change on agricultural production have necessitated the promotion of Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies. Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) technologies help guide actions needed to transform and reorient agricultural systems to effectively support development and ensure food security by increasing farmers’ resilience to climate change. This study sought to ascertain the current state of CSA practices among Kakamega County's smallholder farmers to identify the main drivers of CSA adoption. Stratified sampling was used to select six sub-counties to represent the county's various agroecological zones and regions for the research sample. A combination of purposive and snowball sampling was used to select 428 smallholder CSA farmers of which 182 were adopters while 246 were dis-adopters. Primary data were collected using interview guides developed through the Kobo Collect Application. Microsoft Excel and Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) statistical packages were used to process and analyze the data. This study established that CSA technologies in Kakamega are mainly promoted by international development partners, non-governmental organizations and research organizations. In addition, the most adopted CSA technologies were agroforestry, composting, and soil and water conservation structures, while push-pull technology, conservation agriculture, and vermiculture were the least adopted. This study, further, established that smallholder farmers’ level of education, membership to a farmers’ group, interaction with extension officers and farming experience influenced adoption of CSA technologies. Other factors are those that increase household productive resources, such as land ownership, household income, and access to agricultural credit. The results of this study suggest that those who promote CSA technologies, policymakers, extension service providers, and other stakeholders should take smallholder farmers' socioeconomic and bio-physical factors into account when doing so. Key words: Climate-smart agriculture, CSA practices, CSA adoption, CSA dis-adoption, smallholder farmers","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"67 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138594621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological and medicinal properties of Pouzolzia mixta solms (Urticaceae): a narrative review","authors":"A. Maroyi","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23570","url":null,"abstract":"Local communities use plant resources from the surrounding environment for firewood, food and medicines, and for their livelihood maintenance, security and income generation. The different parts of Pouzolzia mixta Solms are characterized by nutritional, cultural and pharmaceutical properties. Pouzolzia mixta is a small tree or shrub which grows naturally in tropical woodlands and thickets of Africa and Asia. The current study is aimed at providing information on the biological and medicinal properties of P. mixta. Information on the biological and medicinal properties of P. mixta was obtained from online databases such as Scopus, JSTOR, Scimago, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, and pre-electronic sources such as books, journal articles, dissertations, book chapters, thesis and other scientific articles obtained from the University of Fort Hare library. This study showed that the leaves of P. mixta are used as culinary herb and leafy vegetable in tropical Africa and Asia. In south central Africa, the bark, leaves, roots and stems of P. mixta are used as ritual and protective charm, and traditional medicine to treat and manage 48 human and 13 animal diseases and ailments. The phytochemical evaluations of the species showed that the leaves and roots of the species are characterized by alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, steroids and tannins. The pharmacological assessments showed that the crude extracts of P. mixta leaves, roots and stems are characterized by antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-diabetic, anti-fertility and antioxidant activities. This review highlighted the food, pharmaceutical and health benefits of P. mixta in different countries in east and southern Africa, and Asia. Based on the results of this review, detailed ethnopharmacological evaluations of P. mixta focusing on phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicological evaluations, in vivo and clinical research are recommended. The data from the current study should contribute to improved management and conservation of P. mixta in tropical Africa and Asia, considering concerns about anthropogenic pressure on plant biodiversity. Key words: Biological activities, indigenous knowledge, pharmacological properties, Pouzolzia mixta, traditional medicine, Urticaceae","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"43 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of bioavailability of macronutrients on overall control of plasma glucose: a review","authors":"S. Mwakalu, V. Omwenga, P. Ogao","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23245","url":null,"abstract":"Macronutrients play a crucial role in management of type 2 diabetes. This is seen in their ability to modulate plasma glucose concentrations. However, the ideal proportions of macronutrients to be consumed in order to maintain ideal plasma glucose concentrations remains elusive. Therefore, this paper set out to conduct a review to investigate the relationship between macronutrients and plasma glucose concentrations from a physiological perspective. The review was conducted using papers obtained from various databases such as MEDLINE (Pubmed), Open Access Journals Elsevier, Free Medical Journals and Google Scholar. The research papers included general reviews, systemic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomized control trials that examined the effect of macronutrients on plasma glucose concentration as well as papers on mathematical models describing the relationship between macronutrient bioavailability and plasma glucose concentration. The review assessed the effect of various macronutrients on post-prandial plasma glucose concentration, post-prandial plasma insulin, post-prandial glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide plasma concentration, and post-prandial glucose-like peptide-1 plasma concentration. The results of the review showed that carbohydrates influence plasma glucose concentration in a dose dependant manner but this is dependent on their bioavailability. This bioavailability was shown to be subject to fluctuations determined by food processing techniques, food structure, and food matrix. The results also showed that some specific types of fats and proteins indirectly influence plasma glucose concentration through their effect on incretin hormones. The effect of fats and proteins on incretin hormones was through different mechanisms and pathways. In-lieu of the findings, the review concludes that the macronutrient composition of diets designed for type 2 diabetic patients should take into consideration the physiological relationship between the macronutrients and plasma glucose concentrations. In this way, diet proportions can be made in such a manner as to determine the exact amounts that will realize near normal plasma glucose concentrations for a type 2 diabetic patient. Key words: bioavailability, glucose-insulin system, macronutrients, incretin hormones, type 2 diabetes, glucose absorption models","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"38 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of aflatoxigenic fungi and aflatoxins in maize grains and associated awareness and handling practices among farmers and traders in South Sudan","authors":"EK Bilal, Ee Owaga, DM Njoroge","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23920","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23920","url":null,"abstract":"Maize is a popular staple food among the urban population of South Sudan. However, due to inadequate food safety surveillance and enforcement systems, there is limited information on the aflatoxin safety of maize grains at farm and market levels. Therefore, this study aimed at assessing aflatoxins awareness and handling practices of maize grains among randomly selected farmers (n=30) and traders (n=30) as well as determining the moisture content, Aspergillus species counts and aflatoxins contamination. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Magwi maize producing areas, Juba retail/wholesale markets and Nimule border points of South Sudan. Moisture content, fungal and aflatoxins contamination in maize grain samples were determined using dry air oven method, dilution plating technique, and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), respectively. The respondent results showed that farmers (97%) and traders (83%) were unaware of aflatoxins. About 83% of the farmers dried their maize grains on tarpaulins, for 4 - 5 days (77%). In addition, most farmers (77%) stored their maize grain bags on raised platforms, whereas most traders (73%) stored grains on bare ground. All the maize grains met the required moisture content limit (below 13.5%). Maize from Nimule main park had the highest levels of contamination with Aspergillus flavus (9 log CFU/g), Aspergillus parasiticus (12 log CFU/g), aflatoxin B1 (505.56 µg/kg) and total aflatoxins (1,032.19 µg/kg). Maize from Gudele market was contaminated with Aspergillus parasiticus (12 log CFU/g), and aflatoxin B1 (76.55 µg/kg), and had a total aflatoxin content of 94.09 µg/kg. Omeo farmers’ maize grains had the least levels of contamination of Aspergillus parasiticus (6 log CFU/g), aflatoxin B1 (4.39 µg/kg), and total aflatoxins (7.83 µg/kg). In addition, Aspergillus flavus was not detected from Omeo farmers’ maize grains and no aflatoxins were detected from Agoro and Paluonganyi farmers’ grains. This study recommends wider aflatoxins awareness and regular aflatoxin screening of maize grains by the relevant stakeholders in South Sudan. Key words: aflatoxins, aflatoxigenic fungi, awareness, farmers, handling practices, maize, South Sudan, traders","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"56 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138597742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of goat meat consumption in relation to market potential among major stores in Eastern Cape, South Africa","authors":"O. Ikusika, OF Akinmoladun, CT Mpendulo, O. Ikusika","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23875","url":null,"abstract":"There is low commercial availability of goat meat in retail outlets such as supermarkets and butcheries due to the limited supply and cultural beliefs in many nations of the world, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to find potential customers for goat meat if it were made readily available in retail outlets. Two hundred respondents from cities and towns (Port Elizabeth, East London, Mthatha, King’s Williams town, Grahamstown, Alice, Butherwotth, Fort Beaufort, Queenstown, Craddock, Adelaide, Port Alfred, Stutterheim, and Peddie) in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, were randomly selected and interviewed using structured Google form questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Participants answered questions about goat meat consumption in relation to other meats. Factors limiting the consumption of goat meat were also investigated. About 66% of respondents had positive views of goat meat, while 23.5% were neutral. Only 10.5 % had unfavourable views concerning goat meat. The availability of goat meat in the market was the most limiting factor for 60% of the respondents, while 15% said price was their limiting factor. Other factors limiting goat meat consumption were personal preferences, religion, aversion to testing, price of goat meat, aversion to smell, and fattiness, with 15%, 9%, 6.5%, 5%, 4%, and 0.5% of respondents, respectively. About 46% of the total respondents preferred goat meat from a supermarket or butchery, and only 6.5% preferred vendors. Only 26% preferred live goats, while 61.5% preferred a portion of meat from slaughtered goats. The chi-square test also revealed a significant association (P<0.05) between attitude/view of goat meat consumption with gender (0.00), age (0.001), nationality (0.027) and ethnicity (0.041). However, the association between attitudes/views towards goat meat consumption and small households (0.262) or religion (0.142) was not significant (P>0.05). Although demand for goat meat is expected to rise as people receive more information on nutritional benefits and cooking methods, it could be concluded that consumers are willing to consume it and that there is market potential for it as a major store product. Key words: availability, goat meat, consumer perceptions, purchasing drivers, limiting factors, future consumption, major stores, market, South Africa","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"39 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development and consumer acceptance of goat meat burger patties and sausages among young adults in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa","authors":"K. Palmer, A. Naicker, U. Kolanisi","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23580","url":null,"abstract":"Although goat meat is a nutritious and sustainable Animal Food Source (AFS), it is not commonly preferred as an AFS in sub-Saharan Africa even though goats thrive in the region. To explore the potential of promoting goat meat consumption among young adults in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, an experimental study was conducted involving the development, nutrient analysis and microbial testing of two goat meat products through a series of recipe development trials. This study aimed to use food processing techniques to improve the sensory qualities of goat meat (texture and aroma) in value-added products. Goat meat patties and sausages were developed and evaluated for consumer acceptance using Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) food action rating scale and paired preference testing (n=100). Results from the nutrient analysis showed that both the patty (31.57g/100g) and the sausage (26.88g/100g) were high in protein. The total fat content for each sample was less than 10g per 100g portion.The coliform counts for both samples were very low and well within the acceptable range. The yeast and mould counts were very low, and total bacterial counts were low and within an acceptable range. The CATA test revealed the most frequently selected term used to describe the sensory attributes were ‘smoky’ for aroma (82%, 55%), ‘brownish-grey’ for appearance (68%, 80%), ‘meaty’ for flavour (92%, 86%), and ‘tender’ for texture (59%, 51%) for the goat meat patty and sausage, respectively. Participants showed a more positive attitude towards purchasing and consuming the goat meat patty (96%) than the goat meat sausage (88%). Both products received positive sensory feedback. However, the majority of the participants preferred the goat meat patty (66%) over the sausage (34%). The findings suggest that promoting goat meat consumption in South Africa can be achieved through the introduction of value-added convenience products like the goat meat patties and sausages developed in this study. Key words: Goat meat, goat meat patty, sausages, young adults, consumer acceptance","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"20 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138596683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food safety knowledge, attitudes and practices of fish handlers in Kirinyaga County markets, Kenya","authors":"DN Kyule, SW Mburu, JM Munguti, KO Obiero, JO Abwao, D. Ndegwa, N. Outa, E. Ogello","doi":"10.18697/ajfand.125.23850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18697/ajfand.125.23850","url":null,"abstract":"Fish and fish products have high nutritional value and are important in supplementing human diet. Fish products have little or no cholesterol and saturated fat, but instead have omega 3 and low-fat content essential for human health. Despite the high nutritional value of fish products, their consumption is hindered significantly by setbacks such as spoilage and foodborne diseases that spread through contamination in the fish supply chain. The objective of this study was to evaluate fish vendors' attitudes, knowledge, and practices on food safety in selected markets in Kirinyaga County that included Sagana, Tebere, Mwea, Ndia, Kianyaga, and Kerugoya markets. A structured questionnaire was administered to 54 fish vendors to collect information on fish safety, spoilage, risk factors, personal hygiene, food contamination, type of hazards, foodborne diseases and attitudes towards training on food safety. Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 was used to analyse the data from the respondents. The relationship between fish vendors’ demographic characteristics and risk factors was assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. The majority of the fish vendors had a positive attitude towards education in hygiene practices (56%). There was a positive correlation between education and fish vendors' awareness of fish foodborne diseases at p<0.05. The study revealed that fish foodborne diseases awareness was positively influenced by respondents' level of experience and age. Moreover, there was also a significant (p˂ 0.05) positive correlation on the awareness of fish foodborne diseases with hygiene and food safety. Majority of the fish handlers had average level of knowledge, attitude and hygiene practices for food safety. These findings presented a foundation for formulating policies to increase food safety and hygiene practices of fish handlers in the region, thereby preventing foodborne diseases and postharvest losess. The results of this study can also form a basis for an indepth research for students and researchers in verious disciplines scuh as public health, marketing, community development and more. Key words: Fish products, Food Safety, Knowledge and Attitude, Foodborne diseases","PeriodicalId":7710,"journal":{"name":"African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development","volume":"47 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138595017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}