American Journal of Clinical Dermatology最新文献

{"title":"Circulating Tumor DNA as a Biomarker for Melanoma Prognosis and Therapy","authors":"Isabel Heidrich,&nbsp;Sarah Urhahn,&nbsp;Christoffer Gebhardt,&nbsp;Daniel J. Smit,&nbsp;Klaus Pantel","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01056-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01056-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With more than 300,000 new cases diagnosed in 2022 and a projected rise in incidence until the year 2040, malignant melanoma remains a major global health challenge. Of note, immunotherapy has substantially improved survival outcomes, even in advanced stages. Nevertheless, reliable biomarkers for early relapse detection, risk stratification, and treatment monitoring remain an unmet clinical need. Conventional surveillance tools, including imaging, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and S100B, are limited by their sensitivity and specificity, particularly in patients with low tumor burden. The use of liquid biopsy, the analysis of body fluids such as blood, with its wide range of analytes and highly sensitive analysis methods, may represent a novel strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional biomarkers. In particular, the analysis of circulating cell-free nucleic acids from the tumor released to the blood, referred to as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), has emerged as a minimally invasive approach capable of capturing tumor-derived molecular information from plasma in solid tumors. ctDNA holds promise as a tool for the detection of minimal residual disease (MRD), early relapse, clonal evolution, and actionable genomic alterations. Technological advances have expanded ctDNA applications from single-mutation assays to comprehensive personalized NGS strategies and multi-modal approaches incorporating methylation profiling and fragmentomics. Clinical studies increasingly demonstrate that ctDNA detection and ctDNA dynamics provide prognostic and potentially predictive information across both (neo)adjuvant and advanced melanoma settings. In this review, we summarize the current methodological approaches and clinical evidence supporting ctDNA as a biomarker for prognosis, risk stratification, and therapy monitoring in melanoma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 5","pages":"977 - 995"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40257-026-01056-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148381471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining the Potential for Disease Modification in Atopic Dermatitis","authors":"Eric L. Simpson,&nbsp;Amy S. Paller,&nbsp;Oscar Palomares,&nbsp;Thomas Bieber","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01050-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01050-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atopic dermatitis is a common inflammatory disorder affecting the skin, often associated with a strong disease burden and a long-term impact on patients’ quality of life. Although most treatments for atopic dermatitis have been mainly focusing on alleviating symptoms, emerging therapies and approaches may offer the potential to modify the disease course, thereby leading to off-treatment remission and prevention of comorbidities. However, a consensus on the definition of disease modification in atopic dermatitis is yet to be reached. The aim of this article is to review the concept of disease modification in atopic dermatitis and its different dimensions, including underlying pathophysiology, disease control, atopic and nonatopic comorbidities, subclinical biomarkers, and the importance of early therapeutic intervention. Ultimately, identifying therapies with long-lasting effects on atopic dermatitis progression could alleviate the global health burden of atopic diseases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 5","pages":"879 - 885"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40257-026-01050-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atopic Dermatitis: New Targets and Emerging Systemic Therapies","authors":"Gianluca Avallone,&nbsp;Jessica Beaziz,&nbsp;Flavia Manzo Margiotta,&nbsp;Katherine Langer,&nbsp;Ester Del Duca,&nbsp;Emma Guttman-Yassky","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01054-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01054-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease, driven by barrier and immune dysregulation, which causes significant impairment in quality of life. The introduction of biologics and oral small molecules has substantially improved treatment outcomes. However, achieving complete and durable clinical clearance for most patients remains challenging, and concerns related to long-term safety and healthcare burden persist as key unmet needs. These limitations have catalyzed a new phase of therapeutic innovation in AD. Next-generation biologics targeting type 2 cytokines are being refined through advances in antibody bioengineering, including high binding affinity and fragment crystallizable modification, with the aim of enhancing efficacy while achieving extended dosing intervals. In parallel, bispecific and multispecific antibodies, designed to simultaneously engage multiple epitopes on the same or distinct antigens, are increasingly being evaluated in inflammatory skin diseases after initial development in oncology, offering the potential for synergistic immunomodulatory effects. This evolving landscape is further complemented by evidence from T-cell rebalancing strategies that showed durable off-treatment responses, positioning these approaches as potential game changers in long-term disease control. Lastly, emerging oral small-molecule agents that inhibit intracellular signaling downstream of multiple cytokines are supported by favorable safety profiles in early-phase trials. Overall, this review synthesizes current translational and clinical advances shaping the evolving pipeline, highlighting how both novel ways of modulating established pathways and the identification of new targets may transform the future management of AD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 5","pages":"997 - 1025"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking Head and Neck Atopic Dermatitis: Pathogenic Axes and Emerging Therapeutic Directions","authors":"Francisco José Navarro-Triviño,&nbsp;Ricardo Ruiz-Villaverde,&nbsp;Tiago Torres","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01048-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01048-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Head and neck atopic dermatitis represents a common and clinically challenging phenotype of atopic dermatitis, characterized by anatomical selectivity, chronicity, and variable therapeutic response. Increasing evidence indicates that head and neck atopic dermatitis is not merely a regional extension of generalized disease, but a distinct phenotype shaped by the convergence of regional barrier fragility, a lipid-rich sebaceous microenvironment, microbiome imbalance, particularly involving <i>Malassezia</i> species, and a mixed immune signature integrating type 2, type 17, and type 22 inflammatory pathways. These factors promote persistent inflammation, psoriasiform features, and relative treatment refractoriness in the head and neck region. The clinical relevance of this phenotype has increased in the era of targeted therapies, as persistent or de novo facial involvement has been reported during biologic treatment, most notably with interleukin-4Rα blockade. Dupilumab-associated head and neck dermatitis exemplifies a pathway shift characterized by suppression of type 2 inflammation alongside exaggerated interleukin-22 and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-driven epithelial stress responses, providing mechanistic insight into paradoxical inflammation and incomplete regional control. Advances in immunobiology are beginning to translate into more tailored therapeutic strategies. Interleukin-13-selective biologics, systemic and topical Janus kinase inhibitors, and emerging agents targeting tissue-resident memory T-cell pathways offer new opportunities to address the dominant inflammatory circuits active in this region. Although comparative data remain limited, these approaches raise the possibility of improved control in selected patients with difficult-to-treat head and neck involvement. This review synthesizes current evidence on the pathogenic hallmarks of head and neck atopic dermatitis, integrates emerging mechanistic and clinical data, and discusses evolving therapeutic strategies aimed at phenotype-driven region-specific management of this complex manifestation of atopic dermatitis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 5","pages":"1027 - 1043"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Integrated Safety Analysis of Ritlecitinib, an Oral JAK3/TEC Family Kinase Inhibitor, for the Treatment of Alopecia Areata from the ALLEGRO Clinical Trial Program","authors":"Brett King,&nbsp;Jennifer Soung,&nbsp;Christos Tziotzios,&nbsp;Lidia Rudnicka,&nbsp;Pascal Joly,&nbsp;Melinda Gooderham,&nbsp;Rodney Sinclair,&nbsp;Natasha A. Mesinkovska,&nbsp;Carle Paul,&nbsp;Yankun Gong,&nbsp;Susan D. Anway,&nbsp;Helen Tran,&nbsp;Robert Wolk,&nbsp;Samuel H. Zwillich,&nbsp;Alexandre Lejeune","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01051-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01051-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 4","pages":"857 - 858"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40257-026-01051-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148270059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Clinical Impact of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists in Hidradenitis Suppurativa","authors":"Maria-Alexandra Visan,&nbsp;Emma Carroll,&nbsp;Stephanie-Lynn Ryan,&nbsp;Emily Pender,&nbsp;Daniel-Octavian Costache,&nbsp;Constantin Caruntu,&nbsp;Rosalind Hughes,&nbsp;Brian Kirby","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01049-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01049-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which imposes a significant burden in terms of pain, disability, and comorbidities. Obesity and metabolic dysfunction are highly prevalent in HS, contributing to disease severity. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), widely used in type 2 diabetes and obesity, have shown additional anti-inflammatory properties that may be relevant in HS.However, data on their clinical benefit remain limited.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>We performed a systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase through June 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. Studies reporting outcomes in HS patients treated with GLP-1RAs were included. Information on clinical severity, quality of life, metabolism, inflammatory markers, and healthcare use were extracted. Findings were critically assessed and summarized descriptively, with pooled analysis applied where outcomes were consistently reported. This review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251110220).</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Nineteen studies including 67,568 patients were identified. Pooled analysis showed that 60% of patients achieved clinical improvement in Hurley stage (95% CI 52–67). Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) improved by a mean of −3.83 points (95% CI −5.14 to −2.51). Clinical benefit was observed despite modest weight reduction (mean BMI change −2.64 kg/m²). Inflammatory and metabolic markers improved, with significant reductions in mean C-reactive protein (−1.35 mg/L, 95% CI −2.33 to −0.36) and HbA1c (−0.39%, 95% CI −0.59 to −0.18). Large real-world cohorts showed decreased antibiotic and corticosteroid use and lower hospitalization rates, though results for biologic use, surgical procedures, and cardiovascular outcomes were mixed. Two studies reported reduced risk of major adverse cardiovascular events, while one HS–diabetes cohort suggested persistent excess cardiovascular risk compared with diabetes-only controls.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This systematic review suggests that GLP-1RAs are associated with improvements in HS severity, quality of life, metabolic and inflammatory parameters, and may additionally reduce healthcare utilization and cardiometabolic risk, observed alongside weight loss. However, current evidence remains limited and heterogeneous, and the relative contribution of weight-dependent and weight-independent effects cannot be determined. Prospective studies and controlled trials are needed to clarify the role of GLP-1RAs in HS management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 5","pages":"909 - 923"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148248806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What’s New in Photoprotection?","authors":"Zita Álvarez-Bobillo,&nbsp;Tamara Gracia-Cazaña,&nbsp;Yolanda Gilaberte,&nbsp;Henry W. Lim","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01047-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01047-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is well established that a complete package of photoprotection includes staying in the shade, wearing photoprotective clothing, hat, and sunglasses, and on otherwise exposed sites, applying sunscreen. Recent advances have modified photoprotection through new active ingredients, innovative formulations, complementary oral strategies, and personalized approaches. This review aims to summarize the latest new developments in photoprotection. A narrative review of the literature was conducted from January 2010 to October 2025 using terms related to photoprotection, sunscreen innovation, visible light, oral photoprotection, microbiome interaction, climate change, and personalized approaches. Articles in English and Spanish were selected based on scientific relevance. Advances in photoprotection include the development of new topical filters targeting UVA1 and visible light, as well as the incorporation of iron oxides and, in some formulations, pigmentary titanium dioxide in tinted sunscreens to enhance protection against visible light. In addition, the use of antioxidants and DNA repair enzymes has been explored to mitigate oxidative stress and address field cancerization. Natural and eco-friendly bioactive ingredients derived from botanical and marine sources show growing potential as photoprotective agents. Additional considerations such as the role of skin microbiome, and personalized photoprotection strategies tailored to skin phototype, lifestyle, diseases, and high-exposure conditions further refine preventive practice. Photoprotection is evolving into a multidimensional approach that integrates advanced topical formulations, oral agents, and individualized recommendations. This paradigm offers improved prevention of photoaging, pigmentary disorders, and photocarcinogenesis while promoting safer and more sustainable photoprotection practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 4","pages":"683 - 695"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148203899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Cutaneous Cryptococcosis in Immunocompetent Patients: Recognition and Management","authors":"Lanah Almatroud,&nbsp;Busra Yaprak Bayrak,&nbsp;Amor Khachemoune","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01045-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01045-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Primary cutaneous cryptococcosis (PCC) is a rare, localized fungal infection caused by <i>Cryptococcus</i> species, typically following direct inoculation of the yeast into the skin in immunocompetent individuals. Unlike disseminated cryptococcosis, which is more common in immunocompromised hosts, PCC remains confined to the skin and often arises after minor trauma or environmental exposure. Although traditionally associated with <i>Cryptococcus neoformans</i> (C. <i>neoformans</i>), <i>Cryptococcus gattii</i> (C. <i>gattii</i>) is also increasingly recognized in immunocompetent hosts. Dermatologists are crucial in the early identification of PCC, as its clinical presentation can resemble other dermatologic conditions such as bacterial cellulitis, pyoderma gangrenosum, or atypical mycobacterial infections. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnostic methods, and management strategies for PCC. It emphasizes the importance of differentiating PCC from disseminated cryptococcosis and other mimicking conditions. Treatment with oral azoles, such as fluconazole, is typically effective, with a favorable prognosis for most immunocompetent patients. The review also includes practical diagnostic algorithms to assist clinicians in the accurate and timely management of PCC, ultimately improving patient outcomes and reducing unnecessary interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 4","pages":"779 - 788"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148155077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical Therapeutic Strategies for Acne-Induced Hyperpigmentation Across all Skin Types","authors":"Jose L. Lopez-Estebaranz,&nbsp;Marta Lopez-Pando,&nbsp;Keila Mitsunaga","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01044-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01044-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and post-inflammatory erythema are common sequelae of acne, particularly affecting individuals with skin of color. Up to 85% of patients with Fitzpatrick phototypes IV–VI develop post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation following inflammatory acne lesions. Acne-induced hyperpigmentation (AIH) results from increased melanin production and deposition triggered by inflammatory mediators, while acne-induced macular erythema reflects vascular alterations. Both AIH and acne-induced macular erythema can persist for months or even years, significantly contributing to the psychosocial burden of acne and negatively impacting patients’ quality of life — sometimes to a greater extent than active acne itself. Female individuals, darker skin color, severe acne, facial sites, excessive sunlight exposure, and traumatized lesions are important risk factors for AIH. Diagnosis relies on visual inspection, acne history, and skin phototype assessment. Treatment options include topical agents such as azelaic acid, retinoids, antioxidants, and hydroquinone, as well as systemic therapies such as isotretinoin, oral antibiotics, and oral tranexamic acid. Chemical peeling and energy-based devices, including lasers and microneedling, offer additional therapeutic avenues. Photoprotection is crucial in managing AIH, particularly in skin of color patients. Despite the high prevalence of AIH, there is a lack of validated patient-reported outcome measures specific to AIH/acne-induced macular erythema, highlighting the need for further research and standardized assessment tools. This article provides a practical approach, highlighting therapeutic strategies and recommendations for AIH across all skin types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 4","pages":"697 - 707"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148148081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dermatologic Adverse Events Associated with T-Cell Engager Therapy","authors":"Mihir K. Patil,&nbsp;Brigette Wang,&nbsp;Nicole R. LeBoeuf,&nbsp;Vinod E. Nambudiri,&nbsp;Connie R. Shi","doi":"10.1007/s40257-026-01041-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40257-026-01041-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>T-cell engager therapies, including bispecific T-cell engagers and the immune-mobilizing monoclonal T-cell receptor against cancer tebentafusp, are an emerging class of anticancer immunotherapy, with rapid expansion of the class since initial approval of blinatumomab in 2014 and with distinct dermatologic adverse events increasingly recognized across agents. Tebentafusp and talquetamab demonstrate highest rates of notable dermatologic toxicity reflecting on-target off-tumor cutaneous effects. Tebentafusp produces dermatologic adverse events in the majority of treated patients, characterized by diffuse erythematous and frequently photodistributed eruptions. Talquetamab is notable for a characteristic constellation of cutaneous, nail, and oral toxicities linked to target G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member D expression in keratinized tissues. Subcutaneous cluster of differentiation (CD)20- and B-cell maturation antigen-targeted agents frequently cause injection-site reactions, generally low-grade and self-limited. Blinatumomab and other CD19- and CD20-directed agents have been associated with a spectrum of heterogeneous rashes. Across agents, most dermatologic adverse events can be managed with topical corticosteroids, emollients, antihistamines, or brief courses of systemic corticosteroids without requiring treatment discontinuation. Recognition of these agent-specific and mechanistically linked patterns is essential for dermatologists as T-cell engager therapies become increasingly integrated into oncology practice.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7706,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Clinical Dermatology","volume":"27 4","pages":"789 - 802"},"PeriodicalIF":11.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148142543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}