{"title":"Three electrophoretic techniques comparison for des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin detection.","authors":"M Belle, M Guillaumont, M Leclercq, R Guinet","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Des-gamma-carboxyprothrombin (DCP) is a marker that appears in the blood when modifications of vitamin K-dependent proteins carboxylation cycle occur. About 280 human plasma samples of diverse origins were tested by three different electrophoretic techniques for the evaluation of DCP: rocket immunoelectrophoresis (RIE) before and after barium carbonate adsorption, crossed affinoimmunoelectrophoresis (CAIE) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in presence of calcium lactate followed by immunoblotting (PAGE-blot). A good correlation was found between CAIE and PAGE-blot in the CAIE detection limit, but not between RIE and the two other techniques. PAGE-blot was more sensitive than RIE and CAIE and allowed reliable quantification of abnormal prothrombin in plasma.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 2","pages":"73-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12648147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Virulence associated proteins of Brucella abortus identified by paired two-dimensional gel electrophoretic comparisons of virulent, vaccine and LPS deficient strains.","authors":"B A Sowa, K A Kelly, T A Ficht, L G Adams","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To identify molecular determinants of virulence, the proteins of Brucella abortus strains 2308 (virulent), S19 (vaccine) and lipopolysaccharide deficient rough mutants derived from each (RB51 and S19M3 respectively) were compared by 2-D gel electrophoresis. A total of 996 proteins were identified on autoradiographs of 2-D gels containing [35S]-labeled proteins from these four strains. Proteins differing qualitatively or quantitatively (greater than or equal to 10X) between 2308 and S19 are implicated in virulence and are identified by Mr and pI. Paired comparisons of proteins present in both 2308 and RB51 and missing in both S19 and M3 were used to make tentative identification of 14 putative virulence proteins representing primary expression of genetic differences between virulent and vaccine strains. 28 proteins and/or core lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes involved in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide were identified by paired comparisons of proteins present in both smooth strains and missing in both rough strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 1","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12767072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J D Tissot, P Schneider, P Hohlfeld, J F Tolsa, A Calame, D F Hochstrasser
{"title":"Monoclonal gammopathy in a 30 weeks old premature infant.","authors":"J D Tissot, P Schneider, P Hohlfeld, J F Tolsa, A Calame, D F Hochstrasser","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence of monoclonal gammopathy in childhood is extremely rare. This report describes the presence of a monoclonal immunoglobulin in a 30 week old premature infant, incidentally discovered by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) during an ongoing study of the plasma/serum protein development. Comparative analysis of the electrophoretogram of the infant with 'reference' protein maps revealed the presence of an 'abnormal' immunoglobulin light chain spot. A spot having an identical apparent molecular weight and isoelectric point was also detected after 2D-PAGE of the mother's plasma and its Protein-A purified immunoglobulin fraction. The observation of a monoclonal gammopathy in a premature infant, most likely transmitted from his mother, highlights the potential usefulness of 2D-PAGE in the clinical laboratory.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 2","pages":"67-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12648145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O G Golaz, C Walzer, D Hochstrasser, B Bjellqvist, H Turler, L Balant
{"title":"Red blood cell protein map: a comparison between carrier-ampholyte pH gradient and immobilized pH gradient, and identification of four red blood cell enzymes.","authors":"O G Golaz, C Walzer, D Hochstrasser, B Bjellqvist, H Turler, L Balant","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was (a) to establish a red blood cell (RBC) protein map with immobilized pH gradient for the first dimension (b) to compare the pattern with previously published RBC protein map obtained with carrier-ampholyte pH gradients and (c) to localize four new enzymes on the map (i.e. 6-phosphogluconic dehydrogenase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase). This publication provides the most updated RBC polypeptide pattern with twelve proteins or enzymes localized on the map.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 2","pages":"77-82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12648149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S M Watson, J D Ban, G T Duncan, K E Noppinger, D J Saxner
{"title":"Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of zoo animals using HaeIII and four single-locus probes.","authors":"S M Watson, J D Ban, G T Duncan, K E Noppinger, D J Saxner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Using HaeIII as the restriction endonuclease, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of dried blood samples from various animals was conducted. Single-locus probes D2S44, D10S28, D1S7, and D4S139, as well as monomorphic probe D7Z2, were used to examine for banding patterns. If bands were present, the samples were further examined for heterogeneity (whether single or multiple bands were observed) and polymorphism (whether variation in band location was shown between the animals studied within a species). Blood samples from animals, including primates, were obtained from Miami Metrozoo, Miami, Florida. Some of the animals were non-related individuals while others were related. Banding patterns were observed in colobus' for D2S44, D1S7, and D4S139; owl monkeys for D2S44; gorillas for D2S44 and D4S139; gibbons for D2S44 and D4S139; siamangs for D2S44, talapoins for DiS7; cranes for D1S7; and otters for D1S7. Based upon these, all of the animals for which a conclusion could be drawn appeared to be homozygous and monomorphic (exhibited only an invariant single band) for the loci examined except colobus' for D4S139, gorillas for D4S139, cranes for D1S7, and otters for D1S7.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 2","pages":"109-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12534187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Electrophoresis and silver staining of rat urinary proteins including alpha 2u-globulin (rat n II).","authors":"T Marshall, K M Williams, C Bayard, O Vesterberg","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and silver staining have been used to monitor the fractionation of rat urinary proteins by Amicon Centriprep C30/C10 ultrafiltration and to assess the purification of alpha 2u-globulin, a laboratory animal allergen, precipitated by exhaustive dialysis. Factors influencing the protein composition of rat urine have been identified. Dialysis procedures have been evaluated for precipitation of alpha 2u-globulin and ultrafiltration used for further purification of the allergen.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"2 6","pages":"189-92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12546642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of operating variables on the separation of DNA molecules by capillary polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.","authors":"A Guttman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The influence of operating conditions on the separation of double stranded DNA molecules in capillary polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is presented in continuation of previous work. In this study, an equation was derived that relates the effects of electrophoresis variables such as gel concentration, field strength, molecular weight and temperature to the migration velocity. As a model system, phage phi X174 DNA restriction fragments obtained by digestion with HaeIII have been examined. As an illustration of optimized conditions, DNA molecules up to the 10(3) base pair range were separated at high temperature (50 degrees C) in less than 6 min and with efficiencies as high as 5000 plates m-1 s-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 2","pages":"91-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12534189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P E Mayrand, K P Corcoran, J S Ziegle, J M Robertson, L B Hoff, M N Kronick
{"title":"The use of fluorescence detection and internal lane standards to size PCR products automatically.","authors":"P E Mayrand, K P Corcoran, J S Ziegle, J M Robertson, L B Hoff, M N Kronick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have developed chemical procedures, optical and electrophoretic instrumentation and computer software automate the analysis of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. DNA molecules labeled with up to four different fluorescent dyes are analyzed within a single electrophoresis gel lane. A size calibration curve is created for each electrophoresis lane from the electrophoretogram of uniquely labeled DNA fragments belonging to an internal lane standard that co-electrophoreses with the PCR products. The unknown molecular lengths of PCR products are automatically calculated from the calibration curve. Data from control experiments with DNA segments of known molecular length demonstrate the accuracy and precision of such sizing. This system has been applied to the analysis of PCR products for research in the areas of human identification, genetic mapping and genetic disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12766450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B A Merrick, C Y He, W A Craig, G C Clark, E Corsini, G J Rosenthal, B K Mansfield, J K Selkirk
{"title":"Two dimensional gel electrophoresis of cellular and secreted proteins from rat alveolar macrophages after lipopolysaccharide treatment.","authors":"B A Merrick, C Y He, W A Craig, G C Clark, E Corsini, G J Rosenthal, B K Mansfield, J K Selkirk","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Two dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D PAGE) and automated image analysis were used to study the effects of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activation on secreted and cellular rat alveolar macrophage proteins. Primary alveolar macrophages were cultured and exposed to LPS in the presence of [35S]-methionine for 24 h. Image analysis of 2-D PAGE revealed that LPS treatment primarily modulated the proportions of several alveolar macrophage cellular proteins versus control in addition to limited protein induction and repression. The differential effect of LPS was more pronounced on secreted proteins where qualitative and quantitative differences from control cells were found. Immunoblots of secreted proteins with anti-tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and anti-interleukin-1 alpha(IL-1 alpha) antibodies identified these monokines from protein fluorographic patterns. IL-1 alpha was detected as a single polypeptide of 17 kD at pI = 5. Use of recombinant TNF alpha and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies for immunodetection revealed the 17 kD form of TNF alpha as well as higher molecular weight species at 18 kD and 22 kD. Thus, analysis of radiolabeled rat macrophages treated with LPS reveals quantitative modulation of several cellular proteins as well as a distinctive pattern of secreted proteins which contain multiple monokine forms resolvable by 2-D PAGE.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"2 6","pages":"177-87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12735573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-dimensional gel analysis of serum apolipoprotein A-I isoforms: preliminary analysis suggests altered ratios in individuals with heart disease.","authors":"A Burgess-Cassler, J J Johansen, N C Kendrick","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the major protein component of high-density lipoprotein, is quantified in a number of ways, typically by immunochemical methods. Commercial tests do not discriminate among isoforms of apo A-I. Two-dimensional electrophoresis, however, segregates and differentiates these isoforms, primarily due to charge variations among the various species. Stained two-dimensional gels can be scanned using high-resolution laser densitometry, and the isoforms can then be quantified using image analysis software. Human sera from coronary heart disease (CHD) patients (n = 36) and sex-matched and close-age-matched individuals (n = 36) with no known CHD were analyzed, to determine the relative abundance for each isoform within a given serum. In this preliminary study, we observed statistically significant differences between the two groups, suggesting altered post-translational processing from the proapo A-I and mature apo A-I isoforms to their adjacent isoforms for patients with histories of heart disease. In two instances, the P values were less than 0.005; in two others, P values were less than 0.001.</p>","PeriodicalId":77007,"journal":{"name":"Applied and theoretical electrophoresis : the official journal of the International Electrophoresis Society","volume":"3 1","pages":"41-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1992-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"12767073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}