American Anthropologist最新文献

{"title":"Porous becomings: Anthropological engagements with Michel Serres By Andreas Bandak, Daniel M. Knight, Durham: Duke University Press. 2024. 344 pp.","authors":"Michael Degani","doi":"10.1111/aman.28035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28035","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"127 1","pages":"226-227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slaughterhouse tours in Denmark: Affective nationalism in the making of citizen-consumers and the industrial slaughter of happy pigs","authors":"Eimear Mc Loughlin","doi":"10.1111/aman.28031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article examines how tours of an industrial pig slaughterhouse reinforce the continued enfoldment of Danish pigs into the fabrication of Danish national identity, an enfoldment that underpins the formulation of subjects, human as well as more-than-human. A discourse analysis that weaves ethnographic moments from the tours and tour narratives along with historical and literary influences on Danish national identity and current debates on “Danishness” explores how narrativizing industrial slaughter is a means of formulating subjects that are sustained by agricultural histories, existential texts, and fairy tales. Through “humanizing” slaughterhouse conditions, tour guides are performing a kind of affective and pedagogical labor that produces modernist subjects, from the citizen-consumer to that of the happy pig. In consuming happy Danish pigs, citizen-consumers consolidate what it means to be Danish as they tacitly accept the industrial sacrifice of pigs, whose lives are worthy of living but crucially, also, worthy of taking. This work demonstrates how a multispecies awareness can enrich our understanding of the complex, unstable, and inseparable emergence of value production, nationhood, and capitalist subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"127 1","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boarding school voices: Carlisle Indian students speak By Arnold Krupat, Lincoln, NE: University of Nebraska Press, 2021. 351 pp.","authors":"Davina R. Two Bears","doi":"10.1111/aman.28033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"127 1","pages":"224-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnosis, visibility, and “Illnesses You Have to Fight to Get”","authors":"Melina Sherman","doi":"10.1111/aman.28030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28030","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This essay uses the author's lived experience as a person with bipolar disorder to explore the meaning of living with an “illness you have to fight to get.” Drawing on her own life trajectory, as well as on the work of Joseph Dumit and many other scholars who have written about chronic illness, the author reviews the main characteristics that belong to chronic, invisibilized conditions and the implications such characteristics have for the people who experience illness. After reviewing five key traits, the essay dives deeper into the promises and pitfalls of being diagnosed with “illnesses you have to fight to get.” The essay ends with a call to action and ideas for how scholars, advocates, others can help empower and support the ongoing struggle of those who live with invisibilized chronic illnesses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"127 1","pages":"201-207"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Putting Big Tech in its place: A view of the virtual from Los Angeles","authors":"Lisa Messeri","doi":"10.1111/aman.28029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article considers how ideas about technology take on distinct and divergent meanings in different centers of power. Through a study of the virtual reality (VR) community in Los Angeles, I identify concepts and ideas that seem to immutably travel between LA and San Francisco's Silicon Valley but that through ethnographic examination reveal flexible, local meanings. VR's charismatic identification as an empathy machine, connections between storytelling and innovation, and appeals to workforce diversity all travel widely through networks occupied by tech elites. While these common concerns were discussed in multiple places, attention to local differences revealed the flexible meanings attached to these conversations. This, in turn, surfaced overlooked narratives and understudied networks of power that expand the terrain upon which VR in specific and tech in general can be critiqued and understood.</p>","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"127 1","pages":"58-68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“We're tired of this Weber guy!”—Force experts, police reforms, and the violence of standardization","authors":"Hayal Akarsu","doi":"10.1111/aman.28028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28028","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since the mid-2000s, the use-of-force continuum—a global standard for providing law enforcement with guidelines on the proportionate use of force—has been central in Turkish police training and reporting practices. Liberal police accountability tools, like the use-of-force continuum, rely on standardization to prevent police violence. Yet these techniques still result in maimed bodies and psyches and police impunity. Rather than taking the standardization of police force simply as a failed project, a sham, or a mere techno-fix, I examine how powerful actors like police align with such standards and how they start thinking and acting through them while repurposing them. Drawing on 18 months of fieldwork between 2015 and 2017 among the Turkish National Police, I show how the transnational standardization of police force has in fact enabled police in Turkey to redefine and ultimately reclaim the violence they are professionalized in as what I call “force experts.” Force defies standardization in both theory and practice; however, what sanctions police violence now is not just technical standardization but the expert framing of the democratically reformed police force. This is the violence of standardization, especially in contexts where governments retool reforms to criminalize suspect Others whom they perceive as a “threat” to their rule.</p>","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"127 1","pages":"5-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aman.28028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toward an anthropology that cares: Lessons from the Academic Carework project","authors":"Nikky Greer PhD,&nbsp;Jill Fleuriet PhD,&nbsp;Rebecca Galemba PhD,&nbsp;Sallie Han PhD","doi":"10.1111/aman.28027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Anthropologists’ cross-cultural studies of kinship, gender, and caregiving have shown how care is fundamental to the human experience. Ironically, anthropologists have been relatively silent about the caregiving we ourselves do. To understand these experiences, we conducted an online survey (<i>N </i>= 492), seven focus groups (<i>N </i>= 31), and seven in-depth interviews of anthropologists in various career stages. We use the term “academic carework” both to describe labor made invisible through caregiving and to recognize caring relations that structure our academic work. We show how carework challenges are experienced along axes of race, gender, class, sexuality, age, and precarious academic status, underscoring how anthropology reproduces itself as a privileged space in the context of the deterioration of working conditions in the neoliberal academy. We proceed to illustrate how the prevailing institutional strategy of temporary accommodation temporally confines caregiving experiences that are ongoing and compounding. An accommodation approach encourages caregivers to interpret structural problems as individual struggles and to discipline themselves accordingly, even as they critique its neoliberal underpinnings. We offer recommendations to address the impacts of carework on professional trajectories. More broadly, however, we look to new anthropologies of care for inspiration to imagine a more inclusive anthropology.</p>","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"126 4","pages":"658-672"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parenting and the production of ethnographic knowledge","authors":"Jessica Barnes,&nbsp;Kate McGurn Centellas","doi":"10.1111/aman.28026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"126 4","pages":"722-730"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why I quit and why I stay","authors":"Elizabeth Chin","doi":"10.1111/aman.28025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"126 4","pages":"551-552"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paul Edward Farmer (1959–2022)","authors":"Seth M. Holmes,&nbsp;Angela C. Jenks","doi":"10.1111/aman.28019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.28019","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Paul Edward Farmer died on February 21, 2022, in Butaro, Rwanda (Figure 1). From a childhood living with his family of eight in a converted school bus, he became a prominent public anthropologist, global health physician, and leading medical humanitarian and health justice advocate. Farmer helped build hospitals, medical schools, and community care networks for the poor in numerous countries. He cofounded the organization Partners In Health (PIH) which modeled new approaches in global health policy and healthcare, cultivating partnerships between wealthy and poor institutions and demonstrating that diseases like TB, HIV, and Ebola can and must be treated among all people, including the poor. He advanced understandings of structural violence, illuminating the mechanisms through which social forces like poverty and racism cause harm, and he joined others to demand meaningful change from those in power.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Farmer was born October 26, 1959, in North Adams, Massachusetts, the second of six children. His father, “Paul Senior,” was a “free spirit” who rejected class hierarchies and taught his children to stand up for the underdog. Paul Sr. worked as a high school math teacher, coach, salesman, and traveling film projectionist. Paul's mother, Ginny, raised the children before completing her degree at Smith College and becoming a librarian. Their father gave his children drive, discipline, and principled defiance of authority; their mother gave them compassion, kindness, and warmth. When Paul Jr. (his siblings called him “PJ”) was young, the family moved to Birmingham, Alabama, then to Brooksville, Florida, where they lived in campgrounds in repurposed buses and later in a houseboat anchored in Jenkins Creek. The family bathed in the creek and brought drinking water from town. One summer when it was especially difficult for the family to make ends meet, Paul and his siblings worked several days harvesting oranges in the orchards nearby, later remembering how difficult the work was (Farmer, &lt;span&gt;2009&lt;/span&gt;). His siblings remember PJ as especially academically inclined. He was the founding President of the Herpetology Club in junior high and at age 11 used a pointer and his own drawings to teach his family about reptiles.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Farmer attended Duke University on a full scholarship, majoring in biochemistry until his third year when he was “hooked” by a medical anthropology course (Farmer, &lt;span&gt;1985&lt;/span&gt;) and changed to anthropology. In the class, he read Shirley Lindenbaum's (&lt;span&gt;1979&lt;/span&gt;) analysis of the frightening infectious disease kuru (the first recorded prion disease among humans) through the lenses of history, colonialism, and sorcery as well as biomedicine. He read Arthur Kleinman's (&lt;span&gt;1981&lt;/span&gt;) &lt;i&gt;Patients and Healers in the Context of Culture&lt;/i&gt; and began a multiyear correspondence with Kleinman about his growing interests in psychological and medical anthropology. One of Farmer's mentors at Duke, Atwood Gaines, hired Farm","PeriodicalId":7697,"journal":{"name":"American Anthropologist","volume":"126 4","pages":"742-752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/aman.28019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}