Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition最新文献

{"title":"Modern management of childhood diabetes: a role for computerized devices?","authors":"F Chiarelli,&nbsp;L Di Ricco,&nbsp;M Catino,&nbsp;G Sabatino,&nbsp;A Verrotti","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01935.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01935.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Technology is increasingly relevant in everyday life and it can be very interesting to apply it also in the field of diabetes as it can be one way of ensuring better care. In the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial, the intensively treated patients were seen fortnightly in hospital and contacted even more frequently by telephone during the day as well as at night. For these reasons, health reforms are undergoing a radical change in an attempt to reduce the spiraling costs of health care provision. Therefore, it can be useful to use information technology (IT) in diabetes care. The European Federation for Medical Informatics recently established some Special Issues to advance IT initiatives that may be able to address the problem of adjusting the insulin dose and controlling blood glucose (BG) levels, as well as assisting in the provision of modern-day diabetes care. The Special Issues can be classified under the following headings: databases, algorithms, decision support, models and education. It can be useful to develop a prototype computer system that can be applied to different areas of clinical diabetes care; computerized out-patients' clinical databases that store patients' clinical and biochemical data; statistical and graphical analysis programs that help the clinician; dietary analysis programs which examine food composition and dietary exchanges and help devise meal plans; hand-held insulin dosage adjustment computers that advise patients on a day-by-day or even meal-by-meal basis; expert systems and question and answer programs for patients' education, and finally games for children. These systems have the potential to be useful tools in many aspects of diabetes care but their utilization by the vast majority of the health care community has been extremely limited. Nonetheless, computers cannot substitute for the pediatric diabetes team, which remains the major determinant for better care of diabetes in children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"299-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01935.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective analysis of clonality and detection of residual disease in myeloid leukemia by FISH on long-term stored bone marrow smears.","authors":"N Hyakuna,&nbsp;K Naritomi,&nbsp;E Ito","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01939.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01939.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) has allowed the detection of numerical chromosomal aberrations in interphase nuclei on fresh or frozen smears of leukemia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To analyze clonality and residual disease in myeloid leukemia retrospectively, we applied FISH to bone marrow smears stored at ambient temperature for up to 9 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When hybridization efficiency was investigated on stored control smears from patients without hematological malignancy, more than 96% of nuclei showed the expected number of signals using DNA probes specific for chromosome 7, X or Y. In combination with cell morphology, we observed much higher hybridization efficiency in blasts and granulomonocytic cells compared with lymphoid and erythroid cells. On the basis of good hybridization efficiency for old smear specimens, we applied FISH to stored bone marrow smears of myeloid leukemias, in which either loss of chromosome 7 or loss of sex chromosomes had been verified previously by conventional cytogenetics (one patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) and four with acute myeloid leukemia (AML; three M2 and one M7)). As a result, the loss of chromosome was detected in blasts from all patients and was observed in mature granulocytes, except in M7. In the CMML patient and one AML (M2) patient with t(8;21), lymphoid and erythroid cells also showed the loss of chromosomes, suggesting that it should occur at stem-cell level. A high amount of residual disease was detected in the morphological remission samples in one AML (M2) patient after induction therapy. The patient eventually succumbed to relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Thus, the present FISH technique is useful to analyze the clinical significance of clonality and the residual disease in myeloid leukemia, retrospectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"318-23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01939.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An infant case of bilateral small kidneys with both proximal and distal tubular dysfunction.","authors":"H Tanaka,&nbsp;T Nakahata,&nbsp;R Ito,&nbsp;N Onodera,&nbsp;S Waga","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01950.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01950.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A male infant with bilateral small kidneys associated with both proximal and distal tubular dysfunction, who showed chronic renal failure soon after birth, is reported. He was also noted to have both proximal and distal type of renal tubular acidosis. The small kidneys were thought to be due to renal hypodysplasia associated with bilateral severe vesicoureteral reflux, by radiological findings. An alkalization therapy with chemoprophylaxis seemed to be of benefit in slowing the progression of renal failure in this case.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"367-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01950.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolated deficiency of glucocorticoids presenting with cholestasis.","authors":"M Berberoğlu,&nbsp;S Yiğit,&nbsp;G Ocal,&nbsp;A Kansu,&nbsp;A Tarcan,&nbsp;N Girgin,&nbsp;E Suskan","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01953.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01953.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Isolated deficiency of glucocorticoids is characterized by elevated levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) and normal aldosterone production. It is rare for isolated deficiency of glucocorticoids to be associated with liver involvement. A case of an infant with isolated deficiency of glucocorticoids presenting with cholestasis is presented in this article. A male infant on his 39th postnatal day was referred to our hospital for evaluation of prolonged jaundice and convulsion. He had two episodes of hypoglycemic convulsion on postnatal 8th and 39th day, after which he was admitted to our hospital.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Physical examination revealed systemic jaundice, hyperpigmentation of the skin, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly on admission. He had normal male genitalia with 3.5 cm of penis and bilateral scrotal testes. Laboratory values were as follows: glucose 45 mg/dL, total biluribin 18.14 mg/dL, direct biluribin 6.54 mg/dL, aspartate aminotransferase 378 IU/L, alanine aminotransferase 46 IU/L, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 1302 IU/L. In abdominal ultrasound and biliary tract scanning, extra- and intrahepatic biliary tracts were shown to be normal. Finally, biopsy of the liver revealed cholestasis. An endocrinological evaluation showed high levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH, 1000 pg/mL), low levels of cortisol (1 microgram/dL) and normal aldosterone levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The diagnosis of cholestasis secondary to isolated glucocorticoid deficiency was suspected with clinical and laboratory findings. Hydrocortisone treatment (30 mg/m2 per day) was initiated after which hyperpigmentation and jaundice decreased and ACTH and ALP levels reduced to 39 pg/mL and 440 IU/l, respectively. We emphasize that cholestasis in infants may be a component of isolated deficiency of glucocorticoids.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"378-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01953.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renal functional reserve in insulin dependent diabetic children.","authors":"S Semiz,&nbsp;I Bircan,&nbsp;G G Yilmaz,&nbsp;B Karayalçin,&nbsp;A G Güven","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01944.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01944.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Microalbuminuria has been shown to be predictive for clinical diabetic nephropathy. Renal functional reserve (RFR), as a response to protein loading in a short period of time, is a parameter to assess the ability of kidneys to increase the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The aim of this study was to predict the early phase of diabetic nephropathy by measuring urinary albumin level and RFR capacity in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-two patients with IDDM were studied: 11 with a disease duration of less than 5 years (group 1) and 11 with a disease duration of more than 5 years (group 2). As the control group, 15 healthy children (group 3) were included in the study. At the beginning of the study, glucose was measured and the urinary albumin/creatinine ratio was calculated. Average glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) over 1 year was determined. After protein loading (red meat containing 2 g/kg of protein), the creatinine clearance was calculated at each hour for a duration of 4 h. The RFR was accepted as the peak percentage increase in GFR over the baseline value.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although metabolic control in group 2 was better, the RFR in group 2 was significantly lower than in group 1 (P < 0.05). Urinary microalbumin levels between the groups did not differ (P > 0.05). In two patients in whom microalbuminuria was detected, the RFR was much lower.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Detecting lower RFR levels in patients with normal urinary albumin excretion, as well as in patients with microalbuminuria, may support the idea that the RFR capacity is more sensitive than microalbuminuria in assessing the early phase of diabetic nephropathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"341-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01944.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serodiagnosis of infectious mononucleosis in children.","authors":"H Wakiguchi,&nbsp;H Hisakawa,&nbsp;H Kubota,&nbsp;T Kurashige","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01941.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01941.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although anti-viral capsid antigen (VCA)-immunoglobin M (IgM) is the most reliable serological marker of primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, it could only be detected in limited cases of infectious mononucleosis in children. We analyzed anti-EBV antibodies by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), a sensitive method for detecting IgM antibody and compared these results with those obtained by a conventional indirect immunofluorescence (IF) method.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anti-Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EA)-IgM and nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1)-IgG were examined by an ELISA assay in 180 sera from 70 infants and children with infectious mononucleosis, diagnosed serologically by standard IF methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although by IF, VCA-IgM was detected in only 37 of 70 (52.9%) of the sera from the acute phase of the disease, by ELISA, EA-IgM was detected in 65/70 (92.9%) of these sera. Among infants less than 12 months of age. EA-IgM was positive in 11/13 cases (84.6%) while VCA-IgM was detected in only 3/13 cases (23.1%). Anti-Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1-IgG was not detected by ELISA in the sera from the acute phase of infectious mononucleosis. Anti-EBNA was not detected by IF in about one-third of the sera during 6-8 months after onset of the disease, whereas by ELISA, EBNA1-IgG was detected in 93.0%. Sera that were positive or negative for both EA-IgM and EBNA1-IgG by ELISA were observed in several cases after the patients recovered from the disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although serodiagnosis by the combination of ELISA for EA-IgM and EBNAI-IgG was more sensitive than IF methods, especially in the case of infants and young children, several patients during convalescence and recovery might be judged as seronegative or as being in highly reactivated states.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"328-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01941.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of excitatory aminoacids in neonatal hypoglycemia.","authors":"Y Z Aral,&nbsp;K Gücüyener,&nbsp;Y Atalay,&nbsp;A Hasanoğlu,&nbsp;C Türkyilmaz,&nbsp;A Sayal,&nbsp;G Biberoğlu","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01936.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01936.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In many neurological disorders, injury to neurons may be due in part to overstimulation of the receptors for the excitatory amino acids glutamate and aspartate. The same excitotoxic mechanism and high aspartate levels in experimental studies led to this study of the concentrations of glutamate and aspartate and zinc, copper, and magnesium levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of hypoglycemic newborns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Aspartate and glutamate were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography, and magnesium, zinc and copper by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CSF levels of aspartate (3.98 +/- 1.77 mumol/L) and glutamate (1.7 +/- 1.05 mumol/L) in 20 hypoglycemic newborns were significantly higher when compared with the values of aspartate (2.19 +/- 0.6 mumol/L) and glutamate (0.77 +/- 0.34 mumol/L) of 10 control newborns. In the hypoglycemic patients, the concentration of zinc (0.57 +/- 0.13 microgram/mL), but not copper (0.39 +/- 0.40 microgram/mL) was significantly lower when compared with the control values. There was no difference in the magnesium levels between the two groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The higher levels of excitatory amino acids found in the CSF of hypoglycemic infants than in controls were consistent with previous animal studies, which may indicate the role of excitatory amino acids in the late biochemical effects of hypoglycemia in newborn brain metabolism.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"303-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01936.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffuse brain damage caused by acute twin-twin transfusion during late pregnancy.","authors":"H Wada,&nbsp;K Nunogami,&nbsp;T Wada,&nbsp;Y Niida,&nbsp;A Yachie,&nbsp;S Koizumi","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01951.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01951.x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background: Monoamniotic twinning is a relatively rare event with increased antenatal and perinatal mortality. We desscribe a brain damage detected in a surviving monoamniotic twin after intrauterine death of the co‐twin at 37 weeks of gestation.","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"370-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01951.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum levels of C3 and factors I and B in minimal change disease.","authors":"T Patiroglu,&nbsp;A Melikoglu,&nbsp;R Dusunsel","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01942.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01942.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Relapses are an important problem in minimal change disease, which accounts for most of the cases of childhood nephrotic syndrome. Because of defects in the humoral immune system, patients are predisposed to infection in nephrotic syndrome and infection is the most important complication that determines mortality and morbidity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, serum levels of Factors I and B and C3 were studied to evaluate the relationships between nephrotic syndrome and infection in 17 children with nephrotic syndrome (24-96 months of age) and 10 healthy children (27-84 months of age).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Serum levels of Factors I and B were found to be lowered in the active disease group compared with the control group. These values were lowest for the infection group. Although it was observed that these values increased with steroid treatment, they did not reach normal levels. The parameters in remission were not different from the parameters in the control subjects. The serum level of C3 was found to be high during the active disease state and returned to normal levels during remission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The patients with active minimal change disease had infections such as peritonitis, septicemia and urinary tract infection because of low concentrations of Factors I and B in their sera.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"333-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01942.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of infants' growth in the Kingdom of Nepal.","authors":"S Hosono,&nbsp;M Okazaki,&nbsp;S Kagimoto,&nbsp;K Ogawa,&nbsp;K Matunaga,&nbsp;T Oishi,&nbsp;T Ohno,&nbsp;S Yamaguchi,&nbsp;K Joh,&nbsp;S Akashi,&nbsp;K Yamamoto,&nbsp;S Kohno,&nbsp;T Honma,&nbsp;K N Shakya","doi":"10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01946.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01946.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The His Majesty's Government/Japan International Cooperation Agency Primary Health Care Project began in April 1993 in collaboration with the Saitama Prefectural Government, for the purpose of improving the health status of the people in model districts of the Kingdom of Nepal. Growth monitoring is one of the basic methods that defines the health and nutritional status of children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Anthropometric indices were measured in 759 children in the Bhaktapur district. We used the World Health Organization prototype growth chart and national growth standard for Japanese children (1990) to analyze the growth data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that the average bodyweight growth curve of children up to 4 months of age followed the 50th percentile reference curve. For children of 5-12 months of age, there was a delay in bodyweight gain and the growth curve reached the 3rd percentile curve. For children more than 1 year old, the growth curve moved below the third percentile curve. Catch-up growth did not occur before the children reached 5 years of age. The main causes of catch-up growth being hampered were chronic undernutrition and inadequate nutritional balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As this was the first opportunity to evaluate infant growth in this district, the first important consequence of the results was to analyze the causes of growth faltering and failure-to-thrive in Nepalese children. Even more important, was the need to give appropriate counseling on improving feeding and other health-related practices, and the most important consequence of all was to instruct Nepalese health workers that utilizing the growth charts is an integral part of health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":76975,"journal":{"name":"Acta paediatrica Japonica : Overseas edition","volume":"40 4","pages":"350-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.1442-200x.1998.tb01946.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"20659633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}