Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin最新文献

{"title":"[Analysis of the biological effect of city smog extract. V. Comparative investigations on the effect of city smog extracts on DNA synthesis of Syrian hamster kidney and embryonic cells and of African green monkey kidney cells in vitro (author's transl)].","authors":"G Krampitz,&nbsp;N Seemayer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We analysed the effect of two samples of city smog extract from Bochum and Duisburg on DNA synthesis of mammalian cells in vitro. As a test system we used tissue cultures of kidney and embryonic cells from the Syrian golden hamster and monkey kidney cells from Cercopithecus aethiops. DNA synthesis of cells was measured by autoradiography using 3H-Thymidine. Both samples of city smog extract exerted a dose-dependent decrease of the rate of DNA synthesis in tissue culture cells. These alterations of nucleic acid metabolism were expressed by a reduction of DNA-synthesizing cells and by a delay of entrance of cells in DNA synthesis. High concentrations of city smog extracts induced a large number of cell necroses. Monkey kidney cells were more sensitive to the toxic action than hamster cells. Furthermore the city smog extract from Duisburg showed a stronger toxic effect than the extract from Bochum.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"456-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11340311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[On the presence of 20-methylcholanthrene in the atmospheric air (author's transl)].","authors":"Z Morlin,&nbsp;M Kertész,&nbsp;A Kiss,&nbsp;J Szeili","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The strongly carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon 20-Methylcholanthrene was detected in the urban atmospheric air in Budapest (the capital of Hungary). The main source of this pollution seems to be the motor vehicle traffic, since samples from a heavy traffic junction contained up to six times higher 20-Methylcholanthrene concentrations than samples from a low traffic area. Ultraviolet absorption spectrophotometry yielded similar results. The presence of 20-Methylcholanthrene is apparently connected with the presence of 3,4-Benzpyrene and 1,2-Benzpyrene, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"446-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11315402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relative frequency of mammary, colonic, rectal, and pancreatic cancer in a large autopsy series. Statistical associations between mortality rates from these cancers: dietary fat intake as a common aetiological variable.","authors":"R Zaldívar,&nbsp;W H Wetterstrand,&nbsp;G L Ghai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"474-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11749605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Course of antibiotic sensitivities in Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus from animals.","authors":"P J van Dijck,&nbsp;H van de Voorde","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to establish the evolution of resistance against the common antibiotics from the beginning of their use up to the present time, the sensitivity of Escherichia coli isolated from the cecum of wild boars was determined. The MIC's of E. coli from these animals in a zoological garden was examined for comparison. The samples from the wild boars were collected in five forests in the Belgian Ardennes. The MIC's obtained (Table 1) are comparable to the mean values given in the early literature concerning strains of human origin (Table 7). E. coli from wild boars in a zoological garden has less sensitivity than from domesticated animals. However, the MIC's of staphylococci from fecal matter of the animals in captivity were not markedly enhanced except for streptomycin (Table 3). It was striking to find that staphylococci were absent in all the fecal samples from the wild boars living in their natural environment. The specific habitat of staphylococci is in man. Wild boars are the ancestors of domestic pigs. The MIC's of E. coli from the latter were determined for evaluation of altered resistance. All isolated strains were fairly resistant to the six substances tested (Table 2). Chloramphenicol was still the most active antibiotic. Staphylococci from some domestic animals (pigs, cattle, chicken) were sensitive to all the substances tested except the aminoglucosides and ampicillin (Table 3). E. coli from pigs bred on large farms in Spain (Toledo and Badajoz Provinces) were also highly resistant (Table 4) to five compounds and sensitive to cephalotin, polymyxin B, furoxone, and Carbadox. The samples obtained from family farms also contained unsensitive strains (Avila Province). These animals had never been given antibacterial feed additives as was confirmed by examination of feed samples (Table 6). Staphylococci when present in the Spanish samples can be considered to be antibiotic sensitive with the same exceptions as in the Belgian samples and also unsensitive to chloramphenicol. The use of antibiotics in animal feed was very common in Spain as was shown by feed analysis (Table 6). The risk of transferable resistance by plasmids between animal species must not be very high. In some cases where resistance formation could be mediated by R-factors, sensitive E. coli or staphylococci were isolated. Resistance was not generalized among animals from the same farm or in adjacent sties. No explanation for this discrepancy was found.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"519-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11603702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The occurrence of salmonellae in drinking water (author's transl)].","authors":"H E Müller","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A total of 7187 samples of drinking water from different areas of the Lower Saxonian District of Braunschweig was investigated according to regulations of the Trinkwasser-Verordnung during June 1977 and May 1979. The bacteriological results are given in Tab. 1 and 2. Salmonellae were isolated in three samples of drinking water and in one sample of sludge from a municipal pipe of drinking water (see also Tab. 2). Additional experiments confirm that growth of salmonellae and other enterobacteria is possible in that sludge (Fig. 1 and 2). These findings implicate some considerations: E. coli and coliforms are the most important microbial water quality indicators of the Trinkwasser-Verordnung. It is presupposed that, when the indicator density is low (less than 1 per 100 ml) the probability that pathogen are present also will be very low. But the question is how low. The risk factor may be estimated on the base of the E. coli-Salmonella ratio in raw sewage of about 10(6). But this relation lessens already in effluents of sewage treatment plants to 10(3) and it seems to be often 10(2) in inadequately disinfected drinking water. For example, we have found four Salmonella serotypes and 408 E. coli during two years. Therefore, the judgement of the presence of E. coli or coliforms in samples of drinking water must impact highly on the improvement of the water quality by disinfection in future.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"551-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11603703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of cadmium-chloride-aerosols on three generations of Wistar-rats (author's transl)].","authors":"C H Weischer,&nbsp;J Greve","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"427-35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11447223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The significance of immunological constellation with regard to the development of hypersensitivity against various chemical compounds (author's transl)].","authors":"S Fodré,&nbsp;K Sipos,&nbsp;G Berencsi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biopon is a generally used detergent containing detergens which does not cause hypersensitivity as was demonstrated by the authors in previous animal experiments. In the present study the authors describe the Haptene character of Biopon which quality could be demonstrated by causing a certain immunological constellation in guinea-pigs on the grounds of a hypothesis. The hypothetical concept consisted in aiding a half-antigen in the organism even in the case of its intradermal injection into a thick immunocompetent cell agglomeration. The authors produced the agglomeration of cells of the skin by means of intradermal injections of alien serum and in with BCG treated animals with tuberculin reaction. Biopon was administered thereafter into the focus by intradermal injection. The presented two aiding methods showed different effects which the authors try to explain by the fact that different adjuvants cause different effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"482-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11749606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[About the temperature dependence of the bactericidal effect of some chemical disinfectants (author's transl)].","authors":"T Schliesser,&nbsp;J M Wiest","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In quantitative suspension tests the influence of different temperatures (4 degrees C, 12 degrees C, 22 degrees C, 37 degrees C, +/- 2 degrees) on the bactericidal effect of formalin, phenol, sodium hydroxide peracetic acid with respect to gram-positive and gram-negative test germs (10(8) KBE/ml original culture) was examined. The results showed for formalin, phenol and sodium hydroxide a distinct temperature factor within the range of the germ-dependent, bactericidal limit concentrations. Compared with the temperature of about 22 degrees C which is normally applied in disinfectants tests revealed that at 12 degrees C the action time had at least to be doubled and at 4 degrees C the action time had to be four times as long for the complete killing of the germs. By contrast, with peracetic acid in its minimum effective concentrations (0.015 to 0.06%) a total germ reduction was attained after identical action times (5 minutes) at temperatures ranging between 4 degrees and 37 degrees C. Recommendations for the use of disinfectants must make allowance for the temperature factor.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"169 5-6","pages":"560-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1979-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11340313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The biochemical activity of the aflatoxins (author's transl)].","authors":"J Reiss","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Results of experiments with the Salmonella typhimurium-liver microsome technique make it evident that the mutagenic and carcinogenic metabolite of aflatoxin B1 is aflatoxin B1-2,3-oxide. This compound forms adducts with guanine in DNA. There is a close relationship between the mutagenic activity and the hepatocarcinogenic property of the different aflatoxin derivatives.</p>","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"167 5-6","pages":"435-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11580576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[On the behaviour of germs during the heat and moisture exchange in air-conditioning plants (author's transl)].","authors":"J Beckert,&nbsp;G Sinner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":76867,"journal":{"name":"Zentralblatt fur Bakteriologie, Parasitenkunde, Infektionskrankheiten und Hygiene. Erste Abteilung Originale. Reihe B: Hygiene, Betriebshygiene, praventive Medizin","volume":"167 5-6","pages":"499-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"11580577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}