Alcohol and drug research最新文献_第8页

Proceedings of the symposium "Pharmacology and Psychobiology of Alcoholism" held at the IVth World Congress of Biological Psychiatry. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 8-13, 1985. 第四届世界生物精神病学大会“酒精中毒的药理学和心理生物学”专题讨论会论文集。1985年9月8日至13日，宾夕法尼亚州费城。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

引用次数: 0

Effect of prenatal ethanol exposure on activity and shuttle avoidance behavior in adult C57 mice. 产前乙醇暴露对成年C57小鼠活动和穿梭回避行为的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

C L Randall, H C Becker, L D Middaugh

{"title":"Effect of prenatal ethanol exposure on activity and shuttle avoidance behavior in adult C57 mice.","authors":"C L Randall, H C Becker, L D Middaugh","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Although the morphological teratogenic actions of ethanol have been well established in mice, studies on the behavioral teratogenic effects of alcohol have been primarily conducted with rats. The purpose of this study was to examine the behavioral effects of prenatal alcohol exposure in C57 mice, a strain known to be highly sensitive to the teratogenic actions of ethanol. Pregnant mice were administered a liquid diet containing 25% ethanol-derived calories (EDC) from day 5 through day 18 of gestation. Control animals were pair-fed an isocaloric 0% EDC diet during the same period of time, with sucrose substituted for ethanol. At 23 days of age, offspring were tested for spontaneous locomotor activity in an open field. At 70 days of age, different offspring were tested in a shuttle-avoidance task. The results demonstrated that the 25% EDC progeny were more active than controls. In addition, prenatal alcohol exposure produced a deficit in acquisition and performance of a shuttle-avoidance task. Alcohol-treated offspring made fewer avoidance responses and required more trials to reach a criterion performance of 10/10 avoidances consecutively followed by at least 9/10 avoidances. These results importantly contribute to the development of an animal model of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome in which both the behavioral and morphological consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure may be assessed in the same species.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"6 5","pages":"351-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14950514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Differential effects of cytosolic modulators of fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in striatum and cerebral cortex. 氟刺激的纹状体和大脑皮层中腺苷酸环化酶活性的胞浆调节剂的差异效应。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

R A Rabin, D C Bode, P B Molinoff

{"title":"Differential effects of cytosolic modulators of fluoride-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in striatum and cerebral cortex.","authors":"R A Rabin, D C Bode, P B Molinoff","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of sodium fluoride (NaF) and ethanol on adenylate cyclase activity were investigated in mouse and rat striatum and cerebral cortex. In a crude homogenate of striatum, NaF (10 mM) had no effect on adenylate cyclase activity even though guanyl-5'-yl-imidodiphosphate (GppNHp) increased enzyme activity by two-fold. Addition of 300 mM ethanol increased basal and GppNHp-stimulated activity and allowed expression of an effect of NaF. Stimulation of adenylate cyclase activity by NaF was also observed after sedimentation and resuspension of membranes. Readdition of the supernatant to washed membranes caused a decrease in maximal NaF-stimulated activity without any change in the concentration of NaF required for half-maximal stimulation. The inhibitory effect of the supernatant was resistant to heat but was eliminated by the addition of ethanol or perchloric acid. Inhibition of NaF-stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in striatal tissue was also observed when assays were carried out in the presence of a 20,000 X g supernatant prepared from cerebral cortex. NaF-stimulated activity in cortical tissue was, on the other hand, enhanced in the presence of a 20,000 X g supernatant prepared from either cortex or striatum. This suggests that there is a basic difference between the adenylate cyclase systems of these tissues.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"6 6","pages":"379-86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"14954773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The effect of stress on tolerance to ethanol in rats. 应激对大鼠乙醇耐受性的影响。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

D M Maier, L A Pohorecky

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Opioid receptors. 阿片受体。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

A Blume

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Comparison between delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabis extract on resorption rate in mice. δ -9-四氢大麻酚与大麻提取物对小鼠吸收率的比较。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

E L Abel, B A Dintcheff

引用次数: 0

Revealing properties of membrane proteins with single channel recording. 用单通道记录揭示膜蛋白的特性。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

C Stevens

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Peptide biosynthesis. 肽生物合成。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

B M Cox

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Electrophysiological effects of cyclazocine on rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons: comparison with phencyclidine. 环唑辛对大鼠小脑浦肯野神经元的电生理作用:与苯环利定的比较。

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

M Kim, K Pang, R Freedman, M Palmer

{"title":"Electrophysiological effects of cyclazocine on rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons: comparison with phencyclidine.","authors":"M Kim, K Pang, R Freedman, M Palmer","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Cyclazocine is a benzomorphan which, in addition to more classical opiate properties, binds to the sigma opiate receptor site. Recently, it has been suggested that the sigma opiate receptor is identical to the binding site responsible for the actions of phencyclidine (PCP). Since the electrophysiological actions of PCP have already been demonstrated on rat cerebellar Purkinje neurons, the effects of cyclazocine were also studied in this system with the goal of comparing the electrophysiological effects of cyclazocine to those of PCP. Cyclazocine inhibited the spontaneous firing rates of Purkinje neurons. These responses were stereospecific and qualitatively appeared similar to the effects of PCP. Antipsychotic drugs, haloperidol and fluphenazine, partially antagonized the actions of cyclazocine, suggesting a catecholaminergic involvement similar to the mechanism proposed for PCP. Unlike PCP, the effects of cyclazocine were also partially reversed by the opiate antagonist, naloxone. Taken together, these results suggest that in the rat cerebellum cyclazocine may be interacting with at least two receptor mechanisms: a naloxone-sensitive opiate site, and a naloxone-insensitive site which might involve catecholaminergic mediation similar to the PCP mechanism of action. The naloxone-sensitive effects of cyclazocine, however, may be related to an interaction of the drug with kappa receptors rather than with the more classical mu or delta opiate mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":7671,"journal":{"name":"Alcohol and drug research","volume":"6 1","pages":"23-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1985-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"15185421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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A survey of the limbic system. 对大脑边缘系统的调查

Alcohol and drug research Pub Date : 1985-01-01

W Nauta

引用次数: 0