{"title":"Reaction of Aroylpyruvic Acids with 3- and 4-Nitrobenzohydrazides. Synthesis of Pyrazoline-5-carboxylic Acids","authors":"A. A. Andreeva, Yu. V. Shklyaev, A. N. Maslivets","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025602535","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025602535","url":null,"abstract":"<p>4-Aryl-2,4-dioxobutanoic acids react with 3-nitro- and 4-nitrobenzohydrazides in a 1 : 2 ratio to form the corresponding 3-aryl-1-(3-nitrobenzoyl)-5-[2-(3-nitrobenzoyl)hydrazinyl]-4,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acids and 3-aryl-1-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-5-[2-(4-nitrobenzoyl)hydrazinyl]-4,5-dihydro-1<i>H</i>-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acids. The structure of the products was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The reaction proceeds under mild, catalyst-free conditions to give high yields, and the products were isolated without column chromatography. The synthesized compounds exhibit potential for diverse biological activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1458 - 1464"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dhruvkumar P. Darji, Nikitaben P. Marawadi, Balvantsingh M. Labana, Bhavesh R. Pansuriya
{"title":"Synthesis, Mesogenic Behavior, and DFT Study of Liquid Crystals Containing Azomethine and Sulfonamide Linkages","authors":"Dhruvkumar P. Darji, Nikitaben P. Marawadi, Balvantsingh M. Labana, Bhavesh R. Pansuriya","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025600263","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025600263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Two new series of compounds containing azomethine (–CH=N–) and sulfonamide (–SO<sub>2</sub>NH–) linkages―(<i>E</i>)-4-[(4-alkoxybenzylidene)amino]-<i>N</i>-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamides and (<i>E</i>)-4-[(4-alkoxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino]-<i>N</i>-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamides, each of 7 derivatives―were synthesized, and their mesogenic behavior was investigated. Optical polarizing microscopy with a heating stage was used to determine phase transition temperatures, revealing that ten synthesized compounds exhibited nematic mesophases. The transition temperatures decreased with increasing alkyl chain length, while the lateral ortho-methoxyl substitution in the phenyl ring in (<i>E</i>)-4-[(4-alkoxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino]-<i>N</i>-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamides further reduced mesophase stability due to steric hindrance and disrupted molecular packing. The products exhibited enantiotropic nematic mesomorphism, with transition temperatures following an expected trend. Density functional theory calculations provided insights into the molecular geometries, electronic properties, and intermolecular interactions of the synthesized compounds. The HOMO–LUMO energy gaps indicated a higher stability of (<i>E</i>)-4-[(4-alkoxybenzylidene)amino]-<i>N</i>-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamides compared to (<i>E</i>)-4-[(4-alkoxy-3-methoxybenzylidene)amino]-<i>N</i>-(5-methylisoxazol-3-yl)benzenesulfonamides. Molecular electrostatic potential maps highlighted charge distributions influencing self-assembly and mesophase formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1499 - 1510"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. V. Klyba, E. R. Sanzheeva, N. A. Nedolya, O. A. Tarasova
{"title":"Mass Spectra of New Heterocycles: XXX. Study of 2-(Alkylsulfanyl)pyridines by Electron Ionization Mass Spectrometry","authors":"L. V. Klyba, E. R. Sanzheeva, N. A. Nedolya, O. A. Tarasova","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025601669","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025601669","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The behavior of a representative series of previously unknown 2-(alkylsulfanyl)pyridines, prepared starting from isothiocyanates, acetylene or allene carbanions, and alkylating agents via the intermediate formation and aromatization of 6-(alkylsulfanyl)-2,3-dihydropyridines, under electron ionization (70 eV) has been studied for the first time. All studied compounds formed stable molecular ions (<i>M</i><sup>+•</sup>, <i>I</i><sub>rel</sub> 21–100%). In most cases, the primary fragmentation pathway involved the loss of a hydrogen atom to give an [<i>M</i> – H]<sup>+</sup> ion. Moreover, for 3-ary(hetaryl)-substituted pyridines, except for 6-(vinyloxymethyl)-2-(methylsulfanyl)-3-phenylpyridine and 6-methyl-2-(methylsulfanyl)pyridine, this is the main fragmentation pathway. The other significant primary fragmentation pathways of the molecular ions of the synthesized compounds were associated with the fragmentation of the alkylsulfanyl group to form [<i>M</i> – Me]<sup>+</sup>, [<i>M</i> – SH]<sup>+</sup>, [<i>M</i> – SCH]<sup>+</sup>, [<i>M</i> – SCH<sub>2</sub>]<sup>+•</sup>, [<i>M</i> – SMe]<sup>+</sup>, or [<i>M</i> – SEt]<sup>+</sup> ions, depending on the nature and position of substituents in the pyridine ring. The introduction of a substituent (R, OR, SR), where R = Alk > Me, into the pyridine molecule gives rise to a competing fragmentation pathway for the <i>M</i><sup>+•</sup> ion, associated with the loss of an alkene molecule. The fragmentation pathways of the molecular ions of 2-(alkylsulfanyl)pyridines with an OR substituent in the pyridine ring depends on whether the charge is localized on the oxygen or the sulfur atom. In the case of longer chain alkyl substituents (R = Bu, MeCHOEt), McLafferty rearrangement occurs along with simple bond cleavage. The fragment ions formed from the molecular ions of 3-aryl(hetaryl)pyridines are stabilized through the rearrangement into polycyclic aromatic structures that undergo little further fragmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1427 - 1439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Е. А. Soboleva, V. V. Shelkovnikov, А. А. Chernonosov
{"title":"Synthesis of Novel Diaryl Ether and Thioether Derivatives of Polyfluorochalcones","authors":"Е. А. Soboleva, V. V. Shelkovnikov, А. А. Chernonosov","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025602985","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025602985","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A series of <i>p</i>-substituted tetrafluoroaldehydes and ketones were obtained by the reaction of pentafluoroacetophenone and pentafluorobenzaldehyde with an excess of 4,4'-thiobisthiophenol, of 4,4'-thiobisphenol, and <i>tert</i>-butylthiophenol. The use of a double excess of pentafluoroacetophenone and pentafluorobenzaldehyde with respect to 4,4'-thiobisthiophenol and of 4,4'-thiobisphenol leads to the formation of bisoctafluoroaldehydes and ketones in high yields. Starting from mono- and disubstituted aldehydes and ketones, novel mono- and bispolyfluorochalcones containing aryl ether and thioether moieties, suitable for further modification, were synthesized.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1440 - 1450"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pritam A. Mule, Abhay L. Ghodke, Ajeet A. Yelwande, Meghshyam K. Patil
{"title":"Efficient Method for the Synthesis of 2,4,5-Triarylimidazoles Using an S-Zr/MCM-41 Catalyst","authors":"Pritam A. Mule, Abhay L. Ghodke, Ajeet A. Yelwande, Meghshyam K. Patil","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025600627","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025600627","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel and efficient method for the synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles has been developed using MCM-41-supported sulfated zirconia (S-Zr/MCM-41) as a heterogeneous catalyst. The approach involves a one-pot, thee-component reaction between benzoin, aromatic aldehydes, and ammonium acetate as the nitrogen source. MCM-41-supported ZrO<sub>2</sub> was synthesized and subsequently modified by sulfate impregnation. The prepared catalyst was thoroughly characterized by IR spectroscopy, XRD, SEM-EDX, TEM, and TGA analyses. The synthesis was performed in ethanol under reflux at 80°C using the catalyst, leading to the formation of corresponding 2,4,5-triaryl-1<i>H</i>-imidazoles in excellent yields. Reaction conditions were further optimized by varying catalyst loading and solvent choice. Remarkably high product yields, ranging from 90–96%, were achieved within 40 min.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1526 - 1535"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mechanisms of Thermal Isomerization of ortho-, meta-, and para-Difluorobenzene Isomers","authors":"O. B. Tomilin, L. V. Fomina, E. V. Rodionova","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025601980","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025601980","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanism of the thermal isomerization reactions of <i>ortho</i>-, <i>meta</i>-, and <i>para</i>-difluorobenzenes was established by DFT/B3LYP/6-31G (d) calculations. It was shown the rate-limiting step of these processes involve the dearomatization of difluorobenzenes to form benzvalene intermediates.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1408 - 1411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ozonolysis of N-Tosyl-, N-Benzoyl-, and N-Pivaloyl-2-(cycloalk-1-en-1-yl)anilines under Various Conditions","authors":"R. R. Safargalin, R. R. Gataullin","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025601621","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025601621","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The oxidation of <i>N</i>-tosyl-, <i>N</i>-benzoyl-, and <i>N</i>-pivaloyl-2-(cycloalk-1-en-1-yl)anilines with ozone followed by the reduction of the ozonation products with dimethyl sulfide in methylene chloride or hydroxylamine hydrochloride in isopropanol or methаnol was studied. The oxidation of <i>N</i>-tosylates in CH<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> followed by treatment with Me<sub>2</sub>S results in the exclusive formation of ketoaldehydes, whereas the reduction of the ozonation products in alcohols under the action of hydroxylamine hydrochloride yields acids and their esters in various ratios. The reduction of the ozonation products of 2-(2-cyclohex-1-en-1-yl-6-methylphenyl)-1<i>H</i>-isoindole-1,3(2<i>H</i>)-dione in MeOH under the action of hydroxylamine hydrochloride gives methyl 6-[2-(1,3-dioxo-1,3-dihydro-2<i>H</i>-isoindol-2-yl)-3-methylphenyl]-6-oxohexanoate as a single isolated product. The oxidation of <i>N</i>-[2-(6-methoxycyclohex-1-en-1-yl)-6-methylphenyl]-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide with ozone followed by treatment of the reaction mixture with hydroxylamine hydrochloride leads to methyl 5-methoxy-6-(3-methyl-2-{[(4-methylphenyl)sulfonyl]amino}phenyl)-6-oxohexanoate and <i>N</i>-{2-[6-(hydroxyimino)-2-methoxyhexanoyl]-6-methylphenyl}-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide in a 10 : 7 ratio. The oxime is formed as 1 : 2 <i>syn</i>/<i>anti</i> mixture, treatment, upon treatment with 2 equiv of methanesulfonyl chloride in triethylamine, is converted into the axial <i>syn/anti</i> atropisomers of <i>N</i>-[2-(5-cyano-2-methoxypentanoyl)-6-methylphenyl]-4-methyl-<i>N</i>-(methylsulfonyl)benzenesulfonamide in a 8 : 1 ratio, but their assignment to specific isomers remains unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1389 - 1398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Süleymanoğlu, S. Utaş Cobuloğlu, F. Çelik, Y. Ünver, R. Ustabaş, H. İ. Güler, Ş. Direkel
{"title":"Fluorobenzylidene-1,2,4-triazol-3-one Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity, and Molecular Docking Study","authors":"N. Süleymanoğlu, S. Utaş Cobuloğlu, F. Çelik, Y. Ünver, R. Ustabaş, H. İ. Güler, Ş. Direkel","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025600238","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025600238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A series of three fluorobenzylidene-1,2,4-triazol-3-one derivatives―(<i>E</i>)-4-[(2-fluorobenzylidene)amino]- (<b>1</b>), (<i>E</i>)-4-[(3-fluorobenzylidene)amino]- (<b>2</b>), and (<i>E</i>)-4-[(4-fluorobenzylidene)amino]-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (<b>3</b>)―were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and <sup>1</sup>H and <sup>13</sup>C NMR spectroscopy. Of the three synthesized isomeric (<i>E</i>)-4-(fluorobenzylideneamino)-5-methyl-2,4-dihydro-3<i>H</i>-1,2,4-triazol-3-one derivatives, isomers 1 and 2 are novel compounds, and compound 3 is previously known. A theoretical study was performed using the DFT/B3LYP/6–311++G(d,p) method. The molecular structures of compounds 1–3 were optimized, and their structural parameters were determined. Experimental FT-IR and NMR data were compared with calculated values, which confirmed the molecular structures and supported the experimental findings. The antibacterial and leishmaniacidal activities of compounds <b>1</b>–<b>3</b> were evaluated by the microdilution assay. <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i> was the most susceptible bacterium, while compound 2 was less effective against the tested bacteria than the other derivatives. Molecular docking analysis identified key molecular interactions responsible for the antileishmanial activity of compound <b>1,</b> demonstrating a high binding affinity for <i>Trypanothione reductase</i> (TRe).</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1479 - 1491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anil K. Mahida, Jayant B. Rathod, Kaushik A. Joshi
{"title":"Synthesis of Novel Pyrazole–Oxazolidine Hybrids and Their In Vitro Antimicrobial Evaluation and In Silico Molecular Docking","authors":"Anil K. Mahida, Jayant B. Rathod, Kaushik A. Joshi","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025600962","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025600962","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A series of novel pyrazole–oxazolidine–morpholine hybrids―4-[4-(5-{[1-phenyl-3-(R-phenyl)-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-4-yl]methyleneamino}methyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)phenyl]morpholin-3-ones―were synthesized via the Vilsmeier–Haack reaction and screened for antimicrobial activity against Gram+ve (<i>S. aureus</i>, <i>S. pyrogens</i>) and Gram<i>–</i>ve (<i>E. coli</i>, <i>P. aeruginosa</i>) bacterial and fungal (<i>C. albicans</i>, <i>A. clavatus</i>, and <i>A. niger</i>) strains. All the products showed moderate antimicrobial activities, with the largest zones of inhibition showed by the derivatives with R = 3-Br and 4-Me. Molecular docking of the synthesized hybrids against a series of bacterial (PDB ID: 1JIJ, PDB ID: 4ROT, PDB ID: 1KZN, and PDB ID: 4JVI) and fungal (PDB ID: 5C5G, PDB ID: 1IYL, PDB ID: 1UKC) protein targets to assess their inhibitory potential. The results predicted that (<i>E</i>)-4-[4-(5-{[3-(bromophenyl)-1-phenyl-1<i>H</i>-pyrazol-4-yl]methyleneamino}methyl)-2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)phenyl]morpholin-3-one and its 3-(4-methylphenyl) analog may exhibit antimicrobial activity and deserve further study as promising candidates for medical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1536 - 1548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Synthesis of 4-Alkyl-5-aryl(hetaryl)-substituted 2-[5-(Hydroxymethyl)furan-2-yl]-1H-imidazol-1-ols","authors":"I. A. Os’kina, A. Ya. Tikhonov","doi":"10.1134/S1070428025601773","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070428025601773","url":null,"abstract":"<p>4-Alkyl-5-aryl(hetaryl)<b>-</b>substituted 2-(5-hydroxymethylfuran-2-yl)-1<i>H</i>-imidazol-1-ols were synthesized by the reaction of alkylaromatic 2-(hydroxyamino)propan-1-one oximes with 5-(hydroxymethyl)furan-2-carbaldehyde.</p>","PeriodicalId":766,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"61 8","pages":"1559 - 1562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145242820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}