American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy最新文献

{"title":"Beyond Type 2 Inflammation: Expanding Paradigms in Rhinology Through Data, Biology, and Surgical Innovation.","authors":"Bobby A Tajudeen","doi":"10.1177/19458924261449716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924261449716","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":"40 4","pages":"260-261"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148209876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Efficacy of Tezepelumab in Moderate-to-Severe Uncontrolled Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"Hamida Hasan El Malt, Sara Elaissaoui, Nicolas De Cesaro Schpchacki, Natália De Wallau, Rafael Dib Possiedi, Francielle De Souza Antonini, Anna Jose, Leder Leal Xavier","doi":"10.1177/19458924261463318","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924261463318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundChronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting the sinuses, resulting in the appearance of nasal polyps and is often associated with comorbidities. Many cases do not respond to corticosteroid treatment or surgery.ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the role of tezepelumab in the treatment of CRSwNP.MethodsPubmed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched. Three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing tezepelumab and placebo in 655 patients with CRSwNP were included. The main outcomes were nasal polyp size (nasal polyp score, NPS), nasal congestion or obstruction (nasal congestion score, NCS), and quality of life using the sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22).ResultsThree RCTS were included, in which tezepelumab was used to treat CRSwNP. The mean age was 50.9 years, with 56.9% male patients and 75.6% of patients with coexisting asthma. The mean difference (MD) for NPS ranged from -0.9 to -2.0 compared to placebo. Consistent benefits were observed for NCS with MD between -0.8 and -1.0 compared to placebo and SNOT-22 with MD ranging from -10 to -28 points compared to placebo.ConclusionIn conclusion, evidence suggests that tezepelumab may improve NPS and NCS, SNOT-22, loss of sense of smell, and clinically relevant endpoints (reduced need for surgery and corticosteroid use), as demonstrated in all included trials. However, the certainty and clinical applicability remain limited due to small trial size, industry sponsorship, and the lack of direct comparison with standard management and endoscopic sinus surgery. Large-scale, independent clinical trials are needed to confirm the position of tezepelumab in clinical practice for patients with moderate to severe CRSwNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"19458924261463318"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148350354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cancer Metastasis to the Sinonasal Cavity: Clinical Characteristics and Survival Analysis in 35 Patients.","authors":"Marn Joon Park, Yeong Ju Lee, Ji Heui Kim, Yoo-Sam Chung, Myeong Sang Yu","doi":"10.1177/19458924261457745","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924261457745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectivesSinonasal metastases are far rarer than primary sinonasal malignancies, hence seldom reported or analyzed in existing literature. To address these gaps, we have retrospectively analyzed 35 patients with sinonasal metastasis in a single university hospital in South Korea, over a 24-year period.MethodsFrom 1998 to 2022, among 11,814 pathology reports of sinonasal tissues, 35 (0.3%) were identified with sinonasal metastasis from solid organ cancers. Patients' clinical characteristics, presentation, primary tumor profiles, treatment modalities for the sinonasal metastasis, and overall survival (OS) were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed, in addition to the literature review.ResultsHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was the most common primary cancer (37.1%), followed by lung (14.3%), breast (11.4%), and thyroid (8.6%). The most common presentation was epistaxis (20%), however, 20% were identified incidentally. The nasal cavity (37.1%), sphenoid and maxillary sinus (31.4%), and skull base (34.3%) were the most prevalent metastatic locations. Although the median OS following a sinonasal metastatic diagnosis was 7.0 months, patients with isolated sinonasal metastasis, thyroid cancer- metastases, or definitive therapy for sinonasal metastasis had significant longer OS (p=0.037, 0.035, and p-trend=0.003, respectively).ConclusionIn our study, HCC was the most common primary cancer for sinonasal metastasis, contrasting with renal cell carcinoma prevalence in Western literature, suggesting that regional cancer incidence variations may influence sinonasal metastasis epidemiology. Despite the poor prognosis in general, in selected patients with thyroid cancer or solitary sinonasal metastases, the definitive treatment for the sinonasal metastasis may aid in an increased duration of survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"19458924261457745"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation and Outcomes of a Structured Epistaxis Protocol in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: An Observational Cohort Study from a Multidisciplinary Clinic.","authors":"Niridu Peiris, Raymond Hayler, Kathleen Le Marquand, Pak Leng Cheong, Lisa Worgan, Edmund Lau, Tsu-Hui Hubert Low","doi":"10.1177/19458924261459226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924261459226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disorder with multiorgan manifestations, necessitating a multidisciplinary approach. Epistaxis is a common manifestation leading to significant morbidity. Current treatments are variable in efficacy, and adequate control of epistaxis remains a significant challenge.ObjectiveTo describe the cohort of patients treated at a dedicated multidisciplinary HHT clinic and to evaluate the efficacy of an HHT-related epistaxis treatment protocol at a multidisciplinary HHT clinic.MethodsThis study included both retrospective and prospective cohorts of adult patients (≥ 18 years) with confirmed HHT attending a tertiary multidisciplinary clinic. The retrospective cohort comprised patients managed prior to the establishment of the treatment protocol and contributed to baseline demographic and disease characteristics only. The prospective cohort of patients, recruited from September 2022 to September 2024, was managed using a tiered protocol progressing from topical treatment to surgical intervention to systemic therapy. Epistaxis severity score (ESS) was recorded longitudinally. Treatment efficacy was assessed by comparing ESS at baseline, pre-intervention, and post-intervention time points.ResultsA total of 62 patients, including 31 retrospective and 31 prospective patients, were identified with a mean age of 52.5 ± 17.4 years and female predominance of 62.9%. Baseline ESS scores were highest in patients in the \"Bevacizumab\" group, followed by those in the \"Surgical treatment\" group, and lowest in patients in the \"Topical treatment only\" cohort (<i>P</i> = .001). Within the prospective cohort, significant improvements in ESS were observed following surgery (ΔESS = 4.31, <i>P</i> = .006) and bevacizumab (ΔESS = 4.74, <i>P</i> = .005). Nearly half (48.4%) of patients in this clinic achieved satisfactory control with conservative measures alone.ConclusionA structured, multidisciplinary protocol enables effective management of HHT-related epistaxis, matching treatment intensity to disease severity to achieve satisfactory symptom control for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"19458924261459226"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148337408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large-Scale Three-Dimensional CT Mapping of the Frontal Sinus Drainage Pathway: Anatomical Relationships and Surgical Validation.","authors":"Ngoc Hong Ngo, Luan Viet Tran","doi":"10.1177/19458924261458874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924261458874","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundThe frontal sinus drainage pathway (FSDP) includes the frontal recess as its most anatomically complex segment, where surrounding cell pneumatization can influence drainage patterns. Despite this variability, large-scale 3-dimensional characterization of the drainage pathway in both opacified and nonopacified sinuses remains limited, particularly with operative validation.ObjectiveTo perform 3-dimensional mapping of the FSDP and evaluate its relationship to adjacent cells, focusing on drainage patterns associated with frontal sinus opacification.MethodsThis single-center cross-sectional study analyzed 1008 frontal sinuses using 3-dimensional computed tomography reconstruction software. Frontal recess cells were classified according to the International Frontal Sinus Anatomy Classification. The course of the FSDP relative to adjacent cells was mapped and compared between opacified and nonopacified sinuses. A subset of 112 opacified sinuses that underwent endoscopic frontal sinus surgery was included for surgical validation, with preoperative mapping correlated with intraoperative findings.ResultsThe FSDP most frequently coursed posterior to the agger nasi cell (63.9%). In the presence of supra-agger cell and supra-agger frontal cell, it predominantly followed a medial course (55.3% and 68.7%, respectively). It consistently ran anterior to supra-bulla cell (100%), lateral to frontal septal cell (100%), and most commonly anterior to supra-bulla frontal cell and supraorbital ethmoid cell (79.7% and 97.3%, respectively). Pathway-cell relationships did not differ between opacified and nonopacified groups. Preoperative 3-dimensional mapping showed high intraoperative concordance.ConclusionThis study demonstrates that the anatomical configuration of the FSDP is largely consistent across both opacified and nonopacified sinuses. These findings provide a structured 3-dimensional anatomical framework that may assist preoperative assessment and surgical orientation in endoscopic frontal sinus surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"19458924261458874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148315132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Hybrid Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy With Canaliculotomy and Intubation for Severe Common Canalicular Obstruction: A Retrospective Study.","authors":"Yuanyuan Zhou, Zongshan Fan, Yingjie Ma, Wencan Wu, Guangming Zhou, Bo Yu","doi":"10.1177/19458924261458877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924261458877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>ObjectiveTo evaluate the long-term anatomical and functional efficacy of a hybrid surgical technique combining endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (En-DCR), endoscopic common canaliculotomy, and temporary bicanalicular silicone intubation in patients with severe common canalicular obstruction (CCO).MethodsThis retrospective case series analyzed 43 eyes of 43 patients (mean age: 55.4 ± 8.0 years) with severe CCO treated between February 2018 and July 2022. Severe CCO was confirmed intraoperatively by soft resistance to probing ≥10 mm from the punctum. The surgical technique included wide bony ostium creation, lacrimal sac marsupialization, direct endoscopic incision of the fibrotic common canaliculus, and bicanalicular silicone tube intubation (stent removed at 3 months). Outcomes were assessed at ≥12 months postoperatively using epiphora symptom resolution, lacrimal irrigation, nasal endoscopy, and fluorescein dye disappearance test. Anatomical success was defined as a patent ostium with unobstructed irrigation; functional success required anatomical patency plus complete epiphora resolution.ResultsAt a mean follow-up of 18.8 ± 6.9 months, anatomical success was achieved in 37 eyes (86.0%), and functional success in 35 eyes (81.4%). Failures included 5 cases of ostial fibrosis and 1 recurrent CCO; 2 patients reported persistent epiphora despite anatomical patency. No major complications (eg, orbital hemorrhage, sinusitis) occurred.ConclusionsIn carefully selected patients with isolated severe CCO, the hybrid technique of En-DCR with canaliculotomy and temporary intubation demonstrates promising success rates and a favorable safety profile while preserving physiological drainage. These findings suggest it may serve as a physiologically favorable alternative to conjunctivodacryocystorhinostomy, mitigating the long-term complications associated with permanent bypass tubes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"19458924261458877"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Chitosan-Based Dressings on Postoperative Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ahmed K Almukhlifi, Abdullah O Almutairi, Lara S Alansari, Osama B Alharbi, Reema A Almutairi, Ahmed H Alkhaldi, Sarah K Alkhorayef, Nayef S Alkhazi","doi":"10.1177/19458924261457275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924261457275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundEndoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) remains the gold standard for chronic rhinosinusitis, but complications such as adhesions, ostial stenosis, and poor mucosal healing occur. Chitosan-based nasal packs and gels have been proposed as adjuncts for their hemostatic and anti-adhesive properties.ObjectiveTo assess chitosan-based therapies after ESS.MethodsRandomized trials comparing chitosan-based products with no treatment, standard care, or active comparators were included; active comparators included standard dressings or biomaterials, whereas no-treatment comparisons reflected split-nose designs. Outcomes were ostial area preservation and wound-healing parameters at final follow-up. Random-effects models pooled weighted mean differences (WMDs) for ostial outcomes and risk ratios (RRs) for binary outcomes.ResultsTen randomized controlled trials were included (5 reporting ostial outcomes, up to 9 reporting binary outcomes). Six studies compared chitosan-based products with no treatment and 4 with active comparators. At final follow-up, chitosan-based products improved ostial area preservation versus no treatment (WMD = 18.3%, 95% confidence interval: 11.6-25.1%; <i>P</i> < .0001), with greater effects in the frontal (WMD = 23.9%) and sphenoid (WMD = 23.4%) than maxillary sinus (WMD = 9.1%; subgroup <i>P</i> = .027). Pooled analyses showed chitosan-based products reduced adhesions (RR = 0.36, <i>P</i> = .006) and crusting (RR = 0.67, <i>P</i> = .009). However, after stratification by comparator type, neither adhesions nor crusting remained significant in the no-treatment subgroup, whereas crusting remained significant only versus active comparators (RR = 0.64, <i>P</i> = .007). Chitosan-based products reduced infection versus no treatment (RR = 0.39, <i>P</i> = .002), but not versus active comparators.ConclusionsChitosan-based preparations may preserve frontal and sphenoidal but not maxillary ostial size and reduce infection when compared with no treatment. Reduced crusting was observed only with active comparators. Small subgroup sizes and limited head-to-head evidence do not support claims of superiority; given the cost of chitosan-based dressings, more RCTs are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"19458924261457275"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148215681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Don't Collapse the Wave.","authors":"Neal Rajan Godse","doi":"10.1177/19458924261434308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/19458924261434308","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":"40 3","pages":"180-182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147643583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescription Patterns and Outcomes of Topical Antibiotic Irrigations in Difficult-to-Treat Chronic Rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Bastien A Valencia-Sanchez, Christopher Jabbour, Prishae Wilson, Natasha Najmi, Alaa Alhalabi, Jacqueline Squire, Janalee Stokken, Angela M Donaldson","doi":"10.1177/19458924251413671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924251413671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundA substantial proportion of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) remain partly controlled or uncontrolled despite endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and maximal medical therapy. For these difficult-to-treat cases, topical antibiotic irrigations have been proposed as an adjunctive therapy, particularly when delivered via large-volume, low-pressure systems that enhance sinus penetration post-ESS. Evidence on their efficacy and prescribing patterns in this population remains limited.ObjectiveThis study aims to evaluate the use and outcomes of topical antibiotic irrigations in patients with difficult-to-treat CRS.MethodsA retrospective, multi-site cohort study was conducted across tertiary academic medical centers. Adult patients with persistent CRS symptoms despite bilateral full-house ESS and conventional postoperative medical management were included. Patients with cystic fibrosis or granulomatosis with polyangiitis were excluded. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were collected. Primary outcomes were infection resolution at 8 weeks and changes in Sino-Nasal Outcome Test-22 (SNOT-22) scores.ResultsSixty-seven patients met inclusion criteria. Mupirocin (41.8%), tobramycin (23.9%), and gentamicin (17.9%) were the most commonly prescribed agents. After 8 weeks, 62.7% of patients achieved infection clearance. Among 44 patients with SNOT-22 data, scores improved significantly from 34.8 ± 20.2 to 21.8 ± 14.7 (<i>P</i> < .001). Improvement in SNOT-22 scores was more pronounced in patients who cleared the infection compared to those who did not.ConclusionLarge-volume topical antibiotic irrigations were associated with high infection resolution rates and clinically meaningful SNOT-22 improvements in patients with difficult-to-treat CRS. These findings support their potential utility as an adjunctive therapy in select postsurgical patients and warrant further prospective investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"230-238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146002813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Accuracy of Office Biopsy for Inverted Papilloma.","authors":"Alison J Yu, Iulia Tapescu, Sanjena Venkatesh, Kathleen Montone, Maria C Espinosa, Jennifer E Douglas, James N Palmer, Michael A Kohanski, Nithin D Adappa","doi":"10.1177/19458924251414779","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19458924251414779","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>BackgroundWith a 10% risk for malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the treatment of inverted papilloma (IP) is surgical resection. Biopsy of IP can be helpful for diagnosis, but there are accuracy limitations.ObjectiveTo determine the diagnostic accuracy of office biopsy in patients who underwent surgical resection for sinonasal papilloma, and to examine clinical and pathological factors that impacted this accuracy.MethodsThis was a retrospective review of patients who underwent resection of sinonasal papilloma at a tertiary care center from January 2015 to April 2025 and had office biopsies performed at the same institution before surgery. Patient demographic and tumor characteristics were reviewed. We compared the accuracy of office biopsy against the final pathology from surgical resection.ResultsA total of 94 patients were included. Mean age was 59.6 (±12.5) years, with 69.1% male. Final pathology revealed 72 (76.6%) sinonasal papilloma without dysplasia, 19 (20.2%) sinonasal papilloma with dysplasia, and 3 (3.2%) SCC in situ. 13.9% (10/72) of the papilloma without dysplasia cases had false negative biopsies showing inflammatory lesions, while none of the pre-malignant papillomas had a false negative (non-neoplastic) biopsy (<i>P</i> < .001). The false negative biopsy cases were significantly associated with contralateral pathology on CT (50.0% vs 12.9%, <i>P</i> = .005) and concurrent inflammatory polyp (40.0% vs 4.8%, <i>P</i> < .001). Tumor characteristics were not significantly associated with higher rates of false negative biopsy.ConclusionsInaccurate biopsy results were mainly attributed to concurrent inflammatory processes. With a false negative rate of 14% on office biopsy, proceeding to surgical resection is warranted when there is a strong clinical suspicion for IP.</p>","PeriodicalId":7650,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy","volume":" ","pages":"239-244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145958322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}